3分词.docx

3分词.docx

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3分词

现在分词

主动语态

被动语态

一般式

完成式

doing

havingdone

beingdone

havingbeendone

1现在分词作定语

现在分词做定语表示主动或正在进行的动作，

与被修饰词之间为主动关系。

（分词在前、

分词短语在后）。

例：

Alittlechildlearningtowalkoftenfalls.

Helivesinaroomfacingthesouth.

Doyouknowthemanstandingbythewindow?

练习：

1.Aconservationistisaperson______toprotectournaturalresourcesandtohelpustomakewiseuseofthem.

A.havingbeenworkedB.beingworked

C.havingworkedD.working

2.Theteachertoldusan_______storyyesterday.

A.interestingB.interested

C.beinginterestedD.havinginterested

DA

2.现在分词作状语

当分词动作和谓语动作完全同时发生时，可用while或when引导分词结构。

例：

Don’tmentionthiswhiletalkingtohim.

练习：

1.________hehadmadeamistakesomewhere,hewentthroughhiscalculationsagain.

A.BeingthoughtB.Thought

C.HavingbeenthoughtD.Thinking

2.________thatthecaves（洞穴）weredangerous,Ididn’tliketogoanyfurtherwithoutalight.

A.HavingbeenknownB.Knowing

C.HavingheardD.Beingheard

DB

3.Thelion,_____hiscagedooropenand_______nosignofhiskeeper,leftthecageandwalkedslowlytowardthezooentrance.

A.finding,seeingB.found,saw

C.tofind,toseeD.beingfound,beingseen

4.While________forthebus,theoldmanmethisoldfriend.

A.beingwaitedB.havingwaited

C.waitedD.waiting

AD

3.现在分词作宾语补足语

某些感官动词或使役动词后接n./pron.+

现在分词，表示正在进行的动作，若接不

定式则表示动作的全过程。

这类动词有：

Hear,see,notice,watch,feel,find,make,have,get,keep等。

例：

Weheardtheclockstrikingsix.

Wewatchedtheworkmenwateringtheflowers.

练习：

1.Weheardher_______inthenextroom.

A.singingB.beingsungC.sung

D.sang

2.Themachinewaskept_______foramonth.

A.runningB.runC.beingrunD.havingrun

AA

Keepmewaitingforthebus;keepsbdoingsth

现在分词的时态和语态

若分词所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发

生或正在发生，用一般式。

若分词所表示

的动作先于谓语动词的动作，需用它的完

成式。

现在分词的被动语态表示它的逻辑

主语是其所表示的动作的承受者。

1.___theearthtobeflat,manyfearedthatColumbuswouldfallofftheedgeoftheearth.

A）Havingbelieved

B）Believing

C）Believed

D）Beingbelieved

2.___suchagoodchance,heplannedtolearnmore.

A）Tobegiven

B）Havingbeengiven

C）Havinggiven

D）Giving

BB

Exercises

1.Itrainedfortwoweeks,completely___our

holiday.

A）ruinedB）ruining

C）havingruinedD）toruin

2.Theroom_______isournewlaboratory.

A.repairingB.torepairC.beingrepaired

D.havingrepaired

3.______strongandhard,steelisusedfortools.

A.TobeB.HavingbeenC.BeingD.Been

4._______manyusefulproperties,metalsarewidelyusedinindustry.

A.HavingB.HavinghadC.TohaveD.Beinghad

5.Theysattogether,_____carefullythedesignofthebuilding.

A.studyingB.studiedC.andstudyingD.tostudy

6.Parentsshouldtelltheirchildrentoexercisegreatcarewhen______busyroads.

A.tocrossB.crossingC.crossedD.incrossing

7.Not____,manylawsofnatureactuallyexist.

A.havingdiscoveredB.tobediscovered

C.havingbeendiscoveredD.havingbeendiscovering

BCCAABC

过去分词

过去分词带有被动意义.

