初三英语阅读理解知识归纳总结附解析.docx
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初三英语阅读理解知识归纳总结附解析
初三英语阅读理解知识归纳总结附解析
一、中考英语阅读理解汇编
1.阅读理解
EnglishisbecomingmoreandmorepopularinChina.Itcanbeusedineveryfield,suchasonsomesignsandrestaurantmenus.Buttherearesomeproblemswhenpeopleuseit.Perhapsyou'veseentheEnglishletters"WC"inyourcity.Theyshowpublictoilets.Butdoyouknowitisfarfromnative(地道的)English?
Infact,foreignersfromEnglish﹣speakingcountriesseldomusetheletters.
Workersinourcityarechanging"WC"signsalloverthecity.ThegovernmentisspendingmuchmoneychangingallthebadEnglishonsignsandrestaurantmenus.ManyotherplacesinChinaarefollowingoursteps.
"WC,orwatercloset,isold﹣fashionedEnglish.Itsoundsdirtytome."saysNancy,ayoungwomanfromtheUS.Theoldsignwillbecome"Gents/Men"and"Ladies/Women"."IseemuchpoorEnglishineverydaylife,andnotonlyonsigns,"shesays,"Iknowwhattheymean,buttheyareChinglish,notrealEnglish.Forexample,whensomeonesaystome"MyhometownisGuizhouProvince",Iknowheorsheshouldsay"MyhometownisinGuizhouProvince".Hometownisasmallerplaceinaprovince.ThecommonmistakesthatNancypickedupinclude"NotEntry",whichshouldbe"NoEntry","DirectionofAirport"shouldbechangedto"TotheAirport".Anditis"RoomRate",not"RoomPrice".Andrememberto"KeepofftheGrass"ratherthan"CareoftheGreen".
Thenexttimeyouwalkonthestreetoreatintherestaurant,youcangoandseeiftheexpressionsareright.
(1)Whoseldomuseslettersof"WC"accordingtothepassage?
A. Chinesestudents.
B. Foreignersfromothercountries.
C. TeachersinChina.
D. English﹣speakingforeigners.
(2)What'stheattitude(态度)ofthegovernmenttowardsthebadEnglishonsigns?
A. It'snative.
B. Itshouldbechanged.
C. Itdoesn'tmatter.
D. Itcanbeusedonsigns.
(3)WhenNancyseesmuchpoorEnglishineverydaylife, .
A. shethinksitshouldbecorrected
B. shethinksitisdirty
C. shethinksitisproper
D. shelikestouseit
(4)WhichofthefollowingsignsisRight?
A. NotEntry
B. RoomPrice
C. TotheAirport
D. CareoftheGreen
(5)Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A. Chinglishonmenus.
B. MoneyspentonChinglish.
C. UsagesofnativeEnglish.
D. Lettersof"WC".
【答案】
(1)D
(2)B
(3)A
(4)C
(5)C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了目前我国出现很多标志以及日常用的英语不地道,相关部门进行整改,以及采访了几个来自说英语国家对我国用汉语式英文的感受。
(1)细节题。
根据原文Infact,foreignersfromEnglish﹣speakingcountriesseldomusetheletters事实上,来自说英语国家的外国人很少用这个词,故选D。
(2)细节题。
根据原文ThegovernmentisspendingmuchmoneychangingallthebadEnglishonsignsandrestaurantmenus政府花很多钱来改变所有不良的英文标志和餐馆的菜单,可知政府是认为要改变的,故选B。
(3)细节题。
根据原文ThecommonmistakesthatNancypickedupinclude"NotEntry",whichshouldbe"NoEntry","DirectionofAirport"shouldbechangedto"TotheAirport".Anditis"RoomRate",not"RoomPrice".Andrememberto"KeepofftheGrass"ratherthan"CareoftheGreen".Nancy发现的包括NotEntry,应该是NoEntry,飞机场的方向应该改为TotheAirport,RoomRate而不是RoomPrice,而且记住勿践踏草地是用KeepofftheGrass而不是CareoftheGreen,可知她认为应该要把这些不标准的英文该改过来,故选A。
(4)细节题。
根据原文"DirectionofAirport"shouldbechangedto"TotheAirport".飞机场的方向应该改为otheAirport,所以TotheAirport的表达是正确的,故选C。
(5)主旨题。
根据原文主要介绍了目前我国出现很多标志以及日常用的英语不地道,相关部门进行整改,以及采访了几个来自说英语国家对我国用汉语式英文的感受,可知主要在讲述地道英语的运用,故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案;主旨题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出中心思想。
2.阅读理解
Friendsareimportanttothechildren.Researchshowsthatchildrenwhohavenofriendscansufferfromdifficultieslaterinlife.Friendshipprovideschildrenwithmorethanjustfun.Bymakingfriends,childrenlearnhowtogetintouchwithothersandsolveproblems.Havingfriendsevendoesgoodtochildren'sstudyfortheycanhelpeachotherafterclass.
