英语4级词汇.docx

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英语4级词汇.docx

英语4级词汇

随着经济的繁荣withtheboomingoftheeconomy

随着人民生活水平的显著提高withtheremarkableimprovementofpeople'slivingstandard

先进的科学技术advancedscienceandtechnology

为我们日常生活增添了情趣addmuchspice/flavortoourdailylife

人们普遍认为Itiscommonlybelievedthat…

我同意前者(后者)观点Igivemyvotetotheformer/latteropinion.

引起了广泛的公众关注Sth.hasarousedwidepublicconcern./Sthhasdrawngreatpublicattention.

不可否认Itisundeniablethat…

热烈的讨论/争论aheateddiscussion/debate

有争议性的问题acontroversialissue

就我而言/就个人而言AsfarasIamconcerned,/Personally,

有充分的理由支持besupportedbysoundreasons

双方的论点argumentonbothsides

发挥日益重要作用playanincreasinglyimportantrolein…

对…必不可少beindispensableto…

正如谚语所说Astheproverbgoes:

对…产生有利/不利的影响exertpositive/negativeeffectson…

利远远大于弊Theadvantagesfaroutweighthedisadvantages.

导致,引起leadto/giveriseto/contributeto/resultin

复杂的社会现象acomplicatedsocialphenomenon

责任感/成就感senseofresponsibility/achievement

竞争与合作精神senseofcompetitionandcooperation

开阔眼界widenone'shorizon/broadenone'svision

学习知识和技能acquireknowledgeandskills

经济/心理负担financialburden/psychologicalburden

考虑到诸多因素takemanyfactorsintoconsideration

从另一个角度fromanotherperspective

做出共同努力makejointefforts

对…有益bebeneficialto/beconduciveto…

为社会做贡献makecontributionstothesociety

打下坚实的基础layasolidfoundationfor…

综合素质comprehensivequality

致力于/投身于becommitted/devotedto…

应当承认Admittedly,

不可推卸的义务unshakableduty

满足需求satisfy/meettheneedsof...

可靠的信息源areliablesourceofinformation

宝贵的自然资源valuablenaturalresources

因特网theInternet(一定要由冠词,字母I大写)

方便快捷convenientandefficient

在人类生活的方方面面inallaspectsofhumanlife

环保的材料environmentallyfriendlymaterials

社会进步的体现asymbolofsocietyprogress

大大方便了人们的生活Sthhasgreatlyfacilitatedpeople'slives.

对这一问题持有不同态度holddifferentattitudestowardsthisissue

在一定程度上tosomeextent

理论和实践相结合integratetheorywithpractice

…必然趋势anirresistibletrendof…

日益激烈的社会竞争theincreasinglykeensocialcompetition

眼前利益immediateinterest/short-terminterest

长远利益long-teminterest

…有其自身的优缺点…hasitsownmeritsanddemerits/prosandcons

对…有害doharmto/beharmfulto/bedetrimentalto

交流思想/情感/信息exchangeideas/emotions/information

跟上…的最新发展keeppacewith/keepabreastwiththelatestdevelopmentof…

…的健康发展thehealthydevelopmentof…

重视attachgreatimportanceto…

社会地位socialstatus

把时间和精力放在…上focusone'stimeandenergyon…

扩大知识面expandone'sscopeofknowledge

身心两方面bothphysicallyandmentally

有直接/间接关系bedirectly/indirectlyrelatedto…

导致很多问题giveriseto/leadto/spellvariousproblems

可以替代think的词believe,claim,maintain,argue,insist,holdtheopinion/belief/viewthat

缓解压力/减轻负担relievestress/burden

优先考虑/发展…give(top)prioritytosth.

与…比较comparedwith…/incomparisonwith

可降解的/可分解的材料degradable/decomposablematerial

代替replace/substitute/taketheplaceof

提供就业机会offerjobopportunities

反映了社会进步的mirrorthesocialprogress/advance

增进相互了解enhance/promotemutualunderstanding

充分利用makefulluseof/takeadvantageof

承受更大的工作压力sufferfromheavierworkpressure

保障社会稳定和繁荣guaranteethestabilityandprosperityofoursociety

更多地强调putmoreemphasison…

适应社会发展adaptoneselftothesocialdevelopment

实现梦想realizeone'sdream

主要理由列举如下Themain/leadingreasonsarelistedasfollows:

我们还有很长的路要走Westillhavealongwaytogo.

