MyGraduationSpeech辞汇.docx

MyGraduationSpeech辞汇.docx

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MyGraduationSpeech辞汇

Unit4lesson8

MyGraduationSpeech

2.Languagepoints

eminencen.superiorityinrank,position,achievement,etc.出众，卓越revelvi.makemerry;celebratenoisily作乐；狂欢tediousa.longandboring;uninteresting冗长的；乏味的pointlessa.withoutmeaningorpurpose无意义的；无目的的inspirationala.oforgivinginspiration有灵感的；给予灵感的；鼓舞人心的inspirationn.灵感；鼓舞人心的人（或事物）banala.dullorunoriginal陈腐的，老一套的herebyad.bydoingorsayingthis;asaresultofthis据此；因此permissionn.consent;authorization同意；许可permissiblea.可许诺的，许可的foremostad.inthefirstplace;beforeallelse首先；首要地ancestorn.any（esp.remote）personfromwhomoneisdescended祖先，祖宗spirituala.oforconcerningthespiritasopposedtomatter精神上的alignv.come,bringorarrangeintoaline（使）成一直线literatea.abletoreadandwrite;havingstudiedorreadagreatdeal有读写能力的；有文化修养的vigorn.greatphysicalormentalstrength精力，活力vigorousa.fullofvigor;showingphysicalstrengthoractivity精力旺盛的；充满活力的epicn.alongpoemaboutthedeedsofgodsandgreatmen,ortheearlyhistoryofanation叙事长诗；史诗unsurpasseda.unexcelled,notcapableofbeingimprovedon未被超越的；超群的，卓绝的moderationn.avoidanceofexcessesorextremes;theabilityorqualityofkeepingone'sdesireswithinreasonablelimits适度；节制ecologyn.thebranchofbiologydealingwiththerelationsoforganismstooneanotherandtotheirphysicalsurroundings生态学flourishvi.growvigorously;prosper;beinone'sprime繁荣；兴旺；处于旺盛时期spectacularlyad.inaspectacularmanner,stunningly引人注目地；令人吃惊地spectaculara.grandlyoutoftheordinary;strikingoramazing壮观的；令人称奇的horsemann.arideronhorseback;askilledrider骑马的人；骑手maraudern.apersonoranimalthatgoesaboutsearchingforthingstosteal,peopletoattack,etc.（尤指流动作案的）强盗，抢劫者；攫食的动物ruthlessa.havingnopityorcompassion无情的；残忍的brutala.havingorshowingnotenderhumanfeeling;cruel残忍的；野蛮的；残酷的subtletyn.thequalityorconditionofbeingsubtle;theabilityortendencytomakefinedistinctions微妙；细微；细致；精细crudea.rough,unpolished;notskillfullydoneorfinished粗糙的；不精细的grotesquea.strangeandunnaturalsoastoarousefearorlaughter奇形怪状的；怪诞的；可笑的overrunvt.spreadover;conquer（territory）byforce蔓延；侵占desecratevt.violate（asacredplaceorthing）withviolence;treatasnotsacred玷辱（神明）；亵渎ushervt.bring,esp.byshowingtheway引，领roamv.wanderwithnospecialplanorpurpose漫游；闲逛abstractlyad.inanabstractstateormanner;withoutanyparticularaimorpurpose抽象地；无明确目的地brieflyad.inaconcisemanner;forashorttime简要地；短暂地esteemn.highregard;favorableopinion尊重；好评vt.haveahighregardfor;greatlyrespect;thinkfavorablyof尊重；敬重；赞成exalteda.elevatedinrank,position,etc.;noble,lofty（地位等）高的，崇高的；尊贵的，高尚的exaltvt.raiseinstatusorpower,etc.;praisehighly提升；晋升；赞扬humankindn.humanbeingscollectively人类precisionn.thequalityofbeingprecise;exactness精确；准确precisea.exactinform,detail,measurements,time,etc.