普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题上海卷解析版.docx
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普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题上海卷解析版
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（上海卷，解析版）
考生注意：
1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第1卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13页），
全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上
一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
第1卷（共105分）
3.A.Doctorandpatient.B.Shopownerandcustomer.
C.Secretaryandboss.D.Receptionistandguest.
4.A.Hewouldhavethrown$300around.B.$300isnotenoughfortheconcert.
C.Sandyshouldn'thavegiventhatmuch.D.Davemustbemadwiththemoney
8.A.Hedoesn'tmindhelpingthewoman.
B.Hehesitateswhethertohelpornot.
C.He'llhelpifthewomandoesn'tmind
D.Hecan'thelpmovethecupboard.
9.A.He'splanningtofindanewjob.
B.Hepreferstokeephishouseinamess.
C.He'stoobusytocleanhishouse
D.Hehasalreadycleanedhisnewhouse,
10.A.Shedoesn'tagreewiththeman.
B.Sheisgoodatfindingaplacetostay.
C.Shecouldhardlyfindthetruth.
D.ShehadnotravelexperienceinBritain.
SectionB
11.A.Usethecompany'sequipment.B.Giveorderstorobots
C.Makedecisionsforthecompany.D.ActasBigBrother.
12.A.Employeesgainfullfreedom.B.Employeessuspectoneanother.
C.Employees'childrenarehappy.D.Employeesenjoyworkingthere.
13.A.Reward.B.Safety.C.Trust.D.Honesty
Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage
14.A.Canadahadasmallerpopulation.B.LandwascheaperinCanada.C.TheywantedtocontinuetheRevolution.D.TheywereagainstBritain.
15.A.TheystandardizedCanadianEnglish.
B.TheysettledthereaftertheRevolution.
C.Theyenjoyaveryhighsocialposition.
D.Theymakeupasmallpartofthepopulation
16.A.Itisconsidereduniquetosomeextent.B.ItisgreatlyinfluencedbyFrench.
C.ItismainlylinkedtoBritishculture.D.Itdatesbacktothelate17thcentury.
SectionC
Directions:
InSectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswillbereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.
Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.
Completetheform.WriteONEWORDforeachanswer.
ClassRegistrationForm
Name:
AndrewSmith
Department:
The____17_______Department
StudentID:
_____18______
Class:
The____19____class
Time:
__________,2:
00----4:
00p.m
Blanks21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.
Completetheform.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.
WhatwasspecialabouttheExperimentgroup?
Thememberswerefromdifferentcitieswithdifferent_____21_____andcultures.
WhatdidthegirllearnfromtheExperiment?
Differentpeoplecanbe____22_____.
Howdidthehostfamilytreatthegirl?
Theytreatedheras_____23_____.
Whydidthegirlsaylanguageisnotalwaysimportant?
Sometimes____24____cansaymorethanwords.
II.GrammarandVocabulary
SectionA
Directions:
BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.
25.passion,peoplewon'thavethemotivationorthejoynecessaryforcreativethinking.
A.For.B.WithoutC.BeneathD.By
26.Ishonestythebestpolicy?
We_thatitiswhenwearelittle.
A.willteachB.teachC.aretaughtD.willbetaught
27.AsJacklefthismembershipcardathome,hewasn'tallowedintothesportsclub.
A.goingB.togoC.goD.gone
【答案】B
【解析】此处是allowsbtodosth的被动语态形式，即sbisallowedtodosth。
句意：
因为杰克把会员卡落在家里了，所以不允许他进体育俱乐部。
【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。
28.Thenewlawstatesthatpeople_______driveafterdrinkingalcohol.
A.wouldn'tB.needn'tC.won'tD.mustn't
【答案】D
【解析】此处mustn’t意为：
禁止。
句意：
新的法律规定：
人们不准酒后驾车。
【考点定位】考查情态动词的用法。
29.Onlywiththegreatestofluck_toescapefromtherisingfloodwaters.
A.managedsheB.shemanagedC.didshemanageD.shedidmanage
30.-IhearthatJasonisplanningtobuyacar.
-Iknow.Bynextmonth,he_enoughforausedone.
A.willhavesavedB.willbesavingC.hassavedD.saves【答案】A
【解析】此处解题关键是：
bynextmonth是将来的时间状语，所以用将来完成时。
句意：
---我听说Jason计划买一辆车。
---我知道。
到下个月，他就攒够了足够的钱买一辆二手车。
【考点定位】考查动词时态。
31.Whenhetookhisglovesoff,Inoticedthatonehadhisnamewritteninside.
A.eachB.everyC.otherD.another
【答案】A
【解析】此处each意为：
每一个，强调个体。
句意：
当他摘下手套，我注意到每个人的手上都写着他的名字。
【考点定位】考查代词的用法。
32.Ihaveatightbudgetforthetrip,soI'mnotgoingtofly_theairlineslowerticketprices.
A.onceB.ifC.afterD.unless
33.WhenPeterspeaksinpublic,healwayshastrouble_therightthingstosay.
A.thinkingofB.tothinkofC.thoughtofD.thinkof.
【答案】A
【解析】解题关键：
havetroubleindoingsth，此处in可以省略。
句意：
当Peter当众讲话的时候，他总是很难想起该说的话。
【考点定位】考查非谓语动词的用法。
34.Thereismuchtruthintheidea_kindnessisusuallyservedbyfrankness.
A.whyB.whichC.thatD.whether
【答案】C
【解析】此处theidea是抽象名词，后面的同位语从句说明其内容。
句意：
这个想法有许多哲理，坦诚为善良服务。
【考点定位】考查同位语从句。
35.Haveyousentthank-younotestotherelativesfrom__youreceivedgifts?
