Part III Listening Comprehension.docx

Part III Listening Comprehension.docx

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PartIIIListeningComprehension

PartIWriting（30minutes）

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledHowlongshouldthenationalholidaybe?

Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.有些人认为长假好，有些人认为短假好

2.我认为......

3.我建议有关部门……

Howlongshouldthenationalholidaybe?

PartIIReading（skimmingandscanning）（15minutes）

Directions：

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestion1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）,andD）.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

TheModernOlympicGames

TheModernOlympicGamesmighthaveremainedjustapartofhistorywithoutthedreamofoneFrenchman,PierredeCoubertin.Coubertinbelievedthatsportandexercisewereveryimportantforthehealthandhappinessofeverymanandalsoforthenation.Hethereforetried,in1892,tointerestotherFrenchmeninhisdreamofstartingamodernformoftheearlyGreekGames.Hisideaswerestronglycriticizedbymanypeople,whodidnotreallyunderstandwhathewastryingtodo.ItisperhapssadthatthegreatworkPierredeCoubertindidtobringbacktheGameswasneverproperlyrecognizedduringhislifetime.Gradually,however,peopleallovertheworldbecameinterestedinhisideasandatameetinginParisin1894,withrepresentativesfromtwelvedifferentcountries;plansweremadetoholdthefirstmodernGamesinAthensin1899.

OrganizingthefirstmodernGames,however,wasnotwithoutproblems.TheGreekgovernmentwasunhappywiththedecisiontoholdtheGamesinAthens,astheyhadseriouseconomicproblemsatthetimeanddidnotfeeltheywereinapositiontospendthenecessarymoney.ItseemedthereforethattheGameswouldbefinishedbeforetheyhadevenbegun.PrinceConstantineofGreece,however,gavehissupporttoCoubertinandthenewly-formedOlympicCommitteeandotherrichGreekssoonfollowedhisexample.EnoughmoneywascollectedinGreeceandabroadtobuildanewstadiumandpayalltheothercosts.

On5thApril,1896,acrowdofover60000peoplewatchedtheKingofGreeceopenthefirstmodernOlympicGames.Therewere,however,veryfewcompetitors－onlytwohundredandeighty-five.Australia,Austria,Britain,Bulgaria,Chile,Denmark,France,Germany,Hungary,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUSA,weretheonlycountriestosendathletestotheGamesandmostoftheathleteswhodidcomehadtopayfortheirowntravelandothercosts.Thereweretensportsinthefirstprogram－cycling,gymnastics,tennis,swimming,athletics,fencing,weight-lifting,rowing,wrestlingandshooting;therewerealsoothernon-sportingevents,suchasconcertsandballet,justastherehadbeenattheearlyGames.

AtthefirstmodernOlympicsalmostallthegoldmedalswerewonbyAmericansportsmen,butthemostfamousofallthefirstmedalwinnerswasayoungGreeknamedSpyrosLouis,whocamefromasmallvillageinthemountainsnearAthens.Itwashewhowonthelonganddifficultrace,theMarathon,andgavetheGreeksthenationalwintheyhadhopedfor.

TheGreekswouldhavebeenhappytokeeptheGamesinGreecebutCoubertinbelievedstronglythattheOlympicsshouldbetrulyinternationalandwouldnotallowthistohappen.ItwasthereforedecidedtoholdthenextGamesinParisin1900.Sadly,however,theParisGamesandthefollowingGames,heldinSt.Louis,America,in1904,werepoorexamplesofCoubertin'sdreamandCoubertinhimselfdidnoteventraveltotheSt.LouisGames.ForthesetwoGamesweremorelikecircusshowsthanseriousinternationalsportsmeetings.Onlyfifteennon-Americanswenttothe1904Games,mainlybecausethehightravelcostspreventedothersfromcompeting.Olympiceventsweremixedwithothersportsandevents,andtheGameswereorganizedtocontinueovermanymonths,sothatasmuchmoneyaspossiblecouldbemadebytheorganizersfromthesellingoftickets.

Itwasnotuntil1908,whentheGameswereheldinLondon,thatinternationalrulesanddistanceswereintroduced；untilthentheeventshadbeenthedecisionoftheorganizingnationalone.TheLondonGameswerefarbetterorganizedthananyoftheothermodernGamesbutittookmanymoreyearsbeforeCoubertin'sdreamofatrulyinternationalmeetingofsportsmenbecameareality.ItwasnecessarytomakemanychangesbeforetheOlympicGamesbecameaswell-organizedandaspopularastheyaretoday.

Since1896theGameshavebeenheldeveryfouryears,exceptforabreakduringtheyearsofthetwoWorldWars.GraduallythenumberofcompetitorswhotakepartineachGameshasgrownandsohasthenumberofcountries.In1896,onlythirteencountrieswererepresentedandonlytwohundredandeighty-fivecompetitorstookpart.Today,however,asmanyasonehundredandtwenty-twocountriessendathletestotheGamesandmorethanseventhousandmenandwomencometotheGamestotakepart.Inrecentyears,thenumberofeventshasgrowntotwenty-one,elevenofwhicharealsoopentowomen.