Ifparentscareabouttheirchildrenwhethertheyhavemademanyfriends,whatmattersisthatthechildiscomfortableandhappywithhisfriends.Parentsneedtounderstandthestepschildrentakeinbuildingfriendships.
Firstofall,beafriendofyourchild's.Goodfriendshipsstartathome.Childrenbegintodevelopthenecessaryabilitytogooutandmeetothersthroughgettingonwiththeirparents.Greetthechildwarmlyandlethimknowyouaregladtoseehim.Childrenlearnalotfromhowtheirparentsstaywiththemandotherpeople.
Teachchildrenhowtosolveconflicts.Beingabletoworkoutconflictsisanimportantskillingettingalongwithothers.Ifparentsknowthechildrenhaveaconflict,letthemworkitoutontheirown.Onlystepinifitisreallynecessary,forexample,anargumentisgettingphysical.
Givechildrenchancestopractisestayingtogether.Makechildrenplaygamesthatrequireteamworkandgroupproblem-solvingskills.Forexample,racesarefunandprovideplentyofpracticeinteamwork."Inwhatwaydidn'tyouworkwelltogether?
Whatmightyoudodifferentlynexttime?
"Fortheseideas,readbookssuchasCooperativeSportsandGamesBookbyTerryOrlick,andTeamBuildingActivitiesforEveryGroupbyAlannaJones.
Encouragechildrentoexpressthankstoothers.Parentscanencouragechildrentodothisbysettingexamplesforthem.
(1)Accordingtothearticle,ifonechildhasnofriend,hewill .
A. havesometroublesinthefuture
B. worryabouteverythinginthefuture
C. notknowtheimportanceofmakingfriends
D. notfindanybodytohelphim
(2)FriendshipscanbehelpfultochildrenEXCEPT .
A. providingalotoffun
B. gettingintouchwithothers
C. solvingproblems D. helpingotherstocheatintheexams
(3)Thewriter'spurposeofwritingthearticleisto .
A. tellwhatparentsshoulddotohelpchildrenmakefriends
B. showhavingfriendsevendoesgoodtochildren'sstudyduringtheclasses
C. tellparentstounderstandthestepsofchildren'sfriendships
D. showhowimportantfriendshipsaretochildren
(4)Whenchildrenhaveaconflict,parentsshould .
