高中英语 UnitThe world of our senses Period One Welcome to the unit.docx
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高中英语UnitTheworldofoursensesPeriodOneWelcometotheunit
Unit1TheworldofoursensesPeriodOneWelcometotheunit&Reading
What’sthatsmell?
Doyouhearthatnoise?
Tastethis!
Lookatme!
Feelthis,isn’titsoft?
Whenyouhear,orevenusethesephrases,youprobablydon’tstoptothinkaboutwhyweusethem.Well,it’sbecauseofoursense.Withoutusevenknowing,oursenseorgans(nose,eyes,ears,tongue,andskin)aretakingininformationandsendingittothebrainforprocessing.Ifwedidn’thavethem,wewouldnotbeabletosmell,see,hear,taste,ortouchanything!
Sensesarethephysicalmeansbywhichalllivingthingssee,hear,smell,taste,andtouch.Eachsensecollectsinformationabouttheworldanddetectschangeswithinthebody.Bothpeopleandanimalsgetalloftheirknowledgefromtheirsenses,andthatiswhysensesaresoimportant.
Allsensesdependontheworkingnervesystem.Oursenseorgansstarttoworkwhensomethingstimulatesspecialnervecells,calledreceptors,inasenseorgan.Oncestimulated,thereceptorssendnerveimpulsesalongsensorynervestothebrain.Yourbrainthentellsyouwhattodo.Forexample,yoursoundreceptorsareoftenattackedbybillionsofsoundwaves.Whenthesesignalsreachthepartofthebraincalledthecerebralcortex,webecomeconsciousofthesounds.
Notes
1.processv.处理
2.detectvt.发现,查明
3.stimulatev.刺激,激发
4.impulsen.脉冲
5.thecerebralcortex大脑皮层
Task
根据上文完成下列各题
1.Sensesareveryimportantbecausebothpeopleandanimalsgetalloftheirknowledgefromthem.
2.Howdooursenseorgansdealwithinformation?
Oursenseorganstakeininformationandsendittothebrainforprocessing.
3.Whatdoallsensesrelyon?
Allsensesdependontheworkingnervesystem.
PeriodOne Welcometotheunit&Reading
Ⅰ.单词自测
1.raisedadj.凸起的
raisevt.举起,抬升
2.confusevt.使糊涂,使迷惑
confusingadj.令人混乱的;令人困惑的
confusionn.混乱(状态)
confusedadj.感到混乱的
3.fogn.雾
foggyadj.有雾的,雾茫茫的
4.forecastvt.&n.预测,预报
forecast过去式
forecast过去分词
5.conductorn.(公交车)售票员;(乐队)指挥
conductvt.指挥;实施;带领
6.observevt.观察;注意到;评论
observationn.观察
observern.观察者
7.glancevi.&n.瞥一眼,匆匆看
8.nowhereadv.无处,到处都不
9.whereveradv.&conj.无论哪里
10.narrowadj.狭窄的
11.approachvi.&vt.靠近;着手处理;n.靠近;方法;路径
12.darknessn.黑暗
darkadj.黑暗的
13.hesitatevi.犹豫,迟疑不决
hesitationn.犹豫
14.graspvt.抓紧,抓牢
15.starevi.凝视,盯着看
16.anxiousadj.焦虑,忧虑
anxietyn.焦虑
17.firmlyadv.牢牢地,坚定地
firmadj.牢固的,坚硬的
18.gratefuladj.感激的,表示感谢的
thankfuladj.(同义词)感激的,感谢的
19.aidn.&vt.帮助
20.reliefn.轻松;宽慰
relievevt.使……感到宽慰
21.pavementn.(马路边的)人行道
Ⅱ.短语自测
1.glanceat瞥一眼
2.nowheretobeseen哪里也看不见
3.insight看得到,在视力范围之内
4.setoff出发;动身
5.wishfor盼望,企盼
6.comealong出现,到来
7.reachout伸出(手)
8.stareupat抬头凝视
9.watchoutfor留心,密切注意
10.inrelief轻松地,宽慰地
11.payback报答;偿还(借款)
Ⅰ.阅读课文,选出最佳答案
1.Whydidn’tPollytakeabushome?
A.Becausethebuseswerenotrunning.
B.BecausetheUndergroundwasfaster.
C.Becausethebusescouldn’truntoherhome.
D.Becausethetaxiwouldbemoreconvenient.
答案 C
2.WheredidPollytaketheUnderground?
A.AtKingStreet.
B.Nearherusualbusstop.
C.AtGreenPark.
D.AtParkStreet.
答案 B
3.WhatdidPollymeanby“Areyousureyouknowtheway?
”
A.Shedidn’tknowwhereshelivedandhopedtheoldmancouldhelpherfinditout.
B.Shecouldn’tfindherway,soshecouldn’ttelltheoldmanhowtogettoherhome.
