湖北省学年高二上学期期末联考英语试题分类汇编阅读理解.docx
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湖北省学年高二上学期期末联考英语试题分类汇编阅读理解
湖北省2020-2021学年高二上学期期末联考英语试题分类汇编
-阅读理解
湖北省武汉市部分重点中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期末联考英语试题
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Aquarteroftheworld'shumansareathomerightnow.Ifyou'rereadingthis,chancesarethatyou'reoneofthem.Yes,it'simportanttostaysafeindoorstoprotectourselvesandothers,butthatdoesn'tmeanyoucan'thaveagoodtime.Wewillcreateanendlesslistofthingstodoindoors.Stickwithusandwepromiseyouwon'tbeboredforasecond.
Catchuponliteraryclassics
Youknowthatpileofbooksthatyouhaven'teverquitemanagedtogetinto?
There'llneverbeabettertimetoconquerit.Andifyou'vealreadyexhaustedyourlibrary,youcannowaccessmorethanamillionbooksforfreeonlineaspartofthe'NationalEmergencyLibrary'.Usually,you'dhavetojoinaqueuebeforebeingabletoborrowanything.Butnowyoucanjustdipintowhateveryouwant,whenever.
Joinavirtualchoir
Ifthevideosofcitiesinlockdowncomingtogethertosingontheirbalconiesleftyouwithalumpinyourthroat,here'syourchancetoaddyoursoundtooneofseveralonlinechoirspoppinguparoundtheworld.TheSofaSingersisafreeonlinesingingeventthataimsto'bringpeopletogetherfromaroundtheworldtopromotejoyandhumanconnection'.ItinvolveshundredsofsingersjoiningaZoomcallandlearninganewsongtogether.
Formnewbondswithyourneighbours
Innormaltimes,youmightnotbethetypetoactuallytalktoyourneighbours.Butlet'sbehonest:
yoursociallife'sawreckrightnow,andyou'regoingtomakefriendswiththepeoplenextdoor,nomatterwhat.SowhynottakeinspirationfromBalconyPartiesInMiami,ortheLondonerHostingAthleticClassesOnHisDoorstep?
Goon,getsocial-inadistantkindofway,ofcourse.
21.What'sthepurposeofthewriter?
'
A.Toenrichpeople'slife.B.Toeducatetheuncivilized.
C.Totrainprofessionalsingers.D.Tobuildaharmonioussociety.
22.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"withalumpinyourthroat"mean?
A.thestateofbeingchoked.B.thestateofsingingaloud.
C.thestateofwantingtosing.D.thestateofhavingabadvoice.
23.Theauthorimpliesthatneighbours.
A.seldomcommunicatewithoneanother.
B.usuallyformacommunitysinginggroup.
C.oftenshareliterarybookswitheachother.
D.holdpartiesonthebalconyeveryweekend.
B
Afewyearsago,myfatherarrangedtosendmeamail-orderfruitcakeatChristmastime.AlthoughIhadagoodjobandownedanapartmentinManhattan,hefearedmycupboardsandrefrigeratormightbebare.IhadrecentlymovedfromCalifornia,wheremyparentsstilllivedintheirsuburbanbungalowof50years,thehouseIgrewupin.
Hewantedmetohaveaparticularbrandoffruitcake."Itremindsmeofmymother's,"hetoldmeinaphonecall.Orderingthefruitcakewashiswayoftryingtotakecareofmefromafar."ItshouldarrivethefirstweekofDecember,"hesaid."Assoonasyougetit,letmeknowwhatyouthink."ThefirstweekofDecemberpassedwithnosignofhisfruitcake.Delayedbyholidaymail,Iassumed,orabacklogoforders.
ThedaybeforemyflighttoCalifornia,thefruitcakestillhadnotarrived.WhenIarrivedatmyparents'house,hesaid,"Didyougetthefruitcake?
""No,butI'msureit'llbetherewhenIgohome."
Assoonasthewordleftmylips,Irealizedthathome,forthem,wasakindoftriggering(触发)word.Becausewasn'tthishome?
Wasn'tIhomenow,withmyparentsgreetingme,askingwhetherIwashungryafterthelongflight?
January,February,andMarchcameandwentwithnofruitcake.Thoughmyfathercontinuedtoaskaboutit,Ineveronceconsideredlyingandtellinghimyes,thefruitcakehadfinallyarrivedandwasdelicious.InsteadIsaid,"Thatcakeistravelingearth,andsoonerorlateritwillland."
"That'sagoodone!
"hesaid,
Hissenseofhumorneverwavered,andastimewentonhewouldbringupthejourneyofhisfruitcakenowandthen.
"Iwonderwhereitisnow,"he'dsay.
"It'stakenadetour(绕道)toPluto(冥王星)."
Helikedthatonetoo.
"Doyouwantmetoorderanother,incaseitnevercomes?
"
"That'sOK.Dad.Isaid."I'llwaitforthisone.It'lltasteevenbetteraftertouringtheuniverse."
EarlylastDecember,nearlyayearaftermyfatherdiedfromafailingheart,Igotacallfromastafferatthefrontdeskofmyapartmentbuilding.
"Youhaveapackage,"hesaid.
24.Whydidtheauthor'sfatherpurchaseafruitcakeforherafewyearsago?
A.Becauseherfathermissedhisownmothersomuch.
B.Becauseherfatherwasconcernedaboutherverymuch.
C.Becauseherfatherknewshewastoobusytobuyoneherself.
D.Becauseherfatherwantedtoshareaparticularbrandoffruitcakewithher.
