英语4级词汇.docx
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英语4级词汇
随着经济的繁荣withtheboomingoftheeconomy
随着人民生活水平的显著提高withtheremarkableimprovementofpeople'slivingstandard
先进的科学技术advancedscienceandtechnology
为我们日常生活增添了情趣addmuchspice/flavortoourdailylife
人们普遍认为Itiscommonlybelievedthat…
我同意前者(后者)观点Igivemyvotetotheformer/latteropinion.
引起了广泛的公众关注Sth.hasarousedwidepublicconcern./Sthhasdrawngreatpublicattention.
不可否认Itisundeniablethat…
热烈的讨论/争论aheateddiscussion/debate
有争议性的问题acontroversialissue
就我而言/就个人而言AsfarasIamconcerned,/Personally,
有充分的理由支持besupportedbysoundreasons
双方的论点argumentonbothsides
发挥日益重要作用playanincreasinglyimportantrolein…
对…必不可少beindispensableto…
正如谚语所说Astheproverbgoes:
对…产生有利/不利的影响exertpositive/negativeeffectson…
利远远大于弊Theadvantagesfaroutweighthedisadvantages.
导致,引起leadto/giveriseto/contributeto/resultin
复杂的社会现象acomplicatedsocialphenomenon
责任感/成就感senseofresponsibility/achievement
竞争与合作精神senseofcompetitionandcooperation
开阔眼界widenone'shorizon/broadenone'svision
学习知识和技能acquireknowledgeandskills
经济/心理负担financialburden/psychologicalburden
考虑到诸多因素takemanyfactorsintoconsideration
从另一个角度fromanotherperspective
做出共同努力makejointefforts
对…有益bebeneficialto/beconduciveto…
为社会做贡献makecontributionstothesociety
打下坚实的基础layasolidfoundationfor…
综合素质comprehensivequality
致力于/投身于becommitted/devotedto…
应当承认Admittedly,
不可推卸的义务unshakableduty
满足需求satisfy/meettheneedsof...
可靠的信息源areliablesourceofinformation
宝贵的自然资源valuablenaturalresources
因特网theInternet(一定要由冠词,字母I大写)
方便快捷convenientandefficient
在人类生活的方方面面inallaspectsofhumanlife
环保的材料environmentallyfriendlymaterials
社会进步的体现asymbolofsocietyprogress
大大方便了人们的生活Sthhasgreatlyfacilitatedpeople'slives.
对这一问题持有不同态度holddifferentattitudestowardsthisissue
在一定程度上tosomeextent
理论和实践相结合integratetheorywithpractice
…必然趋势anirresistibletrendof…
日益激烈的社会竞争theincreasinglykeensocialcompetition
眼前利益immediateinterest/short-terminterest
长远利益long-teminterest
…有其自身的优缺点…hasitsownmeritsanddemerits/prosandcons
对…有害doharmto/beharmfulto/bedetrimentalto
交流思想/情感/信息exchangeideas/emotions/information
跟上…的最新发展keeppacewith/keepabreastwiththelatestdevelopmentof…
…的健康发展thehealthydevelopmentof…
重视attachgreatimportanceto…
社会地位socialstatus
把时间和精力放在…上focusone'stimeandenergyon…
扩大知识面expandone'sscopeofknowledge
身心两方面bothphysicallyandmentally
有直接/间接关系bedirectly/indirectlyrelatedto…
导致很多问题giveriseto/leadto/spellvariousproblems
可以替代think的词believe,claim,maintain,argue,insist,holdtheopinion/belief/viewthat
缓解压力/减轻负担relievestress/burden
优先考虑/发展…give(top)prioritytosth.
与…比较comparedwith…/incomparisonwith
可降解的/可分解的材料degradable/decomposablematerial
代替replace/substitute/taketheplaceof
提供就业机会offerjobopportunities
反映了社会进步的mirrorthesocialprogress/advance
增进相互了解enhance/promotemutualunderstanding
充分利用makefulluseof/takeadvantageof
承受更大的工作压力sufferfromheavierworkpressure
保障社会稳定和繁荣guaranteethestabilityandprosperityofoursociety
更多地强调putmoreemphasison…
适应社会发展adaptoneselftothesocialdevelopment
实现梦想realizeone'sdream
主要理由列举如下Themain/leadingreasonsarelistedasfollows:
我们还有很长的路要走Westillhavealongwaytogo.