C.Sheworriedthattheoldmanwouldbringhersomewhereelseinsteadofherhome.
D.Sheworriedthattheoldmanwouldgetlostlikeher.
答案 C
4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?
A.TheoldmanrestedinPolly’shomeforawhile.
B.Theoldmanwasoftenhelpedbyothersonfoggydays.
C.Pollyoncehelpedtheoldmanandhepaidbackherhelp.
D.Therewerealwayschancestohelpothers.
答案 D
5.Choosetherightorderofthefollowingfiveevents.
a.Shefearedwhenshefeltahandbrushhercheek.
b.Thebusconductortoldherthebuscouldn’ttakeherhome.
c.Shetoldtheoldmanthatshewaslost.
d.Shefeltfrightenedbecauseshewasnotsurewhethertheoldmanknewthewaytoherhome.
e.PollytooktheUndergroundtoGreenPark.
A.b;e;a;c;dB.c;a;d;e;b
C.e;a;c;d;bD.a;b;e;d;c
答案 A
Ⅱ.阅读课文完成下表,每空一词
Part
Place
Time&weather
Person(s)
Whathappened
Polly’sthoughtorfeeling
Part1
OutsidePolly’sworkplace
At4p.m.;1.foggy
Polly
Sheleftwork
She2.wonderedifthebuseswouldstillberunning.
Part2
Busstop
Later
Polly;thebus3.conductor
Thefogwastoo4.thickforthebusto5.runtoKingStreet,wherePollylived.
Part3
IntheUnderground
Later
Polly;atallman
Atallmaninadarkovercoatwasonthetrain.
She6.sensedshewasbeingwatched.
Part4
InParkStreet;atthecornerofthestreet
WhenPollygottothestationentrance;thefoglaylikeathick,greycloud
Polly;aman
Aroughhand7.brushedhercheek.
Herheartwasbeatingwith8.fear.
Part5
Inthestreet
Itwasdark
Polly;anoldman
Theoldmantookherhandandhelpedherfindtheway.
Shewishedforsomeonetocomealong.Fearheldherstill;shebegantofeel9.frightenedagain.
Part6
OutsidePolly’shouseatKingStreet
Latethatday
Polly;theoldblindman
Theoldmanlefttohelpmorepeopleinneed.
Pollywas10.thankful/grateful.
Ⅲ.难句分析
1.Onceoutinthestreet,shewalkedquicklytowardsherusualbusstop.
句式分析:
此处是once引导的一个省略的时间状语从句,相当于Onceshewasoutinthestreet...。
在状语从句中,主语与主句的主语相同或其主语为it,且谓语中含有be时,常省略从句中的主语和be。
自主翻译:
一到街上,她就急匆匆地向往常乘车的公交车站走去。
2.AsPollyobservedthepassengersonthetrain,shehadafeelingthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkovercoat.
句式分析:
自主翻译:
当波莉打量地铁车厢里的乘客时,她感觉有个穿黑色大衣的高个子男人一直在看着她。
1.confuse
[语境感悟]
(1)(教材P1)However,evenifwehavegoodsenses,theycanstillconfuseus.然而,即使我们拥有良好的感官,它们仍然让我们感到困惑。
(2)Peopleoftenconfusemewith/andmytwinsister.
人们常常把我和我的孪生妹妹搞错。
(3)Withitsfocusdivided,thelionbecomesconfusedandisunsureaboutwhattodonext.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)
随着它的焦点分散,狮子变得迷惑,并且不确定接下来该做什么。
(4)Theroomwasinconfusionafterthebirthdayparty.
生日晚会之后,房间里一片混乱。
[归纳拓展]
(1)confusevt.使糊涂,使迷惑
confuseAand/withB将A和B混淆
(2)confusingadj.使人困惑的
(3)confusedadj.困惑的,感到困惑的
(4)confusionn.混乱,困惑
[即时跟踪]
(1)Afterhearingthenews,themanfeltconfused.
听了这个消息后,那人感到很迷惑。
(2)ThisfilmissoconfusingthatIcan’tunderstandit.
这部电影如此令人迷惑以至于我看不懂。
(3)Therewasalookonherfacewhenshemetwiththeproblem.(2014·江阴五校高一期中)
A.confusing;confusingB.confused;confused
C.confusing;confusedD.confused;confusing
答案 D
解析 句意为:
为当她遇到这个令人困惑的问题时,她脸上露出了困惑的表情。
confusing意为“令人困惑的”,用来修饰物或事;confused意为“(人)感到困惑的”,用来修饰人以及人的表情和声音,故选D项。
2.forecast
[语境感悟]
(1)(教材P2)Atlunch,theradioforecastthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon.午餐时分,收音机预报说,薄雾将会在下午变成浓雾。
(2)Theweatherforecastsaysitwillbecloudywithaslightchanceofrainlatertonight.(2016·天津)
天气预报说多云,今天夜间下雨的可能性不大。
(3)Thereportforecaststhatpriceswillriseby3%nextmonth.
