单元质量检测二.docx
《单元质量检测二.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《单元质量检测二.docx（18页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
单元质量检测二
单元质量检测
（二）
Ⅰ.阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
HiddenLondon:
thecity'slesserknowndelights
DulwichPictureGallery
AsmuchanexcusetoenjoythevillagecharmsofDulwichVillageastoadmiresomedelicateEuropeanmasterworks,thisgalleryisasoutheastLondoncharmer,whichwasfoundedin1811.Joinafreeguidedtourtothepermanentcollection（3pmSaturdayandSunday）,catchthelatesttemporaryexhibitionandadmirethelovelygarden（open1：
30pmto3：
30pmTuesdays）．
Were:
GalleryRdSE217AD
Train:
WestDulwich
TempleChurch
FeaturinginthenovelTheDaVinciCodeanddatingbacktothelate12thcentury,thisisoneofLondon'soldestandholiestmedieval（中世纪的）treasures.BuiltbytheKnightsTemplar,thechurchisdividedintotheRound—whichcontainsthestatuesofcrusadingknights,whotriedtorecovertheHolyLandfromtheMuslimsintheMiddleAges—andtheChancel,wherethepriests（牧师）andsingersperforminginchurchservicessit.
Where:
TempleEC4Y7DE
Underground:
TempleorBlackfriars
ChelseaPhysicGarden
Endlesslysatisfyingthegreen fingered,theplaincuriousorthoseeagertodiscoverbotanical（植物学的）interestsincentralLondon,thisdelightfulwalledgardenwasfoundedbytheApothecaries'Societyinthe17thcenturyandisoneoftheoldestbotanicalgardensinLondon.
Where:
66RoyalHospitalRdSW34HS
Underground:
SloaneSquare
EstorickCollectionofModernItalianArt
Builtbetween1953and1958,theEstorickisBritain'sonlygallerydevotedtoItalianart.ItdrawstogetherafascinatingcollectionofFuturistmasterpiecesfromUmbertoBoccioni,GiacomoBalla,CarloCarraandothers,whoemphasizedtheimportanceofmodernthings,especiallytechnologyandmachines.
Where:
39aCanonburySqN12AN
Underground:
Highbury&Islington
1．WhencanyoufollowafreeguidetovisitDulwichPictureGallery?
A．3pmonSunday. B．3：
30pmonTuesday.
C．1：
30pmonTuesday.D．1：
30pmonSaturday.
解析：
选A 细节理解题。
根据第一部分中的“Joinafreeguidedtourtothepermanentcollection（3pmSaturdayandSunday）”可知，每周六、日的下午3点可以跟着免费导游参观达利奇美术馆。
2．Whereshouldyougoifyouhaveaninterestinplants?
A．GalleryRdSE217AD.
B．TempleEC4Y7DE.
C．66RoyalHospitalRdSW34HS.
D．39aCanonburySqN12AN.
解析：
选C 细节理解题。
根据第三部分中的“green fingered;botanical（植物学的）interests;delightfulwalledgarden”及“oneoftheoldestbotanicalgardens”可知，如果对植物感兴趣的话应该去切尔西草药园，其地址为66RoyalHospitalRdSW34HS。
3．IfyouwanttoenjoyItalianart,youmaygetoffat.
A．WestDulwich B．Blackfriars
C．SloaneSquareD．Highbury
解析：
选D 细节理解题。
根据最后一部分中的“theEstorickisBritain'sonlygallerydevotedtoItalianart”可知，如果对意大利艺术感兴趣的话应该去艾斯托力克现代意大利艺术馆，乘坐地铁在Highbury或Islington下车。
B
WhenIwasasmallboy,Inoticedthatthoughmanyoftheadultsaroundmewerewealthyandeducated,theywerenotalwayshappyandthissometimesledthemtobehaveinways,whichI,asachild,thoughtstrange.Asaresultofthat,Idecidedtotrytounderstandwhathappinesswasandhowbesttoachieveit.Itwasnotsurprising,then,thatIdecidedtostudypsychology.
