湖北高考英语精选练习及答案5.docx

湖北高考英语精选练习及答案5.docx

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湖北高考英语精选练习及答案5

2021年湖北高考英语精选练习及答案（5）

　　阅读理解：

　　Absentemployeescostyoumoneyforsure,butwhataboutsickemployeesthatcometowork?

Moveoverabsenteeism.Itseems“presenteeism”hasbecomeafarworseworkplaceproblemintermsofcausingloss;thatis,lossofemployeeproductivityandlossofemployerdollars.Bytheway,presenteeismcouldmeanthepracticeofworkersworkingwhenillandnotoperatingontheirusuallevelofproductivity.ThetotalcostofinefficiencyofUSemployershasbeenincreasing,rangingfromabout$150to$250billionannually,whilecostofpresenteeismmakesup60percentofthetotalcost.

　　Dualearner（双职工）familiesnowaccountforabout2/3ofallmarriedcouples,upfrom1/3inthe1970s.Withoutastayathomeparenttakingcareofasickchild,moreworkerswillgotoworkwhenillinordertosavetheirlimitedsickdays（付薪病休日）forwhentheirchildrenaresick.

　　Intoday'sworkplaces,someworkersgotoworkwhensickalsobecausetheyfearthefollowing:

appearinglesshardworking,receivingdisciplinaryaction（纪律处分）,orevenlosingtheirjobs.Adayormoreoffcanalsomeancomingbackwithmoreworkloadsormissingworkdeadlines.

　　Accordingtothe2004CCHSurvey,disciplinaryactionremainedthemostcommonlyusedabsencecontrolprogram.Employerswanttheiremployeestobeonthejobanduseasfewsickdaysaspossible,butCCHsaysemployersthatrelyondisciplinaryactionareunknowinglyencouragingpresenteeism.Employersneedtocheckandmakesurethatabsencecontrolprogramsarenotcounterproductive（达不到预期目标的）.Programssuchasdisciplinaryactionmayinfactforcesickemployeestowork,andthiscouldencouragepresenteeism.

　　Besides,setupandcommunicatepoliciestohelpemployeesunderstandunderwhatconditionstheyshouldstayhome,andwhenit'sOKtoreturntowork.Employeesneedtoknowwheretheircompanystandsoncomingtoworkinsick,andhowdoingsocanaffectothers.

　　语篇解读：

本文是一篇说明文。

Presenteeism（假性出勤）是近年来出现的一个新名词，它有很多意思，其中一个是指员工在生病时还继续上班的行为。

有研究表明，假性出勤对企业造成的损失比起旷工还要严重。

　　1.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlysayaboutpresenteeism?

　　A.Thetruemeaningofit.

　　B.Thehugelosscausedbyit.

　　C.Itsdifferencefromabsenteeism.

　　D.Itsconnectionwithlowproductivity.

　　解析：

选B　推理判断题。

综合分析第一段可知，本段着重介绍presenteeism（假性出勤）这一现象对企业造成的严重损失。

　　2.Whydomoreworkingparentsprefertoworkwhenill?

　　A.Tohavetimetocareforsickkids.

　　B.Toenjoymorefamilytimelater.

　　C.Toearnmoremoneyforthefamily.

　　D.Toliveuptoemployers'expectations.

　　解析：

选A　细节理解题。

根据第二段的内容可知，随着双职工家庭的增加，家长无法有一方在家照顾生病的孩子，因此更多的人生病也要上班，为的是把付薪病休日留出来，以备孩子生病时有人照顾。

　　3.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetoabsencecontrolprograms?

　　A.Negative.

　　B.Positive.

　　C.Cautious.

　　D.Confused.

　　解析：

选C　观点态度题。

分析倒数第二段可知，目前纪律处分是控制缺勤最常用的办法，但研究表明它也会鼓励presenteeism（假性出勤）的发生，雇主应该确保控制缺勤的计划不会有消极的影响。

由此可知，作者对于这些计划持谨慎态度。

　　4.Whichofthefollowingsuggestionswilltheauthorgiveemployers?

　　A.Offerlongerpaidsickleave.

　　B.Turnawaythosebreakingtherules.

　　C.Createamorerelaxedatmosphere.

　　D.Teachemployeestherelatedprinciples.