ItisinterestingthatCoubertin,whoseideaswereborninthelatenineteenthcentury,probablyneverimaginedthatwomenwouldeverplayapartinthenewOlympics.WomenhadnevercompetedintheearlyGreekGames;indeed,formanyyearstheywerenotevenallowedtowatch.Inmoderntimes,theLondonGamesin1908werethefirstinwhichwomentookaseriouspart－36womencametotheGamestocompete.ThefirstwomantowinanOlympiceventwastheBritishTennisPlayer,CharlotteCooper,whowonatenniseventin1900.From1908,however,thenumberofeventsbegantogrowwiththeintroductionofladies’gymnastics.Athleticseventsforwomenwereintroducedin1928attheGamesheldinAmsterdam.Today,womenareashighly-trainedandasfitasmen.Althoughinalmosteverysportwomenandmencompeteseparately,inhorse-ridingeventstheycompeteagainsteachotherandwomenhaveshownovertheyearsthattheyarejustasgood.

TheInternationalOlympicCommittee,whosehomeisinLausanneinSwitzerland,isresponsibleforalltheimportantdecisionsoftheOlympicMovement.Themembersofthiscommitteearechosennotbytheirgovernmentsbutbymembersalreadyonthecommitteeandtheyarethereforeabovepoliticsorgroupinterests.MostofthemembersaresimplyrichmenwhowishtokeepCoubertin’sideasalive.Noteverycountryisrepresented,therefore,becausethiswouldmeanmorethan120membersandnodecisionswouldeverbemade.

However,eachcountrymustformaNationalOlympicCommitteebeforeitisallowedtosendcompetitorstothegamesandthiscommitteemustberecognizedbytheInternationalOlympicCommittee.Atpresent,morethan136countrieshaveformedsuchacommittee.TheNationalCommitteesareresponsiblefororganizingthenationalteamsandfordecidingwhichcompetitorstosend.CompetitorscannotchoosetogototheGames－theymustbechosenandthismeanscompetingagainsttheirowncountrymen.Itisnotevenenoughtobethebestinthecountry,foreachcompetitormustbeabletoreachthestandardexpectedforentrytotheGames.Thesestandardschangeeachyearassportsmenandsportswomenimprove.Somecountriesarenotabletosendallthecompetitorstheywouldliketo,eveniftheyhavereachedtheexpectedstandard,becauseofthecost.TheNationalCommitteemustthendecidewhethertosendthecompetitorswhohavethemostchanceofwinningorwhether,instead,tosendcompetitorstorepresenteachsporteventhoughsomeofthemhavelittlehopeofdoingwell.

Notonlythecompetitorsbutalsotheteammanagermustbepaidfor.Themanagerisanextremelyimportantmemberoftheteam；heisresponsibleforthecompetitorswhiletheyareattheGamesandhisjobincludes,forexample,gettingthecompetitorstoeacheventontimeandhelpingwithmedicalorpersonalproblems.Mostcountriesaskthepeopleformoneytohelppayforthecostsoftravelandtraining.Alotofmoneyisgivenbybusinessesandcompanieswhoalsogive,forexample,clothes,shoesanduniforms.

ThecitywheretheGamesaretobeheldischosenbytheInternationalOlympicCommittee；thisisusuallydecidedfiveyearsbeforetheGamesaretotakeplace.SeveralcitiesmaywishtoholdtheGamesinanyoneyearandtheCommitteedecidesonlyafterithaslistenedtoandseentheargumentsandplansofeachcity.Oncechosen,thecitythenhasfiveyearstoprepare.

1.CoubertinplannedtoholdthefirstmodernOlympicGamesin_________inAthens.

A.1894B.1896

C.1899D.1900

2.ThecompetitorsofthefirstOlympicGamescamefromallofthefollowingcountriesEXCEPT__________.

A.UKB.Hungary

C.SwitzerlandD.Norway

3.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTpartofthefirstOlympicGames?

A.concertsB.circus

C.fencingD.boxing

4.Accordingtothepassage,themostsuccessfulmodernOlympicGameswastheoneheldin_________

A.Athens,GreeceB.St.Louis,America

C.Paris,FranceD.London,UK

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.WomenwerenotallowedtoparticipateintheancientOlympics.

B.WomenwerenotallowedtowatchtheOlympicGamesinthepast.

C.WomenappearedintheAmsterdamOlympicGames.

D.Before1908therewerenowomenintheOlympicGames.

6.Womenandmenalwayscompeteseparatelyexceptin_______

A.tennisB.racing

C.swimmingD.horse-riding

7.WhatdowelearnabouttheInternationalOlympicCommittee（IOC）?

A.EverycountryhasitsrepresentativesinIOC.

B.TherepresentativesinIOCspeakfortheirowncountries.

C.MostrepresentativesinIOCarewealthy.

D.TherepresentativesinIOCareelectedbytheirowncountry.

8.Itwas_________________thatareresp