科技英语试题及答案.docx
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科技英语试题及答案
科技英语一套
单项选择题
第1题Aspartsoftheworldbecome______,millionsofpeoplewilltrytomigratetomore______areas.本题1分
A、hospitable…uninhabitable
B、uninhabitable…hospitable
C、habitable…inhospitable
D、inhospitable…uninhabitable
第2题A(n)______issomeonewhoisbeingconsideredforaposition,forexamplesomeonewhoisrunninginanelectionorapplyingforajob.本题1分
A、astronomer
B、scientist
C、candidate
D、researcher
B第3题Therearescientificsatellitesin__________thatmeasurewaveheights,buttoofewtogivereliableworldwidecoverage.本题1分
A、mark
B、orbit
C、store
D、line
A第4题Thefirst-yearcoursesprovideshortintroductionstotheseareas,whilethesecond-yearcourses__________theareasingreaterdepth.本题1分
A、classify
B、investigate
C、clarify
D、examine
D第5题Theirmarriagewasindangerofbreakinguplastyearbutitseemsquite______now.本题1分
A、favorable
B、critical
C、profitable
D、stable
B第6题Ifindividualsareawakenedeachtimeastheybeganadreamphaseofsleep,theyarelikelytobecomeirritableeveniftheirtotalamountofsleephasbeen______.本题1分
A、efficient
B、sufficient
C、deficient
D、proficient
第7题Shebecamethefirstwomantoentertheschoolbutwithdrewafterafewdays________stress.本题1分
A、inspiteof
B、insteadof
C、becauseof
D、inhonorof
C第8题Shewantedtoaskhimallabouthisprivatelife,butwisely__________herself.本题1分
A、rescued
B、held
C、restrained
D、curbed
D第9题Afterhewasattacked,hemanagedto__________tothephoneandcallforhelp.本题1分
A、pound
B、stabber
C、turn
D、stagger
C第10题Theissuewaswhetherornotthebacteria(细菌)inhisbodywould__________thelocalecosystem.本题1分
A、break
B、balance
C、contaminate
D、contain
B第11题Whydon’tyoudosomethingaboutyourroom—it’sreallya______.本题1分
A、hump
B、dump
C、bump
D、lump
C第12题Workhasseemingly______intoeverything,includingdinnerparties.本题1分
A、probed
B、leaked
C、seeped
D、filtered
B第13题Thekingblamed______andtaxesforhighoilpricesandsuggestedsettingupaprogramof1billionU.S.dollarstosolvetheoilcrisis.本题1分
A、peculiarity
B、speculation
C、spectacle
D、prospect
B第14题Afewofthedrugsare______andnotcoveredbyinsurancecompanies.本题1分
A、influential
B、experimental
C、substantial
D、accidental
B第15题Althoughhehashisownideas,heseldom______advicefromotherpeople.本题1分
A、overlook
B、neglect
C、ignore
D、disregard
D第16题Itisexpectedthatinthefuturerobotswill______mantodothosedangerousjobs.本题1分
A、relax
B、relate
C、request
D、replace
B第17题Ifamurdererintentionallysetoutto__________acrime,heshouldanswerfortheconsequences.本题1分
A、perform
B、commit
C、execute
D、accomplish
A第18题Acontractistheonlydocumentbetweenthepartiestowhichtheymay______forclarification(澄清)ofmutualresponsibilities.本题1分
A、refer
B、offer
C、prefer
D、differ
B第19题Beforeyoustartedto______,makesuretheroadisclearaheadofyou;otherwiseitmightleadtoanaccident.本题1分
A、overwork
B、overtake
C、overhear
D、oversee
D第20题Manypeople______itishealthytodrinkalotoffruitjuice,butactuallyitdamageshealth.本题1分
A、infer
B、assume
C、recognize
D、realize
问答题
第21题
英译汉:
Ifyouaresuccessful,youwon’thavetogoaskforaraiseoracceptwhatyou’regivenorworryaboutbeingturnedoutwhenayoungerversionofyourselfcomesalong.
本题3分
输入更多…
如果你是成功的,你就不用请求加薪,不必勉强接受所给予你的,无需担心年轻的你一路走来会达到什么成就
第22题
英译汉:
Whataboutdevelopmentaidtogivelocalpeopleeconomicalternativestocuttingforestsandplowingovertheland?
Thatkindoffundingisdifficulttocomeby.
本题3分
输入更多…
关于发展援助给当地居民经济替代切割森林和耕作土地怎么样?
这样的资金得来不易
第23题
英译汉:
Hecannotbereallyhappyifheiscompelledbysocietytodowhathedoesnotenjoydoing,orifwhatheenjoysdoingisignoredbysocietyasofnovalueorimportance.
本题3分
输入更多…
他是不可能真正快乐的,如果被社会强迫做自己不喜欢做的事情,又或者喜欢做的事情被社会所忽略、被认为是毫无价值、不重要的。
第24题
英译汉:
Perhapsevenmoredaunting,inthefaceofInternet-widevirusattacks,istherealizationthatwewilldependinlargerandlargermeasureonthenetwork’sfunctioningreliably.
本题3分
输入更多…
面对网络大范围内的病毒攻击,但是我们会越来越依赖于网络的功能,这使得我们更加沮丧
第25题
英译汉:
Chemicallyanypetroleumisanextremelycomplexmixtureofhydrocarbon(hydrogenandcarbon)compounds,withminoramountsofnitrogen,oxygen,andsulfurasimpurities.
本题3分
输入更多…
化工石油是一种极其复杂的化合物,还含有少量的氮气,氧气和硫磺等杂质
第26题
汉译英:
他虽然学识渊博,但对这种生物科技引起的情况他也不知道如何应付。
(forall)
本题3分
输入更多…
Forallheislearned,hehasnoideahowtodealwiththesituationcausedbythebiotechnology.