　　解析：

选D　细节理解题。

综合分析最后一段可知，作者建议雇主建立并推广公司的相关政策，以帮助员工们理解什么情况下应该待在家里，什么时候可以回来工作。

也就是使他们明白公司的相关原则。

　　Throughoutmyeducationalyears,despitethekindteachersIhadmet,IneverfeltinterestinwritinguntilImether,Mrs.Kelley.Atfirst,Ibelievedthatwritingwouldstillbemyworstclass.Gradually,myfondnessincreased.Shetaughtthelessoninsuchalivelywayandherwordchoiceimpressedme.Butthatwasnotwhatmadehermyfavorite.Unlikeotherteachers,afterinstructions,shegaveanenormousamountoffreedominwhatwewrote,allowingustocreateourownstoriesusingourimagination.Andthatmatteredmost.

　　Therewasonereallyrevolutionaryevent:

thehistoricalfictionunit.Weweretoinventourownstoriesusingtheperiodweweregiven.WorldWarⅡwasmine.Atthatpoint,Iwasjustlookingforagoodgrade.Ratherthancreatingamundane（平淡的）story,IwantedtomakeastorythatIfeltwasmeaningful.AsIprogressed,IwaspulledfurtherandfurtherintotherealitythatIhadmade.Grammarnolongerexisted,asmyhandsgainedacceleration.WhenItypedthefinalword,myhandstrembledwithexcitement.Briefly,Ireaditoverandthensubmittedthedraft.

　　Inthemidstofanxiousness,Mrs.Kelleyresponded.Shepointedoutsomemistakesandgavesomesuggestions.Sadly,therewerenocommentsofrecognition.Ifixedtheerrorsandmovedon.Butwhenwaitingforthefinalgrade,Ierasedalltheunrealisticthoughtsthatwanderedinmymind.

　　Inthenextclass,surprisingly,afterhandingbackmypaper,Mrs.Kelleymentionedthatmystorywasverygood.Ilookedatherinconfusion.Soonexcitementstirredinsideme.Ifounda“+5”attachedtothescore.Shehadgivenanextrapointin“Plot”，addingan“Excellent!

”Nootherteacherhaddonethis.Onthatday,Ifeltwhatitmeanstobeawriter.Mrs.Kelleyintroducedmetothebeautyofliteratureandmadewritingsoenjoyable.

　　语篇解读：

本文是一篇记叙文。

作者以前一直对写作不感兴趣，在Kelley老师的引导下，他逐渐感受到写作的乐趣，继而全身心投入其中，最终获得了老师的肯定。

　　5.WhatmadeMrs.Kelleysospecialaccordingtotheauthor?

　　A.Herpatienceandkindness.

　　B.Herconfidenceinstudents.

　　C.Hercreativeteachingstyle.

　　D.Herprofessionalknowledge.

　　解析：

选C　细节理解题。

根据第一段中“Unlikeotherteachers,afterinstructions,shegaveanenormousamountoffreedominwhatwewrote,allowingustocreateourownstoriesusingourimagination.”可知，Kelley老师最大的优点在于她的授课方式很有创意，她给予学生充分的自由，允许他们发挥自己的想象力进行写作。

　　6.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusinthesecondparagraph?

　　A.Hewasinterestedinwarthemes.

　　B.Heshouldhavepolishedthefiction.

　　C.Hewasanxioustofinishtheassignment.

　　D.Hedevotedhimselftothewritingprocess.

　　解析：

选D　推理判断题。

根据第二段中“IwantedtomakeastorythatIfeltwasmeaningful.AsIprogressed,IwaspulledfurtherandfurtherintotherealitythatIhadmade.Grammarnolongerexisted,asmyhandsgainedacceleration”可知，本段作者主要介绍他在接到写作任务后，决心要写一篇有意义的作文，于是奋笔疾书，全身心投入写作中。

　　7.HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenMrs.Kelleyrespondedatfirst?

　　A.Excited.

　　B.Worried.

　　C.Surprised.

　　D.Disappointed.

　　解析：

选D　细节理解题。

根据第三段的“Sadly,therewerenocommentsofrecognition.”可知，Kelley老师没有给出认可性的评论，这令作者有些沮丧。

　　8.WhatwasthebiggestbenefittheauthorgotfromMrs.Kelley'sclass?

　　A.Recognizinghistalent.

　　B.Findingthejoyofwriting.

　　C.Determininghislifetimecareer.

　　D.Acquiringpracticalwritingskills.

