精品学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题新人教版.docx
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精品学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题新人教版
2019学年度高二级第二学期期末试题（卷）
英语
满分120分，考试时间100分钟
第1部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary
The Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary is recommended by teachers and students because it explains wordsin language students understand,gives useful example sentences and includes the tools learners need to succeed in English.The new 9th edition with Oxford iSpeaker and iWriter makes it the latest speaking and writing tool.
Author：
Margaret Deuter，Jennifer Bradbery
Price：
$29.95
Paperback:
1900 pages
Amazon Bestsellers Rank:
95in books
Collins English Dictionary
At the cutting edge of language change,Collins English Dictionary offers you all the latest words and phrases
you need at your fingertips.Whether for study,at work,or on the go,you can check spellings,look up meanings
and words you need,every day.
Author:
HarperCollins
Price:
$25.99
Paperback:
1920 pages
Amazon Bestsellers Rank:
227 in books
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary
It is great for advanced learners of English and contains a large vocabulary,including words fromthe areas of technology,language and lifestyle,plus important 2 words for academic study.It is perfect as a reference tool and as a study companion.It is also great for exam preparation.
Author：
Cambridge University
Price：
$39.27
Paperback:
1856 pages
Amazon Bestsellers Rank:
461in books
Longman Handy Learner's Dictionary
Longman is the very best for students learning English to study,live and work in North America.This dictionary provides lots of handy reference materials.This popular,pocket-size dictionaryisgreatfor students who need quick and easy reference to American words and phrases.
Author:
Pearson Education
Price:
$23.66
Paperback:
528 pages
Amazon Bestsellers Rank:
1144 in books
1.WhatisspecialaboutOxfordAdvancedLearnersDictionary?
A.Itgivesusefulexamplesentences.
B.Itischeapandatthesametimegood.
C.Itisrecommendedbyteachersandstudents.
D.ItisequippedwithOxfordiSpeakerandiWriter.
2．You can probably look up some newly-created words in
A.Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary
B.Longman Handy Learner's Dictionary
C.Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary
D.Collins English Dictionary
3．What do we know about Longman Handy Learner's Dictionary?
A.It's the cheapest of the four dictionaries.
B.It's helpful to improve your pronunciation.
C.It's great for students to prepare for exams.
D.It's good for British English learners.
4．In what order are the dictionaries listed?
A.The thickness of the dictionaries. B.The prices of the dictionaries.
C.The Amazon ranks of the dictionaries. D.The functions of the dictionaries.
B
Ifourkidsdon’tfall,theydon’tlearntogetup.Istillrememberthedayinhighschoolthatmymomforgottopickmeupfromschool.I’mtheoldestoffourchildren,andnodoubtshe’dhadalongdaywiththeotherkidsandithadslippedhermind.Afterwaitingatschoolforanhour,Iwalkedthethreemileshome,andwhenIgottomyhouse,Ishutourfrontdoorwithanger,stormedintothekitchenandscreamedinmymom’sfacethatshe'dforgottenme.
Laterthatnight,mydadtoldmeInolongerhadaridetoschoolthenextday.Ifiguredmymomwouldstilltakeme,butwhenthemorningcame,sherefused.Itwasmidterm,andasastraightAstudentreadytostartcollegeapplications,beinglatewasn'tanoption.Inmymind,missingthesetestswouldhavebeentheendofmyacademiccareer.Ibeggedmymom,ItoldhershewasrunningmyfutureandeverythingIworkedfor.Butsheheldherground,andthatday,Iwalkedtoschool.AndImissedmytests.
Mymomdidn’trescuemefromfailure.Sheletmesufferfromit.Sheletmefigureitout.Sheletmelearn.Now,asamommyself,I’verealizedthatIwantmykidstoexperiencefailurebecausefailureishowwegrow,learnandthinkoutsideofourselves.It’showweself-educatetolearnwhat’srightandrespectable,andwhat’snot.It’showwebecomeresponsibleandenthusiastic.
Fallingdownmakesusbetter,becausewelearnhowtogetup.
5.Whydidtheauthorshoutathermother?
A.Shewastiredafterwalkinghome.B.Shemissedsomeimportanttests.
C.Hermotherhadruinedherfuture.D.Hermotherdidn'tpickheruphome.
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"heldherground"inParagraph2mean?
A.Gaveintome.B.Saidyestome.
C.Stayedintheplace.D.Stucktoherdecision.
7.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutherexperiencenow?
A.MercifulB.BeneficialC.DisappointedD.Embarrassed
8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.Trytomeetyourkids'demands.B.Offeryourkidshelpifnecessary.
C.Stoprescuingyourkidsfromfailure.D.Beresponsibleforyourkidsfailure.
C
Naturally,parentspraisetheirkids.Theywanttoencouragetheirchildreneveryday.Butwhenitcomestobuildingself-esteem（自尊）inchildren,praisedoesn'talwayshaveapositiveeffect,accordingtoaspecialeditionofthejournalChildDevelopment.Theissue,editedbyEddieandThomas,isfocusedonresearchintohowchildrendevelopasenseofselfandbuildingyourchild’sconfidencetakesdifferentskillsthanyoumightthink.
