届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之十九19页word版答案含有解析.docx
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届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之十九19页word版答案含有解析
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之十九
[一]
WhenCuriewas10yearsold,in1878,hermotherdiedoftuberculosis(结核病).ThePolishgirlthenknownasManyaSklodowskacarriedonwithherschoolworkasifnothinghadhappened,butformonthsshe'dfindplacestohidesoshecouldcryhereyesout.
Atage18,shelandedajobasgoverness(家庭教师)toawealthyfamilynearWarsaw.SheendedupfallinginlovewithCasimirZorawski,anaccomplishedstudentof19withwhomshesharedaloveofnatureandscience.ButwhenCasimirannouncedthatheandManyawantedtomarry,hisfatherthreatenedtodisinherit(剥夺……的继承权)him.Fouryearsdraggedby.Finally,ManyatoldCasimir,"Ifyoucannotdecide,Icannotdecideforyou."
MarieandPierre,whomshemarriedin1895,didindeedworksidebysidelateintothenight.ButtheirlabwassoshabbyanddankthattheirdaughterIrene,atagethree,calledit"thatsad,sadplace."Andoneprominentscientistsaidthathadhenotseentheworktable,hewouldhavethoughthewasinastable(马厩).
EvenbeforewinningtheNobel,Pierrewasseverelyillfromexposuretothisfierceenergy.Hehadopensores(溃疡)onhishandsandfingers,andincreasingdifficultywalking.In1906,hefellintothepathofawagondrawnbytwohugedrafthorses,andawheelranoverhishead.Hediedinstantly.
Mariewasjust38.TheSundayafterthefuneral,insteadofstayingwithfamilyandfriends,shereturnedtothelab.InherdiaryshewrotePierre:
"Iwanttotalktoyouinthesilenceofthislaboratory,whereIdidnotthinkIcouldlivewithoutyou."
LatershewentbacktotheRadiumInstitutesheestablished,teaching,travelingandlecturinguntilherdeath,atage66,onJuly4,1934.
1.Whenhermotherdied,ManyaSklodowska.
A.feltasifnothinghadhappened
B.couldnotcarryonwithherschoolwork
C.wasverysad
D.hidherselfinanunknownplace
2.In1886allofthefollowinghappenedtoManyaEXCEPT.
A.Sheworkedasagoverness.
B.Shefellinlovewithayoungmanwithcommoninterests.
C.Hisfatherwasagainsttheirmarriage.
D.Shegaveuptheyoungman.
3.Mariemarriedattheageof.
A.18B.19C.27D.38
4.AfterPierre'sdeath,Curie.
A.oftentalkedtohiminthesilenceofthelaboratory.
B.couldn'tlivewithouthim.
C.lefttheirlabforever.
D.wentonwithherwork.
5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.
A.Casimirdidn'tloveManya.
B.Mariedidn'tlovePierre.
C.Pierredidn'tsupportCurie'swork.
D.MarieandPierrelovedeachotherdeeply.
参考答案:
1.C从第一段最后一句话中可以看出,她为母亲的去世感到非常悲伤。
2.D从第二段倒数一、二句中可以看出,因为那是四年以后的事了。
3.C根据第一段第一句可以算出她出生于1868年,再根据第三段第一句可算出她结婚时为27岁。
4.D根据倒数第二段可以排除前三项,倒数第一段证实了D项正确。
5.D根据第三段第一句中的worksidebyside和倒数第二段最后一句中的IdidnotthinkIcouldlivewithoutyou可以判断出来。
[二]
Sevenofusboughtanoldhouseontheedgeoftownnotfarfrommyhome.Wecalleditthe"lodge(支部)"andtriedtohaveacoupleof"lodgemeetings"permonth.ClearlynotsoforgetfuloftheirdebtsormoneyasI,theothermembersseemedtobeabletocomewithouttheirwivesrefusing.Onceinawhile,onewouldbringsomethingtoeat.MinealwayswouldshoutedatmeevenifIcamehomewith$250,which,tobehonest,happenedonlyacoupleoftimes.
Oneafternoon,while50milesawayonbusiness,IhadcalledtotellmywifeI'dbe45minuteslatefordinner.ShesaidokaybutaskedmetostopbythesupermarketwhenIgotintotowntogetsomethingtastefulforacooleveningofTVviewing.Atthestore,Icameacrossoneofmyfriendswhowasgambling(赌)somebeerandsoonforapokergamethatevening.Whenhesaidtheyreallyneededme,Isaidokay"Butonlyforonehour."
Iwenttothepayphoneand,callingmywife,saidthatIwasheldbacksomewhere18milesaway.IwasdrivingwhensomethingwentwrongwiththecarbutfortunatelyIhadfoundsomeonewhowouldhavemeontheroadagainwithinacoupleofhours.ButIhadtopauseasanoisyfiretruckwentby,andthenmywifesaid"Listen,I'mnotbuyingyourstoryandyou'vegotjust10minutestogethomeoryou'llfindyourclothesandluggageinthefrontyard."
Itdidn'ttakemethatlongtogethomeandfacemywife.ButitwasseveraldaysbeforeIlearnedwhatmadeherthinkIwaslying.Itwasthatboringfiretruck.Shenotonlyhearditsnoisethroughthetelephone,butalsoheardtheactualhornandsiren(警报器)asthetruckpassedourneighborhood!
1.The“lodge”.
A.is50milesfrommyhome
B.is18milesfrommyhome.
C.isveryfarfrommyhome.
D.isverynearfrommyhome.
2.What’stheirwives’attitudetowardsthem?
A.Alltheirwivesareagainstthem.
B.Alltheirwivesareforthem.
C.Theothermembers’wivesareagainstthem.
D.Theauthor’swifeisagainsthim.