报告预测下个月物价将上涨3%。
[归纳拓展]
(1)forecastn.&v.预测,预报
forecast的过去式及过去分词分别有两种形式:
(forecasted,forecasted)或(forecast,forecast)。
(2)前缀fore表示“(在……)前面,预先”,它构成的其他单词还有foresee(预见,预知),forehead(前额),foretell(预言)等。
[即时跟踪]
(1)Earthquakesaredifficultforustoforecast.
对我们来说地震是很难预测的。
(2)Astormhasbeenforecast/forecastedfortomorrowafternoon.
据预测明天下午有一场暴风雨。
(3)—I’mworriedaboutthesportsmeeting.Doyouthinkitwillbepostponed?
—Ifitshouldraintomorrow,butactuallytheweatherhasremovedourworry.
A.altitudeB.attitude
C.forecastD.opinion
答案 C
解析 考查名词辨析。
句意为:
——我担心运动会。
你觉得会延期吗?
——如果明天下雨的话就会延期,但是其实天气预报已经消除了我们的担心。
altitude高地,海拔;attitude态度;forecast预报;opinion观点。
根据句意可知选C。
3.observe
[语境感悟]
(1)(教材P2)AsPollyobservedthepassengersonthetrain,shehadafeelingthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkovercoat.
当波莉打量地铁车厢里的乘客时,她感觉有个穿着黑色大衣的高个子男人一直在看着她。
(2)Howmanyfestivalsdoweobserveinayear?
我们一年庆祝多少个节日?
(3)Itiseverybody’sdutytoobservethemtokeepoursocietyinorderandgoingontherighttrack.(2015·江苏)
每个人都有义务去遵守他们,以保持我们的社会秩序并使其在正确的轨道运行。
(4)Ispecializeinzoology,andI’magoodobserver.(2014·广东)
我主修动物学,我是一个很好的观察者。
[归纳拓展]
(1)observevt.观察;注意到;评论;庆祝;遵守
observe...doing/do...注意到……正在做/做了……(被动语态中需用todo代替do)
(2)observationn.观察
(3)observern.观察者
[即时跟踪]
(1)Hisneighborobservedastrangergoingintohishouse.
他的邻居注意到一个陌生人正进入他家。
(2)Hehasbeenobservedtocheatatcards.
他被发现打牌时作弊。
(3)CouldyoutellmehowyouusuallyThanksgivingDayinyourcountry.(2016·东台创新高中高一月考)
A.passB.reach
C.congratulateD.observe
答案 D
解析 句意为:
你能告诉我在你们国家,你们是怎么庆祝感恩节的吗?
observe庆祝,符合句意。
pass通过;reach到达;congratulate祝贺。
4.glance
[语境感悟]
(1)(教材P2)Whiletherestofthepassengersweregettingout,sheglancedatthefacesaroundher.
当其他乘客陆续下车的时候,波莉扫视了一下周围的面孔。
(2)Theglassesglancedandtwinkledinthesunlight.
玻璃杯在阳光下闪闪发亮。
(3)Ionlyhadtimetoglanceatthenewspapers.
我只来得及浏览一下报纸。
(4)Hecouldtellataglancewhatwaswrong.
他一眼就能看出问题所在。
(5)Iheardsomeonefollowingme,glancedaroundandsawadarkfigureintheshadows.
我听到有人跟踪我,便环视四周,发现黑暗中有一个人影。
[归纳拓展]
glancevi.&n.瞥一眼;匆匆一看;在……上闪烁或闪耀
give/take/throwaglanceat朝……匆匆看一下
glanceat匆匆看一下
ataglance看一眼便知道,立刻
atfirstglance乍一看;最初看到时
glancearound环顾四周
[即时跟踪]
(1)Themiddleagedwomanglancedat或took/gave/threwaglanceatherwatch.
那位中年妇女瞥了一眼她的手表。
(2)Atfirstglancetheproblemseemedveryeasy.
乍一看问题似乎很容易。
(3)Thedoctoratthepatientquicklyandrangforanambulanceimmediately.(2015·湖南长沙高一期中)
A.glancedB.glared
C.gazedD.stared
答案 A
解析 考查动词词义辨析。
句意为:
快速看了一眼病人之后,这位医生立即打电话叫了一辆救护车。
glanceat匆匆地看一眼;glareat怒目而视;gazeat(因惊讶、喜悦或有兴趣而)注视,凝视;stareat(因吃惊、恐惧等而)盯着看。
结合题干中的关键词quickly和选项可知本题选A。
5.nowhere
[语境感悟]
(1)(教材P2)Thetallmanwasnowheretobeseen.
到处都看不到那个高个子男人的身影。
(2)Itisluckywebookedaroom,orwewouldhavenowheretostayn