材料科学与工程专业英语课件.ppt

材料科学与工程专业英语课件.ppt

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HubeiUniversityofAutomotiveHubeiUniversityofAutomotiveHubeiUniversityofAutomotiveHubeiUniversityofAutomotiveTechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnologySpecialtyEnglish11、语法较为简单，多用被动语态，从句等。

、语法较为简单，多用被动语态，从句等。

22、专有名词多，有规律可循（构词法）（读音较、专有名词多，有规律可循（构词法）（读音较为复杂，无规律）为复杂，无规律）33、写作要求清晰明了、写作要求清晰明了如何学习？

如何学习？

（11）记忆常见科技词汇（构词法）记忆常见科技词汇（构词法）（22）多阅读科技文章，学习如何用英语表达。

避）多阅读科技文章，学习如何用英语表达。

避免自创的新奇语句。

免自创的新奇语句。

（33）课后练习翻译，写作（）课后练习翻译，写作（PracticemakesPracticemakesperfect.perfect.）CharacteristicsofSpecialtyEnglishChapter1MaterialsandHeatTreatmentReadingandanswerquestionsThenewwordsyoumaybemeet:

metallic金属的金属的corrosion腐蚀腐蚀ductile延展延展ballbearing滚珠轴承滚珠轴承multiphase多相多相wrought加工的，精细的加工的，精细的malleable可锻的可锻的有延展性的有延展性的FerrousAlloysArbitrary专横的，独断的，任意的Smelt熔炼，精炼Intricate复杂的，精巧的Combination结合，合并，化合物FerrousAlloysMorethan90%byweightofthemetallicmaterialsusedbyhumanbeingsareferrousalloys.Thisrepresentsanimmensefamilyofengineeringmaterialswithawiderangeofmicrostructureandrelatedproperties.FerrousAlloysThemajorityofengineeringdesignsthatrequirestructuralloadsupportorpowertransmissioninvolveferrousalloys.asapracticalmatter,thesealloysfallintotwobroadcategoriesbasedonthecarboninthealloycomposition.FerrousAlloysSteelgenerallycontainsbetween0.05wand2.0wcarbon.Thecastironsgenerallycontainbetween2.0wand4.5wcarbon.Withinthesteelcategory,weshalldistinguishwhetherornotasignificantamountofalloyingelementsotherthancarbonisused.对于钢的区分，我们要弄清楚的是是否含有有效量的合金元素而不是对于钢的区分，我们要弄清楚的是是否含有有效量的合金元素而不是碳的含量。

碳的含量。

FerrousAlloysFerrousAlloysAcompositionof5wtotalnoncarbonadditionswillserveasanarbitraryboundarybetweenlowalloyandhighalloysteels.FerrousAlloysThesealloyadditionsarechosencarefullybecausetheyinvariablybringwiththemsharplyincreasedmaterialcosts.TheyarejustifiedonlybyessentialimprovementsinpropertiessuchashigherstrengthorimprovedcorrosionresistancequestionsHowdoyoudistinguishsteelfromcastiron?

Howdoyoudistinguishlowalloysteelfromhighalloysteel?

1.1.1IronandSteelTheearthcontainsalargenumberofmetalswhichareusefultoman.Oneofthemostimportantoftheseisiron.Modernindustryneedsconsiderablequantitiesofthismetal,eitherintheformofironorintheformofsteel.1.1.1IronandSteelAcertainnumberofnon-ferrousmetals,includingaluminumandzinc,arealsoimportant,buteventodaythemajorityofourengineeringproductsareofironorsteel.Moreover,ironpossessesmagneticproperties,whichhavemadethedevelopmentofelectricalpowerpossible.1.1.1IronandSteelTheironorewhichwefindonearthisnotpure.Itcontainssomeimpuritiesthatmustberemovedbysmelting.Theprocessofsmeltingconsistsofheatingtheoreinablastfurnacewithcokeandlimestone,andreducingittometal.Blastsofhotairenterthefurnacefromthebottomandprovidetheoxygenthatisnecessaryforthereductionoftheore.1.1.1IronandSteelTheorebecomesmolten,anditsoxidescombinewithcarbonfromthecoke.Thenon-metallicconstituentsoftheorecombinewiththelimestonetoformaliquidslag.Thisfloatsontopofthemolteniron,andpassedoutofthefurnacethroughatap.Themetalwhichremainsispigiron.1.1.1IronandSteelWecanmeltthisdownagaininanotherfurnace-acupola-withmorecokeandlimestone,andtapitoutintoaladleordirectlyintomolds.Thisiscastiron.Castirondoesnothavethestrengthofsteel.Itisbrittleandmayfractureundertension.1.1.1IronandSteelButitpossessescertainpropertiesthatmakeitveryusefulinthemanufactureofmachinery.Inthemoltenstateitisveryfluid,therefore,itiseasytocastitintointricateshapes.Alsoitiseasytomachineit.Castironcontainssmallproportionofothersubstances.1.1.1IronandSteelThesenon-metallicconstituentsofcastironincludecarbon,siliconandsulphur,andthepresenceofthesesubstancesaffectsthebehaviorofthemetal.Ironwhichcontainsanegligiblequantityofcarbon,forexample,wroughtironbehavesdifferentlyfromironwhichcontainsalotofcarbon.1.1.1IronandSteelThecarbonincastironispresentpartlyasfreegraphiteandpartlyasachemicalcombinationofironandcarbonwhichiscalledcementite.Thisisaveryhardsubstance,anditmakestheironhardtoo.1.1.1IronandSteelHowever,ironcanonlyholdabout1.5%ofcementite.Anycarboncontentabovethatpercentageispresentoftheformofaflakygraphite.1.1.1IronandSteelSteelcontainsnofreegraphite,anditscarboncontentrangesfromalmostnothingto1.5%.Wemakewireandtubingfrommildsteelwithaverylowcarboncontent,anddrillsandcuttingtoolsfromhighcarbonsteel.questionsHowisthesteelmade?

Ifyouwanttohaveahighstrengthironbasedmaterial,whatshouldyoudo?

Whatisthefunctionofthecokewhenproducingpigiron?

Whatisthedifferencebet