1.过去分词作定语

例：

Isthereanythingplannedfortonight?

Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,haveneverseenatrain.

练习

1.Homework__ontimewillleadtobetter

grades.

A）doneB）bedone

C）havingdoneD）tohavebeendone

2．Hisbookwasmuchbetterthansimilarbooks_______beforehim.

A.beingwrittenB.havingwritten

C.writtenD.writing

3.Moneycanbesavedbybuying______textbooksinsteadofnewoneswhenpossible.

A.touseB.usingC.usedD.tobeused

CCC

过去分词作状语

过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主

语一致，并且过去分词与句中主语是被动关系。

例：

Givenachance,Icansurprisetheworld.

Hecamein,followedbysomereporters.

Educatedbytheteacher,shehasmadegreatprogress.

练习：

1._______inthisway,thesituationdoesn’tseemso

disappointing.

A）TolookatB）lookingat

C）LookedatD）tobelookedat

2.When______whyhewalkedinwithoutpermission,hejuststaredatusandsaidnothing.

A）askingB）askedC）beingaskedD）.tobeasked

CB

3.过去分词作宾语补足语

某些感官动词/使役动词+n./pron.+过去分词，

表示感觉或让某事被做。

这类动词有：

see,notice,

observe,watch,hear,feel,get,have,make,

keep,find,leave

例：

Whenyoutalk,youhavetoatleastmakeyourselfunderstood.

Ihadmytaperecorderrepaired.

例题：

1.Don’tgetyourschedule__;staywithusinthisclass.

A.tochange

B.changing

C.changed

D.change

2.Haveyougotyourgoal______?

A）havingrealizedB）beingrealized

C）realizingD）realized

3.Someonemusthaveseenthetelevision_______.

A）stolenB）stealC）havingstolenD）stealing

CDA

独立结构

分词独立结构

分词短语作状语，它的逻辑主语是句子的主语。

如果分词短语有自己的逻辑主语，且和句子的主

语不同，它便是分词的独立主格结构。

要看分词

与其逻辑主语的关系，确定用现在分词或过去分

词。

例：

1.1n./pron.+Ving

Thelampburning,hefellasleep.

LeiFengliveson,hisstorylightinguptheheartsofmillionsofpeople.

练习：

1.Allflights__becauseofthesnowstorm,many

passengerscoulddonothingbuttakethetrain.

A）hadbeencancelled

B）havebeencancelled

C）werecancelled

D）havingbeencancelled

2．________,hehadtobein.

A.ForacolddayB.Thedaybeingcold

C.SinceacolddayD.Asacoldday

DB

1.2.n./pron.+Ved

例：

Herushedintotheroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.

Withalloursavingsgone,westartedlookingforjobs.

练习：

1.Allthings__,theplannedtripwillhavetobecalledoff.

A）consideredB）beconsidered

C）consideringD）havingconsidered

2．_______thisnewtechnique,moreaccurateresultshavebeenobtained.

A.UsingB.WeusingC.ItusingD.Resultusing

AB

练习（分词部分）

1.Alltheafternoonheworkedinhisstudywiththedoor_______.

A.tolockB.locking

C.lockedD.lock

2.Thereareabout70people________intheaccident.

A.werekilledB.whokilled

C.killingD.killed

3.Excuseme,butitistimetohaveyourtemperature_______.

A.takenB.takingC.tookD.take

4._______abigstoneontheroad,thetruckstopped.

A.SeeingB.Havingseen

C.SeenD.Thedriverseeing

5._______theirluggage,thetouristshurriedtotheairport.

A.PackedB.Afterpacked

C.Packing

D.Havingpacked

6.___danger,thebirdflewawayjustasthecatwasreadytospringuptocatchit.

A.Sensing

B.Havingbeensensed

C.Tosense

D.Sensed

7.Therecorder_____outoforder,thestudentsdidnotknowwhattodo.

A.wereB.beingC.hasbeenD.wasbeing

CDADDAB