一.上升增长
1.…addupto…增加了
eg.Thetotalamountof…addedupto14billionpounds(14%)in1994.
2.tojumpto/tosoarto……一跃达到/猛增到…
eg.Thetotalworkingdayslostsoaredto10millionin1979.
3.…anincreaseofabout…percentascomparedwith……与…相比大约增加了…
eg.InAugustasmanyas39caraccidentswerereported,indicatinganincreaseofabout79%ascomparedwiththenumberofJanuary.
4.…toexperienceanincrease/incline…有了增长
eg.Tobaccoconsumptionisexperiencinganincline.
二.下降,减少
1.…tosink/drop/reduceto…减少到…
eg.Therateofstrikessank/droppedtothelowestpointin1979.
2.…toexperienceadecrease/decline…有了减少
eg.Tobaccoconsumptionisexperiencingadecrease.注意:
修饰上升/减少的副词有:
rapidlyslowlydramaticallyrespectively表达上升/减少的最后状态的词有:
thehighestpeakthelowestpoint10million10%
三.起伏
1.…togoupanddown…起伏不定
eg.Thestrikeratewentupanddownduringtheperiodfrom1952to1967.
2.Therebeupsanddowns…有起有伏
eg.Between1972and1979,therewereseveralupsanddownsin(某方面).
四.稳定
1.…toremainsteady/level/unchanged…保持稳定,几乎不变
eg.Therateof…remainedsteady(fairlylevel/almostunchanged)duringthefouryearsfrom1963to1967.
2.…toleveloff(vi.)
eg.Afterasteadydeclineforawholedecade,the…rateshowssignsoflevelingoff.
注意:
修饰起伏或稳定状态的副词有:
almostfairly可以用于表达起伏,稳定状态的句子中的词组或句型:
thegeneralsituationwasnotworsening
showindicationsofimprovement
itcanbepredictedthat…
eg.Therateof…remainedsteadyduringthefouryearsfrom1963to1967,anditcanbepredictedthatthegeneralsituationwasnotworsening.
eg.Therateof…remainedsteadyduringthefouryearsfrom1963to1967,showingsignsofimprovementin…
五.成正比,反比
1.…beindirect/inverseratioto/with与…成正比/反比
eg.Maleillustrationsareindirectratioto/withtheadvancementofgrades,whilefemaleillustrationsareininverseratio.
六.占百分之几,几分之几
1….toform/comprise/makeup/constitute….percent…占百分之…
eg.Womencomprisemorethan50%oftheU.S.population.
eg.Femalesmakeuponly24%oftheillustrationswhereasmalesconstitute76%.
2.…toform/comprise/constituteahalf/third/fourthof……占…的1/2,1/3,1/4
eg.Femaleillustrionsformlessthanafourthofthetotal.
3.…accountfor…percent占百分之几
eg.……,accountingforapproximately20percentof…
七.倍数
1.Abe…timesasmuch/manyasB
eg.TheannualrainfallofHunanis5timesasmuchasthatofSichuan.
2.Adoubles/ishalf/triplesBA是B的两倍,一半,三倍
eg.TheannualrainfallofJiddadoublesthatofJanta,butisonlyhalftheamountofrainKuwaitreceiveseachyear.
附一圆盘比例型图表例:
一个圆盘显示了大学生在food,books,transportations,entertainment,clothes,unknown中的开销,它们各自占的比例依次是60%,3%,5%,10%,10%,12%,要求你描叙这个圆盘图。
描述:
Theabovepiechartconsistsof6segments,thelargestonerepresentingfood,whichaccountsfor60%ofthetotal.Clothesandentertainmenteachtakesup10%.5%goestotransportationand3%books.Alltherestexpenses,12%ofall,isspendonunknownitems.
总结写作模式:
…piechartconsistsof…segments,thelargestonerepresenting…,whichaccountsfor…ofthetotal.…eachtakesup….…goesto….Alltherest…,…ofall,……..
