UPY彭宇雅思写作权威整理.docx

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UPY彭宇雅思写作权威整理

TheBibletoIELTSWriting[雅思写作策略总则]

•知己知彼,百战不殆---明确英汉思维模式差异

•重拾自信---任何题目都是我们熟知的,不要怕

•写作基于表达---用最好的框架及内容,语言应对规定式作文

•笔记为王---自己的笔记才是最好的资料

•动动手---写和不写,差距不是一点点

一、图表作文:

(150words,20minutes)

1.考察类型

A.柱形图(BarChart)

B.饼图(PieChart)

C.线形图(CurveChart)

D.流程图(FlowChart)

E.表格(Table)

2.写作总体框架

Para1,Thisisa_____chartabove,whichdemonstratesthenumberof_____from 1999to2014.

如果两个图,则:

Therearetwochartsabove,the_____ofwhichdescribesthenumberof_____,andthe_____illustratesthefigureof____.

Para2,From the____chartwecanseethatthenumberof______variesconstantlyin2000.Moreover,aswecanseefrom thesecondchart,thereisadramaticdecreaseofthefigureof______duringtheperiodof1999to2014.

…….

…….

3.常用的词汇概述

上升:

increase,rise,ascend,soar,goup,climb

下降:

decrease,fall,drop,descend,decline,reduce,lessen,godown

平稳:

stable,steady,remain/maintain,keep/bethesameas/similarto/leveloff

波动:

fluctuate/fluctuation,upanddown

占:

occupy,,accountfor, makeup,besharedby

相比:

bycontrast,onthecontrary,comparedwith/comparingwith

最高点:

thehighest,thetop,thesummit,thepeak

达到顶峰:

cometothehighest/mountto/peak

最低点:

bottom/rockbottom

反弹:

recover

平均:

average

趋势:

tendency,trend,inclination

预见:

prediction

而:

while,however,whereas,meanwhile,ontheotherhand,actually/infact

4.图表分类强化

第一篇饼状图

写作要点:

1.介绍各扇面及总体的关系

2.各个扇面之间的比较,同类扇面在不同时间,不同地点的比较

3.重点突出特色最明显的扇面:

最大的,最小的,互相成倍的

描写句式:

1.Itisclearthatthemost+adj.+主题词isA,whichaccountsfor___%ofall主题词.

2.Bisthenextlargest+主题词,___%lowerthanAofall主题词andfollowedcloselybyC.

3.Theabovethreeitemsof主题词altogethertakeabout___%.

4.Bycontrast,D,EandFmakethesmallestpercentageoftotal主题词,whichare___%,___%and___%respectively.

常用表达:

倍数和比例的表达:

aquarterof……;halfof……;amajorityof……

double;triple;quadruple(这三个词都可以做名词,动词和形容词)

…betwiceasadj.as……

例句:

Thedining-roomistwiceasbigasthekitchen.

…morethan___timesasadj.as……

例句:

TherearemorethantwiceasmanykangaroosaspeopleinAustralia.

HeismorethanthreetimesasrichasI.

In1950,theurbanpopulationrepresentedlessthan13%ofthetotal.Itisnowabout40%andisexpectedtoreach60%by2030.(摘自BBC)

相似和不同的表达:

AhassomethingincommonwithB

AsharessomesimilaritywithB

ThedifferencebetweenAandBliesin……

参看考官范文,研习遣词造句

Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.

Writeareportforauniversitylecturerdescribingtheinformationshownbelow.

Youshouldwriteatleast150words.

Inthisanalysiswewillexaminethreepiecharts.Thefirstoneisheaded‘WorldSpending.’Thesecondis‘WorldPopulation’andthethirdis‘ConsumptionofResources.’

Inthefirstchartwecanseethatpeoplespendmostoftheirincome(24%)onfood.Insomecountriesthispercentagewouldobviouslybemuchhigher.Transportandthenhousingarethenextmajorexpensesat18%and12%respectively.Only6%ofincomeisspentonclothing.

Inthesecondchartentitled‘WorldPopulation’,itisnotsurprisingtofindthat57%ofpeopleliveinAsia.InfactChinaandIndiaaretwoofthemostpopulatedcountriesintheworldandtheyarebothsituatedonthiscontinent.EuropeandtheAmericansaccountfornearly30%ofthetotal,whilst10%ofpeopleliveinAfrica.