精确的，准确的indistinguishablea.thatcannotbedistinguishedasbeingdifferentorseparate难以分辩的;难以区别的aspirevi.desirestronglytoachievesth.;haveambitionforsth.渴望；追求；有雄心aspirationn.（a）strongdesiretodosth.orhavesth.,esp.sth.greatorimportant强烈愿望，热望；志向，抱负clichén.afamiliarphraseorexpressionusedsooftenthatithaslostmuchofitsexpressiveforce陈词滥调；老生常谈vulnerablea.weak;easilyhurtorattacked脆弱的；易受伤的；易受攻击的restraintn.controlsorlimitations;thingsthatpreventonefromdoingsth.克制；约束continuityn.thestateofbeingcontinuous连续性；连贯性continuala.goingonwithoutstopping;happeningoverandoveragain持续不断的；频繁的affectationn.artificialbehaviormeanttoimpressothers;afeelingormannerthatispretended不自然的行为；矫揉造作idiotesn.（Gk）apersonwhoisnotinthepubliceye;anignorantperson平庸的人；无知的人idiotn.afoolishorstupidperson白痴；傻瓜popularityn.thestateorqualityofbeingwellliked,favored,oradmired普遍；流行；受欢迎natural-borna.天生的cuttern.aworkerwhosejobiscuttingcloth,glass,stone,etc.（服装）剪裁师；玻璃切割工；凿石工avenuen.aroadorwayborderedwithtrees;astreet,esp.awide,principalonethatrunsatrightanglestootherscalledstreets林阴道；大街persuasionn.theactofpersuading;thestateofbeingpersuaded;agroupofpeopleholdingaparticularbelief劝说；说服；持有某种信仰的宗派closeta.private;secret私下的；秘密的n.asmallroomorcupboardforclothes,etc.;asmall,privateroomforreading,meditation,etc.壁橱；储藏室；小房间（阅读、沉思用）scrawlvt.write,drawormarkhastilyorcarelessly乱写；乱画；乱涂obscenityn.thestateofbeingobscene;obscenewordoract淫秽，猥亵；猥亵淫秽的话（或行为）obscenea.indecent,disgusting（usu.aboutsex）淫秽的，猥亵的glimpsen.&v.（have）abrief,quicklook（at）一瞥，一看mightilyad.withpowerorstrength;greatly有力地；强烈地；大大地outnumbervt.exceedinnumber数目超过；比…多PhrasesandExpressionssitthroughremainseateduntiltheendof;bepresentat一直坐到…结束；出席be/havedonewithhavefinishedwith;befinishedwith结束；完毕firstandforemostmostimportantly;aboveallelse最重要的；首先alignoneselfwithsb.joinsb.asanally;comeintoagreementwithsb.与某人结盟；与某人一致put...toshamecauseshameto（sb./sth.）;show（sb./sth.）tobeinferiorbycomparison使（某人/某事）蒙羞；使（某人/某事）相形见绌sweepdownmovesteadilywithgreatforceorspeed席卷；突袭usherinintroduceormarkthebeginningofanewperiod,fashion,generation,etc.引进（新时期、新一代等）；标志着（新时期、新时尚、新一代）的开始knownasgenerallyrecognizedas;calledorlabeledas公认为；被称为hold...inhighesteemhaveaveryfavorableopinionof;showgreatrespectto给…以好评；对…非常尊敬aspiretodesirestronglytoachieve（sth.）;haveambitionfor（sth.）渴望取得；对…抱有雄心takeinterestinbekeentoknowmoreabout（sth.）orbeinvolvedin（it）对…感兴趣catchthefancyofsb./sb.'sfancypleasesb.;appealtosb.合某人的心意；吸引某人havetodowithbeconnectedwith;berelatedto与…有联系；与…有关athomeateaseasifinone'sownhome;familiar自在；无拘无束；熟悉ProperNamesNeilPostman尼尔·波斯特曼Greece希腊（欧洲巴尔干半岛南部国家）Athens雅典（希腊首都）Democritus德谟克利特（460—370BC，古希腊唯物主义哲学家，原子论创始人之一）Athenian雅典人Visigoth西哥特人（公元5世纪后入侵罗马帝国并在法国和西班牙建立王国的条顿族人）theDarkAges黑暗时代（公元5世纪至11世纪，欧洲中世纪的早期）Plato柏拉图（427—347BC，古希腊哲学家）Aristotle亚里士多德（384—322BC，古希腊哲学家和科学家，柏拉图的学生）