A.whichB.themC.thatD.whom
【答案】D
【解析】此处是介词前置的定语从句。
句意：
你给送给你礼物的亲戚发了感谢信了吗？
【考点定位】考查定语从句的关系词。
36.Theclub,__25yearsago,isholdingapartyforpastandpresentmembers.
A.foundedB.foundingC.beingfoundedD.tobefounded
37.----Wasitbycuttingdownstaff__shesavedthefirm?
-----No,itwasbyimprovingworkefficiency.
A.whenB.whatC.howD.that
【答案】D
【解析】此处是强调句型的一般疑问句形式，bycuttingdownstaff是被强调的部分。
句意：
通过减员她挽救了这家公司。
【考点定位】考查强调句型。
38.-We'veonlygotthissmallbookcase.Willthatdo?
-No,__Iamlookingforissomethingmuchbiggerandstronger.
A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which
【答案】C
【解析】此处whatIamlookingfor是主语从句，what在主语从句中作for的宾语。
句意：
我正在找的是比这更大、更结实的书柜。
【考点定位】考查名词性从句的连接词。
39."Genius"isacomplicatedconcept,__manydifferentfactors.
A.involvedB.involvingC.toinvolveD.beinginvolved
【答案】B
【解析】此处是现在分词作定语，相当于一个定语从句，whichinvolvesmanydifferentfactors.句意：
天才是一个很复杂的概念，它和许多不同的因素相关。
【考点定位】考查非谓语动词的用法。
40.Themapisoneofthebesttoolsamanhas__hegoestoanewplace.
A.wheneverB.whateverC.whereverD.however
SectionB
Directions:
Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
A.maintainedB.seriousC.indicationsD.figuresE.anxious
F.concernGcrisisH.decidedI.availableJ.reversed
Filmgoersshouldbetoldhowmanycaloriesthereareinthepopcorn,icecreamandsoftdrinksthattheybuyincinemas,accordingtotheFoodStandardAgency.
HespokeasanumberoffoodchainssuchasPretAManger,WimpeyandTheRealGreek44toputcaloriecountsonalltheirmenus.
Atrialscheme（试行方案）with21foodcompaniestookplacelastsummer,and45arethatconsumersalteredtheirbuyinghabitswhentheyrealisedthenumberofcaloriesinaproduct.
Aconsultation（征询意见）onthetrialendsnextmonthbutMrSmithisalreadyplanningtheseconddriveforAmerican-stylecaloriecountsandis46towinsupportfromcinemasandotherentertainmentplaces,fromfootballgroundstoconcerthalls.
Government47suggestthattwothirdsofadultsandathirdofchildrenareoverweight.Iftrendsarenot48,thiscouldrisetoalmostnineintenadultsandtwothirdsofchildrenby2050,puttingthemat49riskofheartdisease,cancerandotherdiseases.
44.【答案】H
【解析】他谈到许多如PretAManger,WimpeyandTheRealGreek食品连锁店决定在所有菜单上标明卡路里数量。
【考点定位】考查动词词义。
45.【答案】C
【解析】indication意为：
迹象。
有迹象表明，当他们意识到产品上面的卡路里数量时，消费者改变他们的购买习惯。
【考点定位】考查名词词义。
46.【答案】E
【解析】anxious意为“渴望的”。
渴望赢得电影院的支持。
【考点定位】考查形容词词义。
47.【答案】D
【解析】figure意为“数字”。
政府数字表明2/3的青年和1/3的儿童超重。
【考点定位】考查名词词义。
III.ReadingComprehension
SectionA
Directions:
ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.
sometimeshedidnot.Inthissituation,thevictimwasmorelikelyto52aidifhisfacewasspotlessthanifhehadanunattractivebirthmark.In53theseandotherresearchfindings,twothemesare54:
wearemorewillingtohelppeoplewelikeforsomereasonandpeoplewethink55assistance.
Insomesituations,thosewhoarephysicallyattractivearemorelikelytoreceiveaid.56,inafieldstudyresearchersplacedacompletedapplicationtograduateschoolinatelephoneboxattheairport.Theapplicationwasreadytobe57,buthadapparentlybeen"lost".Thephotoattachedtotheapplicationwassometimesthatofavery58personandsometimesthatofalessattractiveperson.Themeasureofhelpingwaswhethertheindividualwhofoundtheenvelopeactuallymaileditornot.Resultsshowedthatpeopleweremorelikelyto59theapplicationifthepersoninthephotowasphysicallyattractive.
Thedegreeof60betweenthepotentialhelperandthepersoninneedisalsoimportant.Forexample,peoplearemorelikelytohelpastrangerwhoisfromthesamecountryratherthanaforeigner.Inonestudy,shoppersonabusystreetinScotlandweremorelikelytohelpapersonwearinga（n）61T-shirtthanapersonwearingaT-shirtprintedwithoffensivewords.
Whetherapersonreceiveshelpdependsinpartonthe"worth"ofthecase.Forexample,shoppersinasupermarketweremorelikelytogivesomeone.62tobuymilkratherthantobuycookies,probablybecausemilkisthoughtmoreessentialfor63thancookies.PassengersonaNewYorksubwayweremorelikelytohelpamanwhofelltothegroundifheappearedtobe64ratherthandrunk.
58.A.talentedB.good-lookingC.helpfulD.hard-working
59.A.sendinB.throwawayC.filloutD.turndown
60.A.similarityB.friendshipC.cooperationD.contact
61.A.expensiveB.plainC
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