Finally,thethirdchartrevealsthattheUSAandEuropeconsumeahuge60%oftheworld’sresource.

Tosumup,themajorexpenditureisonfood,thepopulationfiguresarethehighestforAsiaandthemajorconsumersaretheUSAandEurope.(182words)

参看考官范文,研习遣词造句

ThetwographsshowthatoilwasthemajorenergysourceintheUSAinboth1980and1990andthatcoal,naturalgasandhydroelectricpowerremainedinmuchthesameproportions.Ontheotherhand,therewasadramaticriseinnuclearpower,whichdoubleditspercentageoverthetenyears.

Oilsuppliedthelargestpercentageofenergy,althoughthepercentagedecreasedfrom42%in1980to33%in1990.Coalin1990wasthesecondlargestsourceofenergy,increasingitsproportionto27%from22%inthepreviousdecade.Naturalgas,thesecondlargestsourcein1980at26%,decreaseditsshareveryslightlytoprovide25%ofAmerica’senergytenyearslater.Therewasnochangeinthepercentagesuppliedbyhydroelectricpowerwhichremainedat5%ofthetotalenergyused.Nuclearpowerthegreatestchange:

in1990itwas10%,twicethatofthe1980s.(152words)

第二篇曲线图[柱状图]

写作要点:

1.曲线图和柱状图都是动态图,解题的切入点在于描述趋势。

2.在第二段的开头部分对整个曲线进行一个阶段式的总分类,使写作层次清晰,同时也方便考官阅卷。

接下来再分类描述每个阶段的specifictrend,同时导入数据作为分类的依据。

3.趋势说明。

即,对曲线的连续变化进行说明,如上升、下降、波动、持平。

以时间为比较基础的应抓住“变化”:

上升、下降、或是波动。

题中对两个或两个以上的变量进行描述时应在此基础上进行比较,如变量多于两个应进行分类或有侧重的比较。

4.极点说明。

即对图表中最高的、最低的点单独进行说明。

不以时间为比较基础的应注意对极点的描述。

5.交点说明。

即对图表当中多根曲线的交点进行对比说明。

6.不要不做任何说明就机械地导入数据,这不符合雅思的考试目的。

动词—九大运动趋势

1.表示向上:

increase,rise,improve,grow,ascend,mount,aggrandize,goup,climb,takeoff,jump,shootup暴涨,soar,skyrocket

2.表示上升后保持平稳:

flattenout(下降或升高后变平),leveloff

举例:

人口上升后保持平稳:

thenumberofpopulationmountedandleveledoff.

3.表示复苏(下降后再上升):

recover,bounceback

举例:

人口下降后复苏:

thenumberofpopulationdecreasedandrecovered.

4.表示下降:

decrease,decline,descend,drop,fall,godown,comedown,collapse,crash,falloff,slump,plummet,plunge,slide,shrink,dwindle,diminish

5.表示下降后保持平稳:

bottomout,flattenout(下降或升高后变平)

举例:

人口下降后保持平稳:

thenumberofpopulationdecreasedandbottomedout.

6.表示稳定或水平:

remainsteady/constant,staystable,stabilize,flattenout(下降或升高后变平),leveloff,stayatthesamelevel,besimilarto,thereislittle/hardlyany/nochange

举例:

thenumberofpopulationstayedstable./thenumberofpopulationremainedsteady.

7.表示波动:

fluctuate

8.表示在底部:

reachalowpoint,bottomout,reachthebottom,reachtherock,hitatrough

9.表示在顶部:

reachapeak,peak,topout,reachthehighestpoint/thetop/thesummit/themost,peakin/at,reachthezenith

举例:

人口到达了顶峰:

thenumberofpopulationpeaked/reacheditssummit/reacheditszenith.

10.经典例句:

remainsteady/staystable/leveloff/bottomout/peak/reachitspeak/reachitszenith后面需要使用的是at.

1.人口在500万上保持平稳:

Thenumberofpopulationremainedsteadyat5million.

2.人口在800万时到达了顶峰:

Thenumberofpopulationpeakedat8million.

3.下降后,人口在400万保持平稳:

Afterdecreasing,thenumberofpopulationbottomedoutat4million.