25.Whichwordcanbeusedtodescribetheauthor'sfeelinginparagraph4?
A.Regretful.B.Shocked.C.Unbelievable.D.Heartbroken.
26.Whatcanweknowaboutthefruitcakeaccordingtothetext?
A.Itwastouringtheuniverse.
B.Itfailedtoreachtheauthor.
C.Itarrivedaftertheauthor'sfatherdied.
D.ItwassenttoherbeforesheleftforCalifornia.
27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.ALateCall.B.Dad'sPackage.
C.AdventureofaGift.D.Grandma'sFruitcake.
C
Listeningtonewmusicishard.Nothardcomparedtogoingtospaceorwar,buthardcomparedtolisteningtomusicwealreadyknow.
Thereisaphysiologicalexplanationinourdesiretoseekcomfortinthefamiliar.Itcanhelpusunderstandwhylisteningtonewmusicissohard,andwhyitcanmakeusfeeluneasy,angry,orevenriotous(暴乱的).Ithastodowiththeplasticityofourbrains.
Whenitcomestohearingmusic,anetworkofnervesintheauditorycortexcalledthecorticofugal(离皮质的)networkhelpsclassifythedifferentpatternsofmusic.Whenaspecificsoundmapsontoapattern,ourbrainsreleaseanamountofdopamine(多巴胺),themainchemicalsourceofsomeofourmostintenseemotions.Thisistheessentialreasonwhymusictriggerssuchpowerfulemotionalreactions.
TakethechorusofasongbyAdeleorBruceSpringsteen,manyofwhichhaveveryrecognizablemelody.Themajorityofourbrainshavememorizedthesemelodiesandknowexactlywhattoexpectwheneachcomesaround.WhenthecorticofugalnetworkregistersthatSpringsteenchorus,ourbrainsreleasejusttherightamountofdopamine.
Butwhenwehearsomethingthathasn'talreadybeenmappedontothebrain,thecorticofugalnetworkgoesabitoutofcontrol,andourbrainsreleasetoomuchdopamineasaresponse.Whenthereisnomaporpatterntoattachto,musiccanregisterasunpleasantorbad.
That'swhathappenedonenightinParisin1913.ThepiecethatwasshownattheThéatredesChamps-élyséesforthefirsttimethatnightwasIgorStravinsky'sTheRiteofSpring.AsdescribedinthedailynewspaperLeFigaro,manymembersoftheaudiencecouldnotunderstandthisnewmusic.Afterthefailureofthatevening,however,theballetcontinuedrunningatthetheaterformanymonths.Atthesecond,therewasnoiseonlyduringthelatterpartoftheballet;atthethird,'thunderousapplause'andlittleprotest.AtaconcertperformanceofRiteoneyearlater,'excitementandadoration'sweptoverthecrowd,andadmirerssurroundedStravinskyinthestreetafterward,inariotofdelight."
Wearebuilttoavoidtheuncertaintyofnewnessandourbrainsactuallyfightagainsttheunfamiliarityoflife.Theactoflisteningtonewmusicishard,butit'snecessary.Ourbrainschangeastheyrecognizenewpatternsintheworld,whichiswhatmakesbrainsuseful.
28.Accordingtothepassage,whyisithardtolistentonewmusic?
A.Becauseourbrainstellusit'sunpleasant.
B.Becausenewmusictendtobeunappealing.
C.Becausenewmusiccantriggeremotionalreactions.
D.Becauseourbrainsreleasedopaminewhenlisteningtonewmusic.
29.WhydopeoplelikethechorusofAdele'ssong?
A.Becauseitisfamiliartous.
B.Becauseitiseasytomemorize.
C.Becauseithasaspecificsoundmap.
D.Becauseitaffectsthenetworkofnerves.
30.What'sthepurposeofparagraph6?
A.Toshowthatpeoplearechangeable.
B.Tointroduceaneventhappeningin1913.
C.Toappealtopeopletolistentonewmusic.
D.Toprovethatpeopletendtodislikenewmusic.
31.Whatmaybetalkedaboutnext?
A.Waysoflisteningtonewmusic.
B.Otheractivitiesthatbenefitourbrains.
с.Benefitswecangetfromlisteningtonewmusic.
D.Reasonswhywearebuilttoavoidtheuncertainty.
D
Intheoceans,concrete(混凝土)isthemainconstructionmaterial,accountingformorethan70%ofcoastalandmarineconstructionsuchasports,coastaldefencestructuresandwaterfronts."Concreteisdamagingintheoceanbecause,toputitinplace,naturalecosystemsaredestroyed,"saysAlexRogers,directorofscienceatREVOcean,anot-for-profitcompanystudyingoceanhealthandraisingawarenessofglobalimpactsonthemarineenvironment."Concreteisaconventionalmaterial,anditislowcost.Butreally,inthisdayandage,weshouldbelookingatalternativematerialsthathavealowerimpactontheenvironment."
Thosealternativesmightalreadybehere.AmongthemisasubstancecalledECOncrete,developedasaneco-friendlyconcrete.ECOncreteproducesbioenhancingconcreteproductsintendedtoprotectcoastlinesandmarineresources.Thisisachievedbyusingamixturemadealmostentirelyofby-productsandrecycledmaterials,andisthusnearlycarbonneutral.Thismixtureiscombinedwithupto70%slagcement(abyproductofthesteelindustrywhichhasalowcarbonfootprint)andisbeneficialformarineconcretethankstoitshighchloride(氯化物)resistance.Theoverallresultisalow-carbonconcrete.
Furthermor