　　解析：

选B　推理判断题。

根据全文内容特别是最后一段中“Onthatday,Ifeltwhatitmeanstobeawriter.Mrs.Kelleyintroducedmetothebeautyofliteratureandmadewritingsoenjoyable.”可知，在Kelley老师的教导下，作者由原来的不感兴趣到逐渐爱上写作这门课，感受到文学的魅力以及写作的快乐，这是他最大的收获。

　　阅读七选五

　　Livingwithadietthatdoesn'tincludealltheanimalsandanimalbyproducts（副产品）istermedasvegetarianism（素食主义）.Itcontainsdifferenttypesofvegetarians.

　　Thosewhodon'teatmeatofanykind,eggs,milkproducts,orevendon'tconsumeprocessedfoodscontaininganyingredientsfromanimalsaretermedasvegans.__1__Vegetarianswhodon'teatanytypeofanimalmeatoreveneggsbutconsumemilkarecalledlactovegetarians.Vegetarianswhodon'tconsumeanykindofanimalmeatormilkbuteateggsarecalledovovegetarians.

　　Vegetarianismisacceptedandpracticedbymanypeople,buteachonehashisorherreasons.Somepeopledoitforbetterhealth.Theythinkvegetarianismisahealthydiet.__2__Theythinkit'scruelforhumanbeingstokillanimalsfortheirnutritionwhenvegetarianoptionsareavailable.__3__Somereligionsdon'tallowtheirbelieverstoconsumenonvegetarianfood.

　　__4__Forexample,itcanpreventseveraldiseaseslikeheartdiseasesandcancer.Eatingfreshvegetables,fruitandothervegetarianfoodslikewholegrainscanhelpkeepahealthybodyweight.Avegetariandietcanhelpimprovetheprocessofdigestionandthushelpthebodygetridofpoisonouswasteproducts.__5__Manyscientistshavealsostatedthatvegetarianismcontributestoreducingtheeffectsofglobalwarming.

　　A.Therearemanyvegetarians.

　　B.Fruitariansonlyeatfreshfruit.

　　C.Avegetariandiethasmanyhealthbenefits.

　　D.Manypeopledoitbecauseoftheirloveforanimals.

　　E.It'sgoodtohaveavegetariandietbuteatmeatattimes.

　　F.Thus,generallyvegetarianslivelongerthannonvegetarians.

　　G.Manypeoplepracticevegetarianismowingtotheirreligiousbeliefs.

　　1.选B　根据第一段最后一句和本段的内容可知，本段介绍了四类素食者：

vegans,fruitarians,lactovegetarians,ovovegetarians。

本空介绍了果食主义者。

　　2.选D　根据本段第一句的“eachonehashisorherreasons”可知，该段介绍人们素食的原因;空后一句“Theythinkit'scruelforhumanbeingstokillanimalsfortheirnutrition”与D项中“theirloveforanimals”相吻合，故正确答案为D。

　　3.选G　下一句对本空进行进一步的阐述，都是围绕religion这一原因，故正确答案为G。

　　4.选C　根据本段的内容及设空位置可知，本空为本段的中心句。

本段主要讲了素食的益处，故正确答案为C。

5.选F　上文指出，素食可以预防疾病、维持健康体重、促进消化、排出身体的毒素，因此，素食主义者往往寿命更长，故正确答案为F。

　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　Nursingisapopularchoiceforstudentswhodesireapracticalandprofessionaldegreethatwillallowthemtohelppeople.Herearesomebestcollegesforadegreeinnursing.

　　SimmonsCollege

　　SimmonsCollegeisaprivatewomen'scollegefoundedinBostonin1899.Nursingisatoprankingmajoratthecollegeaswellasthemostpopular.TheaveragenursinggraduatefromSimmonsmakes$58,000intheirearlycareer.

　　VillanovaUniversity

　　VillanovaisaprivateresearchuniversitylocatedinPhiladelphia.Nursingisapopularmajor,andstudentsareofferedanonlinedegreeaswell.TheaveragenursinggraduatefromVillanovamakes$63,000intheirearlycareer.

　　UniversityofCaliforniaLosAngeles（UCLA）

　　TheUCLASchoolofNursingisknownforitsexcellenteducationprovidedbysomeleadersinthemedicalfield.Thefouryearprogramsallowstudentstofocusonmedicalissuesthroughclassroomlearningandclinicaltraining.CompletionoftheB.S.（理学士）degreeinnursingpreparesstudents