4.上升后,人口在700万保持平稳:

Aftermounting,thenumberofpopulationleveledoffat7million.

上升/下降后面使用to(到)和by(了)

1.人口下降到200万:

numberofpopulationdecreasedto2million.

2.人口下降了200万:

numberofpopulationdecreasedby2million.

3.人口上升到1000万:

numberofpopulationincreasedto10million.

4.人口上升了500万:

numberofpopulationincreasedby5million.

recover的后面大家需要使用的是from

人口在200万时开始复苏:

Thenumberofpopulationrecoveredfrom2million.

fluctuate的后面大家需要连接between…and…

人口在20和100亿之间波动:

Thenumberofpopulationfluctuatedbetween2and10billion.

形容词和副词—变化程度

abrupt(ly)(突然),sudden(ly)(突然),dramatic(ally)(急剧),drastic(ally)(急剧),sharp(ly)(急剧),quick(ly)(迅速),rapid(ly)(迅速),marked(ly)(显著),significant(ly)(显著),considerable(considerably)(相当),substantial(ly)(相当)moderate(ly)(适当),gradual(ly)(逐渐),slight(ly)(轻微),slow(ly)(缓慢),steady(steadily)(平缓)

名词

linechart线图,curvediagram曲线图,horizontalaxis横轴,verticalaxis纵轴,plateau(上升下降后的稳定期),recordhigh历史高度,recordlow历史低点,trough(曲线上的)最小值,zenith(最高值),generaltrend,upward/downwardtend

增加:

anincrease,arise,agrowth,animprovement,anupturn,asurge,anupsurge,anupwardtrend

下降:

afall,adecrease,adecline,adrop,adownturn,adownturntrend,lowpoint,reduction

波动:

fluctuation,fluctuate

曲线图常用表达

开头概述常用表达

1)Thelinechartdepictsthechangesinthenumberof_____overtheperiodfrom2000to2004.该曲线图描述了从2000年到2004年_____数量的变化。

2)Thechartprovidessomedataregardingthefluctuationsof_____from2000to2004.该曲线图描述了从2000年到2004年_____的变动。

3)Thegraph,presentedinthecurvediagram,showsthegeneraltrendin_____.该图以曲线图的形式描述了_____总的趋势。

4)Thisisalinechartshowing_____.这是一个曲线图,描述了_____。

5)Ascanbeseenfromthegraph,thetwocurvesshowthefluctuationsof_____.如图所示,两条曲线描述了_____波动的情况。

参看考官范文,研习遣词造句

Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.

Thegraphandtablebelowgiveinformationaboutwateruseworldwideandwaterconsumptionintwodifferentcountries.

Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.Writeatleast150words

Thegraphshowshowtheamountofwaterusedworldwidechangedbetween1900and2000.

Throughoutthecentury,thelargestquantityofwaterwasusedforagriculturalPurposes,andthisincreaseddramaticallyfromabout500km³toaround3,000km³intheyear2000.Waterusedintheindustrialanddomesticsectorsalsoincreased,butconsumptionwasminimaluntilmid-century.From1950onwards,industrialusegrewsteadilytojustover1,000km³,whiledomesticuserosemoreslowlytoonly300km³,bothfarbelowthelevelsofconsumptionbyagriculture.

ThetableillustratesthedifferencesinagricultureconsumptioninsomeareasoftheworldbycontrastingtheamountofirrigatedlandinBrazil(26,500km³)withthatintheD.R.C.(100km²).ThismeansthatahugeamountofwaterisusedinagricultureinBrazil,andthisisreflectedinthefiguresforwaterconsumptionperperson:

359m³comparedwithonly8m³intheCongo.Withapopulationof176million,thefiguresforBrazilindicatehowhighagriculturewaterconsumptioncanbeinsomecountries.(180words)

参看考官范文,研习遣词造句

Thethreegraphsofwheatexportseachshowaquitedifferentpatternbetween1985and1990.ExportsfromAustraliadeclinedoverthefive-yearperiod,whiletheCanadianmarketfluctuatedconsiderably,andtheEuropeanCommunityshowedanincrease.

In1985,Australiaexportedabout15millionsoftonnesofwheatandthefollowingyearthe

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