Onarrivalattheuniversity,Iwasdisappointedtofindthatacademicpsychologistsweretryingtounderstandhumanbehaviourbystudyingratsinalab.Ifeltthattheremustbeothermoreusefulwaysoflearninghowwethinkandfeel.Idecidedtobuildmycareerontryingtodiscoverwhatmadeothershappy.Istartedoutbystudyingcreativepeoplesuchasmusicians,artistsandathletesbecausetheywerepeoplewhodevotedtheirlivestodoingwhattheywantedtodo,ratherthanthingsthatjustbroughtthemfinancialrewards.
Later,Iexpandedthestudybyinventingasystemcalled“theexperiencesamplingmethod”.Ordinarypeoplewereaskedtokeepanelectronicpager（传呼机）foraweekwhichgaveoutabeepingsoundeighttimesaday.Everytimeitdidso,theywrotedownwheretheywere,whattheyweredoing,howtheyfeltandhowmuchtheywereconcentrating.Thissystemhasnowbeenusedonmorethan10,000people,andtheanswersareconsistent:
aswithcreativepeople,ordinarypeoplearehappiestwhenconcentratinghard.
Ifoundthatthemostobviouscauseofhappinessisintenseconcentration.Thismustbethemainreasonwhyactivitiessuchasmusic,art,literature,sportsandotherformsofleisurehavesurvived.Inordertoconcentrate,whetheryou'rereadingapoemorbuildingasandcastle,whatyouneedisachallengethatmatchesyourability.Thewaytoremaincontinuallyhappy,therefore,istokeepfindingnewopportunitiestoimproveyourskills.Thismaymeanlearningtodoyourjobbetterorfaster,ordoingothermoredifficultjobs.Asyougrowolder,youhavetofindnewchallengeswhicharemoreappropriatetoyourage.
4．Whatledtheauthortostudypsychology?
A．Hisdeterminationtobecomerich.
B．Hisobservationofadults.
C．Hisunhappychildhood.
D．Hisinterestinstrangers.
解析：
选B 推理判断题。
第一段提到作者小时候看到周围富有且受过教育的成年人并不快乐，因而决定找到使人们获得快乐的途径，由此可推断：
他对成年人的观察促使他学了心理学。
5．Whoweretheauthor'sstudysubjectsatthestartofhiscareer?
A．Peoplehavingdeepaffectionfortheircareer.
B．Peopleveryawareoftheirpersonallife.
C．Peoplesuccessfulinacquiringwealth.
D．Peoplewithmorefreedom.
解析：
选A 推理判断题。
由第二段中的“Istartedoutbystudying...whodevotedtheirlivestodoingwhattheywantedtodo”可知，作者认为他选择的研究对象是热爱自己事业的一群人。
6．Theauthorusedhissystemtoshowthat.
A．people'shappinessdependsonwhotheyarewith
B．peoplearehappierwhentheyfocusonanactivity
C．creativepeoplearehappierthanordinarypeople
D．ordinarypeoplefindithardtoconcentrate
解析：
选B 细节理解题。
由第三段中的“aswithcreativepeople,ordinarypeoplearehappiestwhenconcentratinghard”可知，作者采取经验取样法研究发现：
普通人和有创造性的人一样，他们在集中精神做事情的时候最快乐。
7．Accordingtothetext,peopleconcentratemostwhentheyaredoing.
A．somethingstrangeandenjoyable
B．somethingdifficultbutpossible
C．thingsappropriatetotheirages
D．manythingsatthesametime
解析：
选B 推理判断题。
由最后一段中的“intenseconcentration”及“challengethatmatchesyourability”等可知，人们在做具有一定难度但又是自己能力所及的事情时精神最集中。
C
Mistakesareapartoflife.Toerrishuman.Failureisalsoapartoflife,nottheendoflife.Behappywhenfacinglife'schallenges.Whenyoumaketheefforttobehappyandtoimproveyourlife,youareactuallyrewardedalongtheway.
Lifeislikeagameandmaybeyoucanaward（奖励）pointsforeveryeffortthathasbeenasuccessforyou.Tryit.Addtenpointsforeveryachievement.Andwhenyouhavereached50points,justyell，“Hey,I'vewon！
”andgiveyourselfareward.Ifyouhappentohavemissedyourpointsforwhateverreason,tellyourself,“Well,I'vetried!