3.Iftheauthordidn’tgohomerightaway,hiswifewould.
A.gotogethimhomeherself.
B.getdivorcedfromhim.
C.throwhisclothesandluggageoutofthehouse.
D.killhim.
4.Theunderlinedpart“I’mnotbuyingyourstory”inparagraph3means.
A.Idon’twanttobuythething.
B.Idon’tbelieveyou.
C.Ican’thearyouclearly.
D.Iwanttosellsomething.
参考答案:
1.D细节理解题。
从文章的第一句中可以看出。
2.D细节理解题。
从第一段最后一句“Minealwayswouldshoutedatme”中可以看出。
3.C细节理解题。
从第三段最后一句“andyou’vegotjust10minutestogetyourasshomeoryou’ll---”中可以看出。
4.B句意猜测题。
根据全文最后一句可以推断出。
[三]
Thefutureofourplanetisatstake.Ifwedonotactnow,wemayneverbeabletosavetheearth.Thereisgoodnewstoo:
wecanmakeadifference.Wemaythinkthatwhatwedoinoureverydaylifehasnoeffectonbigproblems,suchasenvironmentalpollution.Nothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.Itisexactlywhatwedo--youandI--thatchangestheworld.ItisimportanttohavebigmeetingsliketheEarthSummittoeducatepeopleandmakethemawareofthesituation,butnothingwillbeimproveduntilordinarypeoplelikeyouandmestartactingdifferently.OnepersonwholearntabouttheimportanceoftakingactionisLiaoMingyufromShenzhen.In2002,thethen11-year-oldMingyuwentonajourneythatshewouldneverforget.AfterhavingbeenchosentorepresentallchildrenintheworldbytheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme,shetravelledtotheEarthSummitinJohannesburg,SouthAfrica.
Togetherwithfourotherchildren,Mingyuappearedonthestageattheopeningceremony.Theyexpressedbothhopesandfearsaboutthefuture.Mingyuandtwootherchildrenmadeaspeechinwhichtheyaskedthegovernmentsoftheworldtodomoretoprovideaccesstocleandrinkingwaterandtotakeactiontoreducepollutionandimprovehealthcare.
WhenaskedabouttheexperienceinaninterviewwithChinaDaily,Mingyusaidthatshehopesthatadultswilllistentowhatyoungpeoplehavetosay.Theleadersatthesummitapplaudedthespeech,butforMingyu,thatisnotenough:
"Idon'tknowiftheywilllistenandtakeaction.Theyprobablywill."
Mingyu'sjourneytoJohannesburgisonlyasmallpartoftheactionsheistaking.Eversincesheenteredprimaryschool,shehasbeenatrueactivist.Herschoolhasmadeenvironmentalprotectionpartofwhatthestudentshavetolearn.Sheandherclassmateslookforwaystoimprovetheenvironmentandtheyremindtheirparentsandotheradultsofthedangerofkeepingenvironmentallyunfriendlyhabits.
Ifwechangeourhabits,ifwerefusetobuyproductsfromcompaniesthatharmtheenvironment,andifwelearnmoreandtakeaction,wecansavetheplanet.ForMingyu,herjourneywasonlyabeginning.Therealwork,shesays,startswhenshegoesbacktohernormallife:
"OnethingIhavelearntfromthisexperienceisthatenvironmentalprotectionisreallyimportant.WhenIgetback,Iamgoingtotellmyclassmatesofwaystoprotecttheenvironment."
1.LiaoMingyuwasbornin.
A.1972B.1991
C.1981D.2002
2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A.FourchildreninallattendedtheopeningceremonyoftheEarthSummit.
B.Threechildrenmadeaspeechattheconference.
C.Thegovernmentsoftheworldhavedoneenoughtoprovideaccesstocleandrinkingwater.
D.Alloftheabove.
3.What'sthelisteners'attitudestowardsthechildren'sspeech?
A.Theydidn'tlistentothespeech.
B.Theythoughtthespeechwasofnoimportance.
C.Theywilllistenandtakeaction.
D.Theythoughthighlyofthespeech.
4.Noneofthefollowingistrueexcept.
A.protectingtheenvironmentisnotaproblemthatcanonlybesolvedbythegovernment.
B.enviromentalproblemsaresolvedbybigmeetingsliketheEarthSummit.
C.onlybytakingactioncanweimprovethesituation.
D.adultsdonotcareabouttheenvironment.
5.Allofthefollowingstatementsiswrongexcept.
A.LiaoMingyudoesnotthinkthatmostleaderscareabouttheenvironment.
B.nobodylistenstowhatchildrenhavetosayabouttheenvironment.
C.studentsaretooyoungtounderstanddifficultissuessuchasenvironmentalprotection.
D.LiaoMingyuandherclassmatestrytotakeactiontoprotecttheenvironment.
参考答案:
1.B从第一段倒数第二句中可以看出。
2.B从第二段中可以看出。
3.D从第三段第二句中可以看出。
4.C从第五段第一句中可以看出。
5.D从全文最后一句中可以看出。
[四]
VANCOUVER,BritishColumbia-MikeRowethinksit'sfunnythathisattractivenameforaWebsitedesigncompanysoundsalotlikeMicrosoft.
Thesoftwaregiant,however,isnotpleased.
"SincemynameisMikeRowe,Ithoughtitwouldbefunnytoadd'soft'totheendofit,"saidRowe,a17-year-oldcomputerloverandGrade12studentinVictoria,BritishColumbia.
MicrosoftCorp.anditslawyershavedemandedthathegiveuphisnetname,theVancouverProvincenewspaperreportedSunday.
Roweregistered(注册)thenameinAugust.InNovember,hereceivedaletterfromMicrosoft'sCanadia