MYGRADUATIONSPEECH我在毕业典礼上的演讲

byNeilPostman尼尔波斯特曼

Havingsatthroughtwodozenorsograduationspeeches,Ihavenaturallywonderedwhytheyaresooftensobad.Onereason,ofcourse,isthatthespeakersarechosenfortheireminenceinsomefield,andnotbecausetheyareeithercompetentspeakersorgiftedwriters.Anotherreasonisthattheaudienceiseagertobedonewithallceremonysothatitcanproceedtosomeseriousreveling.

Thusanyspeechlongerthan,say,fifteenminuteswillseemtedious,ifnotentirelypointless.Thereareotherreasonsaswell,includingthedifficultyofsayingsomethinginspirationalwithoutbeingbanal.HereItrymyhandatwritingagraduationspeech,andnotmerelytodiscoverifIcanconquertheform.ThisispreciselywhatIwouldliketosaytoyoungpeopleifIhadtheirattentionforafewminutes.

作者按：

聆听过几十场毕业典礼上的演讲后，我不由地奇怪什么缘故它们常常是那样蹩脚。

固然，一个缘故是这些讲演者被选中是因为他们在某一领域的卓越成绩，而不是因为他们是超卓的演讲者或有才华的作家。

另一个缘故是听众急切盼望着典礼快点终止，以便接下去就能够开始狂欢。

因此任何超过15分钟的演讲都会显得冗长乏味，若是不是毫无心义的话。

还有其他缘故，其中包括要说出一些既给人以灵感又不落俗套的话并非易事。

在此我试着写了一篇毕业典礼上的演讲，不只是为了看看我是不是能写好这种文体。

这也正是我想对年轻人说的话，若是他们能注意听我讲上几分钟。

Ifyouthinkmygraduationspeechisgood,Iherebygrantyoupermissiontouseit,withoutfurtherapprovalfromorcredittome,shouldyoubeinanappropriatesituation.

若是你以为我的毕业演讲不错，在此我同意你在适合的场合利用它，而不必再征得我的同意或给我什么荣誉。

Membersofthefaculty,parents,guests,andgraduates,havenofear.Iamwellawarethatonadayofsuchhighexcitement,whatyourequire,firstandforemost,ofanyspeakerisbrevity.Ishallnotfailyouinthisrespect.Thereareexactlyeighty-fivesentencesinmyspeech,fourofwhichyouhavejustheard.ItwilltakemeabouttwelveminutestospeakallofthemandImusttellyouthatsucheconomywasnoteasyformetoarrange,becauseIhavechosenasmytopicthecomplexsubjectofyourancestors.Not,ofcourse,yourbiologicalancestors,aboutwhomIknownothing,butyourspiritualancestors,aboutwhomIknowalittle.Tobespecific,Iwanttotellyouabouttwogroupsofpeoplewholivedmanyyearsagobutwhoseinfluenceisstillwithus.Theywereverydifferentfromeachother,representingoppositevaluesandtraditions.Ithinkitisappropriateforyoutoberemindedofthemonthisdaybecause,soonerthanyouknow,youmustalignyourselfwiththespiritofoneorthespiritoftheother.

教师们、家长们、宾客们和毕业生们，不要担忧。

我完全明白在如此一个兴奋人心的日子里，你们对任何一名演讲者最要紧的要求确实是简练。

我可不能在这一点上让你们失望的。

我的演讲共有85个句子，其中四句你们方才已经听到了。

我将用12分钟左右的时刻讲完所有的话，而我必需告知你们，要做到如此精练对我来讲并非易事，因为我选择了一个复杂的题目作为我的话题，这确实是你们的先人。

固然不是你们生物学意义上的先人，因为我对他们一无所知，而是你们精神上的先人，关于他们我那么略知一二。

确切地说，我想向你们讲述两群人，他们的阻碍仍存在于咱们中间。

他们完全不同，代表了截然相反的价值观和传统。

我以为在今天向你们提及他们是适宜的，因为专门快，比你们想象得要快，你们就必需融入其中一群人的精神当中。

Thefirstgrouplivedabout2,500yearsagointheplacewhichwenowcallGreece;inacitytheycalledAthens.Wedonotknowasmuchabouttheiroriginsaswewouldlike.Butwedoknowagreatdealabouttheiraccomplishments.Theywere,forexample,thefirstpeopletodevelopacompletealphabet,andthereforetheybecamethefirsttrulyliteratepopulationonearth.Theyinventedtheideaofpoliticaldemocracy,whichtheypracticedwithavigorthatputsustoshame.Theyinventedwhatwecallphilosophy.Andtheyalsoinventedwhatwecalllogicandrhetoric.Theycameveryclosetoinventingwhatwecallscienceandoneofthem-Democritusbyname-conceivedoftheatomictheoryofmatter2,300yearsbeforeitoccurredtoanymodernscientist.Theycomposedandsangepicpoemsofunsurpassedbeautyandinsight.Andtheywroteandperformedplaysthat,almostthreemillennialater,stillhavethepowertomakeaudienceslaughandweep.

Theyeveninvented