A. letthemfightwitheachotheruntiltheyfindwhothewinneris
B. donothingtothechildrenandbelievetheirabilities
C. letthemworkitoutbythemselvesandhelpifnecessary
D. talkwiththemandtrytofindgoodwaystoletthemstaytogether
【答案】
(1)A
(2)D
(3)A
(4)C
【解析】【分析】文章大意:
朋友对孩子很重要。
友谊给孩子们带来的不仅仅是乐趣。
通过交朋友,孩子们学会了如何与他人联系和解决问题。
有朋友甚至对孩子的学习有好处,因为他们可以在课后互相帮助。
作为家长应学会如何帮助自己的孩子交朋友,本文就这问题给我们提出了一些建议。
(1)细节理解题,根据Researchshowsthatchildrenwhohavenofriendscansufferfromdifficultieslaterinlife. 可知,如果孩子没有朋友,在未来的生活中会遇到一些困难,故答案是A。
(2)细节理解题,根据Friendshipprovideschildrenwithmorethanjustfun.Bymakingfriends,childrenlearnhowtogetintouchwithothersandsolveproblems.Havingfriendsevendoesgoodtochildren'sstudyfortheycanhelpeachotherafterclass.可知,有一可以给孩子们带来更多的乐趣,学会如何跟别人相处,也可以帮着提高自己的学习成绩,而不会帮着别人在考试中作弊,故答案是D。
(3)细节理解题,根据 Parentsneedtounderstandthestepschildrentakeinbuildingfriendships.可知,文章告诉家长该如何做来帮着孩子交朋友,故答案是A。
(4)细节理解题,根据 Ifparentsknowthechildrenhaveaconflict,letthemworkitoutontheirown.可知,如果父母知道孩子们有了冲突,要让孩子们自己解决,故答案是C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节理解题和逻辑推理题。
细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案。
3.阅读理解
Ourmonthlytalksstartat19:
30onthefirstThursdayofeachmonthexceptAugust.Admissionisatnormalchargesandyoudon'tneedtobook.Theyendaround21:
00.
November7thTheCanal(运河)Pioneers(先驱者),byChrisLewis.JamesBrindleyisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingearlycanalengineers.Hewasalsoamajorplayerintrainingothersintheartofcanalplanningandbuilding.ChrisLewiswillexplainhowBrindleymadesuchapositivecontributiontotheeducationofthatgroupofearly"civilengineers".
December5thIcefortheMetropolis,byMalcolmTucker.Wellbeforethearrivaloffreezers,therewasademandforiceforfoodpreservationandcatering.
Malcolmwillexplainthehistoryofimportingnaturaliceandthetechnologyofbuildingicewells,andhowLondon'sicetradegrew.
February6thAnUpdateontheCotswoldCanals,byLizPayne.TheStroudwaterCanalismovingtowardsreopening.TheThamesandSevernCanalwilltakealittlelonger.Wewillhaveareportonthepresentstateofplay.
March6thEyotsandAits---ThamesIstands,byMirandaVickers.TheThameshadmanyislands.Mirandahasundertakenareviewofallofthem.Shewilltellusaboutthoseofgreatestinterest.
(1)WhenisthetalkonJamesBrindley?
A. OnFebruary6th.
B. OnMarch6th.
C. OnNovember7th.
D. OnDecember5th.
(2)WhatisthetopicofthetalkinFebruary?
A. TheCanalPioneers.
B. IcefortheMetropolis.
C. EyousandAits-ThamesIstands.
D. AnUpdateontheCotswoldCanals.
(3)WhowillgivethetalkontheislandsintheThames?
A. MirandaVickers.
B. MalcolmTucker.
C. ChrisLewis.
D. LizPayne.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)D
(3)A
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了博物馆每个月的讲座安排。
(1)细节题。
根据11月7日运河(运河)先锋(先驱者),作者克里斯·刘易斯。
詹姆斯·布林德利是公认的早期运河工程师之一可知,11月7日是关于JamesBrindley的讲座,故选C。
(2)细节题。
根据February6th AnUpdateontheCotswoldCanals,byLizPayne.TheStroudwaterCanalismovingtowardsreopening.TheThamesandSevernCanalwilltakealittlelonger.Wewillhaveareportonthepresentstateofplay2月6日利兹·佩恩报道科茨沃尔德运河的最新情况。
斯特劳德运河正朝着重新开放的方向发展。
泰晤士河和塞文运河将需要一点时间。
我们将有一份关于比赛现状的报告,可知二月份谈话的主题是科茨沃尔德运河的最新消息,故选D。
(3)细节题。
根据 March6th EyotsandAits---ThamesIstands,byMirandaVickers 可知MirandaVickers将在泰晤士河中的岛屿上发表演讲,故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题、推断题,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案;推断题需要联系上下文,推断出需要的信息。
4.阅读理解
Theunknownworld'smystery
Theseaisthebiggestunknownpartofourworld.Itcoversaboutse