Eddiepointsoutthatchildrenarebornwithoutasenseofself,butitdoesn’ttakelongbeforesomekidshavealotofconfidenceandmayfeelsuperiortopeers,whileothersmaycarrymoreself-doubtandseethemselvesasinferior."Yetnoonereallyunderstandswhatcauseschildrentoviewthemselvesthewaytheydo.Surprisinglylittleisknownabouttheoriginsofchildren’sself-concept,"Eddiesaid.
Researchhasfoundthatwhenkidshaveawarm,lovingrelationshipwiththeirparents,theydevelophigherself-esteem.However,whentheyaregivenendlesspraisethatisunequaltotheirachievements,theirself-esteemmaydrop.
Insteadoflavishpraise,parentsshouldfocusonwarmthtobuildself-esteem,researchershavefound—specifically,parentsshouldshowinterestintheirkids’activitiesandsharejoywiththem.Thismakeschildrenfeelnoticedandvalued.AccordingtoEddie’sownresearch,childrenmaydeveloplowerself-esteemwhentheirparentsgivethemlotsofpositiveandoverstatedpraises.Toomuchpraisecanmakechildrenworryaboutdisappointingtheirparents,andmayleadtoanunhealthyattitudetowardfailure.Otherstudiessuggestthatparentscanteachchildrenthatfailureisbeneficialbyencouragingkidstoaskthemselves,“Whydidn’tIachievetheresultIwanted,andwhatcanIdotochangetheoutcomeinthefuture?
”
Additionally,it’simportantforparentstoencouragethebeliefthatkidscandevelopbasicabilitiesthroughdevotionandhardwork.Kidswhoarepraisedfortheireffortinsteadoftheirabilityaremorelikelytodevelopagrowthmindset,whichhaveapositiveimpactontheirconfidence.
9.WhatdoesthespecialeditionofChildDevelopmentfocuson?
A.Whenisthebesttimetobuildachild’sself-esteem.
B.Whateffectpraisehasonachild’sselfunderstanding.
C.Howchildrendeveloptheirsenseofself-esteem.
D.Howblamingandoverpraisehurtachild’sconfidence.
10.Howdoestoomuchpraisehurtchildren’sself-esteem?
A.They’llbeafraidoffailinganddisappointingtheirparents.
B.They’llhaveafalseunderstandingoftheirabilityandfail.
C.They’llbecometooproudtogetalongwithotherchildren.
D.They’llfocusmoreontheiradvantagesthantheirweaknesses.
11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?
A.Children’seffortwillhelptobuildtheirconfidence.
B.Childrenshouldhetaughtthevalueofhardwork.
C.Praisingachild’sabilitywillmakethemhappier.
D.Someparentsdoubtifkidscandeveloptheirabilities.
12.Whichofthefollowingisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Praisingachildforanyreasonhelpsbuildhisself-esteem.
B.Howkidsdeveloptheirsenseofself-esteemdifferently.
C.Whysomekidshavemoreself-doubtthantheothers.
D.Participationandencouragementbuildakid’sself-esteem.
D
TheParetoprinciple,alsoknownasthe80/20rule,thelawofthevitalfew,statesthat,formanyevents,roughly80%oftheeffectscomefrom20%ofthecauses.ManagementconsultantJosephM.JuransuggestedtheprincipleandnameditafterItalianeconomistVilfredoPareto,whonotedthe80/20connectionwhileattheUniversityofLausannein1896,aspublishedinhisfirstpaper.Essentially,Paretoshowedthatapproximately80%ofthelandinItalywasownedby20%ofthepopulation.Itisanaxiomofbusinessmanagementthat“80%ofsalescomefrom20%ofclients”.
RichardKochauthoredthebook,The80/20Principle,whichillustratedsomepracticalapplicationsoftheParetoprincipleinbusinessmanagementandlife.Mathematically,the80/20ruleisroughlyfollowedbyapowerlawdistribution,alsoknownasaParetodistribution,foraparticularsetofparameters,andmanynaturalphenomenahavebeenshownempiricallytoexhibitsuchadistribution.TheParetoprincipleisonlytangentiallyrelatedtoParetoefficiency.Paretodevelopedbothconceptsinthecontextofthedistributionofincomeandwealthamongthepopulation.
Theoriginalobservationwasinconnectionwithpopulationandwealth.Paretonoticedthat80%ofItaly’slandwasownedby20%ofthepopulation.Hethencarriedoutsurveysonavarietyofothercountriesandfoundtohissurprisethatasimilardistributionapplied.Achartthatgavetheinequalityaveryvisibleandcomprehensibleform,theso-called“champagneglass”effect,wascontainedinthe1992UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramReport,whichshowedthatdistributionofglobalincomeisve
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