 

一.上升增长

  1.…addupto…增加了

  eg.Thetotalamountof…addedupto14billionpounds(14%)in1994.

  2.tojumpto/tosoarto……一跃达到/猛增到…

  eg.Thetotalworkingdayslostsoaredto10millionin1979.

  3.…anincreaseofabout…percentascomparedwith……与…相比大约增加了…

  eg.InAugustasmanyas39caraccidentswerereported,indicatinganincreaseofabout79%ascomparedwiththenumberofJanuary.

  4.…toexperienceanincrease/incline…有了增长

  eg.Tobaccoconsumptionisexperiencinganincline.

  二.下降,减少

  1.…tosink/drop/reduceto…减少到…

  eg.Therateofstrikessank/droppedtothelowestpointin1979.

  2.…toexperienceadecrease/decline…有了减少

  eg.Tobaccoconsumptionisexperiencingadecrease.注意:

  修饰上升/减少的副词有:

  rapidlyslowlydramaticallyrespectively表达上升/减少的最后状态的词有:

  thehighestpeakthelowestpoint10million10%

  三.起伏

  1.…togoupanddown…起伏不定

  eg.Thestrikeratewentupanddownduringtheperiodfrom1952to1967.

  2.Therebeupsanddowns…有起有伏

  eg.Between1972and1979,therewereseveralupsanddownsin(某方面).

  四.稳定

  1.…toremainsteady/level/unchanged…保持稳定,几乎不变

  eg.Therateof…remainedsteady(fairlylevel/almostunchanged)duringthefouryearsfrom1963to1967.

  2.…toleveloff(vi.)

  eg.Afterasteadydeclineforawholedecade,the…rateshowssignsoflevelingoff.

  注意:

  修饰起伏或稳定状态的副词有:

  almostfairly可以用于表达起伏,稳定状态的句子中的词组或句型:

  thegeneralsituationwasnotworsening

  showindicationsofimprovement

  itcanbepredictedthat…

  eg.Therateof…remainedsteadyduringthefouryearsfrom1963to1967,anditcanbepredictedthatthegeneralsituationwasnotworsening.

  eg.Therateof…remainedsteadyduringthefouryearsfrom1963to1967,showingsignsofimprovementin…

  五.成正比,反比

  1.…beindirect/inverseratioto/with与…成正比/反比

  eg.Maleillustrationsareindirectratioto/withtheadvancementofgrades,whilefemaleillustrationsareininverseratio.

  六.占百分之几,几分之几

  1….toform/comprise/makeup/constitute….percent…占百分之…

  eg.Womencomprisemorethan50%oftheU.S.population.

  eg.Femalesmakeuponly24%oftheillustrationswhereasmalesconstitute76%.

  2.…toform/comprise/constituteahalf/third/fourthof……占…的1/2,1/3,1/4

  eg.Femaleillustrionsformlessthanafourthofthetotal.

  3.…accountfor…percent占百分之几

  eg.……,accountingforapproximately20percentof…

  七.倍数

  1.Abe…timesasmuch/manyasB

  eg.TheannualrainfallofHunanis5timesasmuchasthatofSichuan.

  2.Adoubles/ishalf/triplesBA是B的两倍,一半,三倍

  eg.TheannualrainfallofJiddadoublesthatofJanta,butisonlyhalftheamountofrainKuwaitreceiveseachyear.

  附一圆盘比例型图表例:

一个圆盘显示了大学生在food,books,transportations,entertainment,clothes,unknown中的开销,它们各自占的比例依次是60%,3%,5%,10%,10%,12%,要求你描叙这个圆盘图。

  描述:

  Theabovepiechartconsistsof6segments,thelargestonerepresentingfood,whichaccountsfor60%ofthetotal.Clothesandentertainmenteachtakesup10%.5%goestotransportationand3%books.Alltherestexpenses,12%ofall,isspendonunknownitems.

  总结写作模式:

  …piechartconsistsof…segments,thelargestonerepresenting…,whichaccountsfor…ofthetotal.…eachtakesup….…goesto….Alltherest…,…ofall,……..