八.原因结果
1….(结果)…,owingto(原因)[owingto为分词结构]
2….(结果)…,attributableto(原因)[attributableto为形容词短语]
3….(结果)lieinthefactthat(原因)[同位语从句]
4….(结果)resultfrom(原因)[句型一般]
5.Itispreciselybecause(原因)…that(导致结果)…[强调结构]
6.…,asaresult,…(导致结果)…[asaresult做插入语]
7.(原因)beresponsiblefor(结果)[常见句型]
8.(原因),whichinturn(结果)
eg.Theygiverisetounfaircompetition,whichinturnthrowsoriginalbusinessesintoacommercialpanic.
九.采取措施,提出建议
1.Mysuggestiontodealwith/solve/relievetheproblemareasfollows.Inthefirstplace,….Secondly,….Finally,…[常见句型]
2.Ifweletthesituationgoasitis,….Bythattime,….如果让这种情况继续发展下去,那么……。
到那个时候,……。
[比较好的句型]
3.Moreandmorepeoplearerealizingtheimportanceof…[进行时态,moreandmore比many好]
4.Greatefforts/Moremeasures/Dueattentionmustbetaken/paidtodo…[被动语态,dueattention和bepaidto搭配]
5.If……,willtherebeanythingthatcanmakemeevenhappier?
如果(我们怎么怎么做),那将没有比这令我更高兴的了。
[条件句,反问句]
6.Itisimportant/necessary/urgent/desirable(希望)/advisable(明智)forsb.todosth.[Itis…for…todo…句型]
7.enhancetheawarenessofpeoplethat…
8.Thefirstnutforustocrackis…我们首先要解决的是……。
[比Thefirstthingweshoulddois…句型高级的多,精彩的多,生动的多]
9.……assoonaspossible[常见句型]
10.sth.beoftheutmostimportance[beofn.结构,比sth.bemuchimportant好]
十.方式,比较
1.(Just)as…,so…正如…[比较句型]
eg.Justaswateristhemostimportantofliquids,soairisthemostimportantofgases.
2.inmuchthesameway/mannerthat…正如…,和…一样
eg.TheAmericansspendChristmasDayinmuchthesamewaythattheEuropeansdo.
十一.让步
1.nowthat……既然……[让步从句]
eg.Nowthatthedecisionhasbeenmade,wemusttryourbesttocarryitout.
2.unless…not…[让步从句]
eg.Itisaviciouscycleandunlessyouconsiderthesesocial,economicandenvironmentalproblemsinonecontext,youarenotseriousaboutmeetingthechallenges.[注意例句中的considersth.inonecontext句型:
把什么事情放在一起加以综合考虑]
十二.强调句
1.only[既是强调句,又是倒装句]
eg.Onlyinthiswaycanyouhopetoimprovethepresentsituation.
2.Itis…that…
eg.Itisbecausehewastoocarelessthathefailedintheexam.
3.nothingbut只不过;只有…
eg.Ifwhatwehavebeenstrivingforisnothingbutpleasure-seeking,ournationwillbedeprivedoftherighttorise.(这里nothingbut可以去掉,不影响句意,但有了nothingbut,就强调了后面的名词)
十三.假设
1.Supposing……,itislikelythat….假设…,那么很可能…[假设,虚拟语态]
eg.Supposingyouwantedtobuyawashingmachine,itismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetailsregardingperformance,price,etc.fromanadvertisement.
十四.反问
1.Whatelsecan…?
…………还能做什么呢?
eg.Whatelsecanthepoorparentsdobutobey?
这些可怜的家长除了听从外还能做什么呢?
2.Howcould……?
怎能….
eg.HowcouldIputtheEnglishbooksasidetoreadpastimebooks?
十五.比较
1.AistoBwhatXistoY.A对于B就象X对于Y
eg.Foodistomanwhatoilistomachines.
2.……more…,less…
eg.TheclosertoChristmas,thecraziertheyget;theybecomemoreagitated,lesspatient.
十六.否定
1.双重否定
notuncommon=common平常的,普通的
notunusual