南海问题 杨燕怡.docx

南海问题 杨燕怡.docx

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南海问题杨燕怡

南海问题欧盟媒体刊发中国驻欧盟使团团长杨燕怡大使南海问题署名文章

Therightapproachtoaddressingovercapacityproblems,fromaChineseperspective

　　ByH.E.AmbassadorYangYanyi,HeadoftheChineseMissiontotheEU

　　（February16,2016）

　　RecentweekshaveseenfurtherworryingmovesinBrussels.TheEuropeanCommissionopenednewanti-dumpinginvestigationsonsteelproductsoriginatingfromChina,andtheEuropeansteelindustryorganisedademonstrationagainstso-calledChinesedumpingontheEUmarketandthegrantingofMarketEconomyStatusforChina.

　　Theprotectionistsentimentisworryingandtheconfrontationalapproachisregrettableandmisleading.

　　Nobodyshouldbeunderanyillusion:

overcapacity,includingexcessivecapacityoftheglobalsteelsector,isoneofthemanychallengesweareallfacedwith.NotonlyhastheEuropeansteelindustrysectorbeenhardhit,ironandsteelindustriesinChinaandmanyotheremergingeconomiesarebearingthebrunt,sufferingbadlyfromexcessiveproductionandflaggingdemand.

　　Accordingtosomeestimates,areductionofovercapacityby30%inthoseindustrieswiththemostexcesscapacity–ironandsteel,coal,cement,shipbuilding,aluminiumandflatglass–isexpectedtoaffecttheemploymentofthreemillionworkers.

　　NottomentionthatChinaisalsoconfrontedwithmanyotherdauntingtasks:

liftingtheremaining70millionpeopleoutofpoverty,advancingindustrialisationtotransformChinaintoapost-industrialsociety,rebalancingtheeconomyfrominvestmentandnetexportstoconsumptionandinnovation.

　　Thesituationisseriousandrequiresaresponse.

　　Butwhatkindofresponse?

Grumble,curse,cutthegroundfromunderothers'feet,retreatintoprotectionismandbeateachother'sthroats?

　　Ifhistoryservesasaguide,theseareunwelcomeifnotirresponsibleresponses.Theymayhelpwithventingone'sangerandfrustrationandobtainshort-termgains,butfailtoserveone'slong-termself-interestandthecommoninterestofall.

　　Obviously,howtorespondtochallengesbelongstothecompetenceofeachandeverycountry.IonlywishtosharewhatwebelievetobethebestpossibleapproachandoptionandwhatChinahasbeendoingandwillcontinuetodowithregardtotheissueonhand.

　　Steelproductionhalted

　　First,digesttheproblemandnotdumpitontoother'sdoorsteps.

　　DevelopmentofthesteelindustryinChinaismainlytomeetitsdomesticdemand,ratherthantoexporttoothercountries.

　　Toeffectivelydealwiththeovercapacityproblems,Chinahastakentoughmeasurestocontrolnewcapacity.Painfulasitis,Chinahascutitssteelindustrycapacitybymorethan90milliontonsoverthepastfewyearsandinvestmentinironandsteelassetsby13%lastyearandthegrowthofChinesesteelproductionhasbasicallycometoahalt.

　　Tocontinuetoaddressovercapacityinaseriousandresolutemanner,Chinahasmadeeliminationofovercapacitythetoppriorityforthisyearandwillcutthesteelindustrycapacitybyanother100-150milliontons.

　　'Zombiecompanies'

　　Second,takethetacklingofovercapacityasanopportunitytoaccelerateeconomicrestructuring.

　　TheChinesewordfor"crises"ismadeupoftwocharacters,crisisandopportunity.

　　Guidedbyourconventionalwisdomthatopportunitiesareembeddedincrisesandthatwemustbegoodatgettingtogripswiththem,Chinaispushingthroughessentialreformsandrestructuringagainstallodds.

　　BeingfullyawarethatmuchofChina'sindustrialovercapacityisheavilyconcentratedatthelowerendofthevaluecurve,wehavetakenrestructuringoftheironandsteelsectoranimportantpartofourendeavourtocompletethedifficulttransitionofmovingChinaawayfromaninvestment-ledeconomytoaconsumer-orientedone.

　　Chinaisactivelyrestructuringthesteelsectorbyeliminatingoutmodedcapacity,creatingexitstrategiesfor"zombiecompanies"basedonmarketrulesandencouragingpromotionofinnovation,technology,qualityandmanagementtomeetproductionsafety,energyconsumptionandenvironmentalprotectionstandards,therebyensuringaneffectivesupplyofhighqualityproducts.

　　Inaddition,wehaveputinplacestrictersupervisionoverlocalauthoritiestoguardagainstexcessproductionandtendencytoprotectenterpriseswithfavourablepolicies.

　　Trainingandrelocatingworkersfornewjobs

　　Third,supporttrainingandrelocatingworkersfornewjobsandbusinessestominimisethenegativeimpactoftransformation.

　　Likeelsewhereintheworld,pressureofglobalisationandreformandrestructuringhasitsimpactsonChinesesociety.Restructuringoftheironandsteelsectorgivesrisetoconcernsandworries.Yet,thereisacommonunderstandingthatthereispaintobetakenforchangeforthebetter.

　　Thistimearound,theChinesegovernmenthastakenupmeasurestohelpredundantlabourchange