  八.原因结果

  1….(结果)…,owingto(原因)[owingto为分词结构]

  2….(结果)…,attributableto(原因)[attributableto为形容词短语]

  3….(结果)lieinthefactthat(原因)[同位语从句]

  4….(结果)resultfrom(原因)[句型一般]

  5.Itispreciselybecause(原因)…that(导致结果)…[强调结构]

  6.…,asaresult,…(导致结果)…[asaresult做插入语]

  7.(原因)beresponsiblefor(结果)[常见句型]

  8.(原因),whichinturn(结果)

  eg.Theygiverisetounfaircompetition,whichinturnthrowsoriginalbusinessesintoacommercialpanic.

  九.采取措施,提出建议

  1.Mysuggestiontodealwith/solve/relievetheproblemareasfollows.Inthefirstplace,….Secondly,….Finally,…[常见句型]

  2.Ifweletthesituationgoasitis,….Bythattime,….如果让这种情况继续发展下去,那么……。

  到那个时候,……。

[比较好的句型]

  3.Moreandmorepeoplearerealizingtheimportanceof…[进行时态,moreandmore比many好]

  4.Greatefforts/Moremeasures/Dueattentionmustbetaken/paidtodo…[被动语态,dueattention和bepaidto搭配]

  5.If……,willtherebeanythingthatcanmakemeevenhappier?

如果(我们怎么怎么做),那将没有比这令我更高兴的了。

[条件句,反问句]

  6.Itisimportant/necessary/urgent/desirable(希望)/advisable(明智)forsb.todosth.[Itis…for…todo…句型]

  7.enhancetheawarenessofpeoplethat…

  8.Thefirstnutforustocrackis…我们首先要解决的是……。

[比Thefirstthingweshoulddois…句型高级的多,精彩的多,生动的多]

  9.……assoonaspossible[常见句型]

  10.sth.beoftheutmostimportance[beofn.结构,比sth.bemuchimportant好]

  十.方式,比较

  1.(Just)as…,so…正如…[比较句型]

  eg.Justaswateristhemostimportantofliquids,soairisthemostimportantofgases.

  2.inmuchthesameway/mannerthat…正如…,和…一样

  eg.TheAmericansspendChristmasDayinmuchthesamewaythattheEuropeansdo.

  十一.让步

  1.nowthat……既然……[让步从句]

  eg.Nowthatthedecisionhasbeenmade,wemusttryourbesttocarryitout.

  2.unless…not…[让步从句]

  eg.Itisaviciouscycleandunlessyouconsiderthesesocial,economicandenvironmentalproblemsinonecontext,youarenotseriousaboutmeetingthechallenges.[注意例句中的considersth.inonecontext句型:

把什么事情放在一起加以综合考虑]

  十二.强调句

  1.only[既是强调句,又是倒装句]

  eg.Onlyinthiswaycanyouhopetoimprovethepresentsituation.

  2.Itis…that…

  eg.Itisbecausehewastoocarelessthathefailedintheexam.

  3.nothingbut只不过;只有…

  eg.Ifwhatwehavebeenstrivingforisnothingbutpleasure-seeking,ournationwillbedeprivedoftherighttorise.(这里nothingbut可以去掉,不影响句意,但有了nothingbut,就强调了后面的名词)

  十三.假设

  1.Supposing……,itislikelythat….假设…,那么很可能…[假设,虚拟语态]

  eg.Supposingyouwantedtobuyawashingmachine,itismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetailsregardingperformance,price,etc.fromanadvertisement.

  十四.反问

  1.Whatelsecan…?

…………还能做什么呢?

  eg.Whatelsecanthepoorparentsdobutobey?

这些可怜的家长除了听从外还能做什么呢?

  2.Howcould……?

怎能….

  eg.HowcouldIputtheEnglishbooksasidetoreadpastimebooks?

  十五.比较

  1.AistoBwhatXistoY.A对于B就象X对于Y

  eg.Foodistomanwhatoilistomachines.

  2.……more…,less…

  eg.TheclosertoChristmas,thecraziertheyget;theybecomemoreagitated,lesspatient.

  十六.否定

  1.双重否定

  notuncommon=common平常的,普通的

  notunusual

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