第27题
汉译英:
只要不断努力,你早晚都会学好俄语的。
(soonerorlater)
本题3分
输入更多…
Ifyoukeeptrying,youwilllearnRussiansoonerorlater.
第28题
汉译英:
那位新的候选人决定参加2012年美国总统大选时,竞争对手的竞选活动已全面展开。
(beinfullwing)
本题3分
输入更多…
Thenewcandidatedecidedtoparticipatein2012,whentheU.S.presidentialelectionrivalscampaignhasalreadystarted
第29题
汉译英:
这在很大程度上将取决于她对这一难题的反应。
(dependon)
本题3分
输入更多…
Itdependsalotonherreactiontotheproblem.
第30题
汉译英:
我反对该项计划,理由是花费太大。
(onthegroundsthat)
本题3分
输入更多…
Iamagainsttheplanonthegroundsthatthecostistoohigh.
阅读理解题
第31题
Geologyisanaturalscience.Withitmencandiscoverallkindsofusefulminerals.Geologystudiestheearth.Butofthethreespheres,theatmosphere,thehydrosphereandthelithosphere,itonlydirectlystudiesthelithosphere.Itstudiesthecompositionanddistributionofmaterialintheearth’scrust.Itstudiesalsotheformation,changesanddevelopmentofrocksandmineralsintheearth’scrust.
Geologyisaverycomplexscience.Therearemanybranchesingeology.Mineralogyisthescienceoftheminerals.Petrologyisthescienceoftherocks.Geomorphologydealswithoriginoflandscapesandchangesinthem.Historicalgeologytracestheevolutionanddevelopmentoftheearthandoftheanimalsandplantsonit.Stratigraphystudiesthesequenceoftherocksintheearth’scrust.Paleontologydealswiththeancientanimalsandplants.Thesearejustafewofthemostimportantbranchesofgeology.
Geologyisaveryimportantscience.Wedependupongeologyforthediscoveryofmineraldepositsneededbythevariousindustries.Alotofmineralsareusedasfuelandrawmaterials.Withoutthemindustrializationisimpossible.Mineralsarealsousedasfertilizersinagriculture.Chinaisveryrichinmineraldepositsofallkinds.Thestudyofgeologywillhelpustodiscoverthem.
Petroleumoccurswidelyintheearthasgas,liquid,semisolid,orsolid,orinmorethanoneofthesestatesatasingleplace.Chemicallyanypetroleumisanextremelycomplexmixtureofhydrocarbon(hydrogenandcarbon)compounds,withminoramountsofnitrogen,oxygen,andsulfurasimpurities.Liquidpetroleum,whichiscalledcrudeoiltodistinguishitfromrefinedoil,isthemostimportantcommercially.Itconsistschieflyoftheliquidhydrocarbons,withvaryingamountsofdissolvedgases,bitumens,andimpurities.
Petroleumgas,commonlycallednaturalgastodistinguishitfrommanufacturedgas,consistsofthelighterparaffinhydrocarbons,ofwhichthemostabundantismethanegas(CH4).Thesemisolidandsolidformsofpetroleumconsistoftheheavyhydrocarbonsandbitumens.
Geologyplaysanimportantroleinthesearchforoilandnaturalgas.Fourprerequisitesarenecessaryforoil(andgas)toaccumulateincommercialquantitiesinanarea:
(1)Theoiloriginatesinasourcebed,andamarineshale,onceablackmudrichinorganiccompounds,isthoughttobeacommonsourcerock.
(2)Theoilthenmigratestoapermeablereservoirrock,andtodothisitmaytravelforlongdistancesbothverticallyandhorizontally.Oilcannotmovethroughthetinyopeningsoftheshalesourcebedsrapidlyenoughtobeextractedprofitably.(3)Anonpermeablelayermustoccuraboveareservoirbed.Sinceoilislighterthanwater,ittendstomoveupwardthroughopeningsandcracksuntilitencountersimperviousbedsthatitcannotpenetrate.Theoilmaythenaccumulatebeneaththeimperviouslayers.Somegasoccursinsolutionwithintheoil,andifenoughispresentitseparatesouttooccupytheuppermostregionofsuchatrap.(4)Afavorablestructuremustexisttoconcentratetheoilandanticlines,saltplugs,andfaultsarecommonexamples.Afaultzonemayitselfbeimpervious,orfaultingmayhaveshiftedanimperviousbedsothatitnowblocksareservoirbed.Stratigraphictrapstendtobemoredifficulttolocateandmayformwheretiltedreservoirbedsareoverlainunconformablybyimperviouslayersorwherethereservoirbedsbecomethinnerup-dipandwedgeoutwithinenclosingimperviousbeds.Thusoilthatwasoncedistributedinsparseamountsthroughoutaverylargevolumeofrockmaynowberichlyconcentratedwithintheuppermostportionsoffavorablereservoirrocks.
Thetaskofthegeologististhelocationofpromisingstructuresinregionswhererocksarefavorablefortheoccurrenceoftheotherprerequisites.Drillingaholeisthentheonlyknownmethodofdeterminingwhetherornotoilispresentinthestructure.
本题15分
C1.1
Whatismainlydealtwithinthepassage?
A、Theformationofoil.
B、Theformationofrocks.
C、Thegeneralintroductionofgeology.
D、Therolesofgeologyinfindingoil.
D2.2
GeologyisanaturalscienceanditdoesNOTstudy______.
A、themineralsintheearth’scrust
B、therocksintheearth’scrust
C、theevolutionanddevelopmentoftheearth
D、theoriginoftheatmospheresurroundingtheearth
A3.3
Oneprerequisiteforoilto