Itisbetterthannottryingatall.”Don'tletitbesaidyoudidn'ttry.
Whatisitthatyouwanttomakeyourselfhappy？
Actuallyhappinessmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Forexample,anathletewillbehappywhenwinninghisfirstrace.Foranewmotherhappinesswouldbeseeingherbaby'sfirststeps.Happinessforapoorpersonwouldmeanhavingamealjustfortoday.Sohappinessforyouisreallysomethingsimplethatyouwantforyourself.
Itreallydoesn'thavetobebig.Asamatteroffactyoushouldalwayshaverealisticexpectations.Makethebestoutofeverygivensituation.Ifyouexpectacertainresultfromasituationanditdoesnothappen,don'tgetdespondent.Thisjustmeanstryinghardernexttime.Weallhaveinourselvesthepowertosucceed.Don'tlet“giveup”beapartofyourvocabulary.
语篇解读：
本文是一篇充满哲理的小品文，提醒人们在面对失败、痛苦时应该采取积极乐观的态度，并告诫人们要知道“人非圣贤，孰能无过”，要坦然面对失败和错误，要努力去获得快乐和幸福。
8．Bysaying“Toerrishuman”，theauthormeansthat.
A．humanbeingsshouldtrytoavoidmakingmistakes
B．nooneisperfectandeveryonemakesmistakes
C．mistakesandfailuremakeupourlife
D．humanbeingsmakemistakeseasily
解析：
选B 细节理解题。
根据文章首段中的“Mistakesareapartoflife.”可知，错误是人生的一部分，人人都会犯错，故选B。
9．What'sthemainideaofParagraph2?
A．Trytoreach50points.
B．Neverstoptryinginyourlife.
C．Awardyourselfforyoursuccess.
D．Don'tbeafraidofmissingyourpoints.
解析：
选C 段落大意题。
在第二段中作者建议人们取得成就的时候要给自己奖励，没有实现目标时要安慰自己“努力过了”，所以根据内容判断“Lifeislikeagameandmaybeyoucanaward（奖励）pointsforeveryeffortthathasbeenasuccessforyou.”为本段主旨句，由此可知选C。
10．TheauthorproveshisideainParagraph3through.
A．examplesB．numbers
C．experimentsD．stories
解析：
选A 推理判断题。
作者首先提出本段中心“Actuallyhappinessmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.”，然后举例说明“Forexample...”，由此判断作者在本段中使用了例证的方法，故选A。
11．Theunderlinedword“despondent”inthelastparagraphmeans“”．
A．frightenedB．disappointed
C．surprisedD．excited
解析：
选B 词义猜测题。
根据画线词前的内容“Ifyouexpectacertainresultfromasituationanditdoesnothappen”可以推断如果期望的结果没有发生，人们会感到沮丧或者失望，故选B。
D
It'sbeensaidthatthelinebetweenchildhoodandadulthoodiscrossedwhenwemovefromsaying“Itgotlost”to“Ilostit”．
Indeed,beingresponsible—understandingandacceptingtheroleourchoicesplayinthethingsthathappen—isaveryimportantsignofemotionalandmoralmaturity（情感和道德成熟）.That'swhyresponsibilityisoneofthemainpartsofagoodcharacter.
ManypeoplehavebeenattractedbythePeterPanphilosophyofrefusingtogrowupandavoidingtheburdens（负担）impliedinbeingresponsible.Yes,responsibilitysometimesrequiresustodothingsthatareunpleasantorevenfrightening.Itasksustocarryourownweight,prepareandsetgoals,anddothetrainingofthemindandcharactertorealizeourdreams.
Butthebenefitsofacceptingresponsibilityisfarmoreimportantthantheshort livedadvantagesofrefusingtodoso.Noonemakeshisorherlifebetterbyavoidingresponsibility.Infact,irresponsibilityisaformofburdenyouhavemadeforyourself—tocircumstancesandtootherpeople.
Responsibilityisaboutourabilitytorespondtocircumstancesandtochoosethe
升级会员 