职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案.docx

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职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案.docx

职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案

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第1部分:

词汇选项(第1-15题,每题1分,共15分)

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线,请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1、Shecameacrossthreechildrensleepingunderabridge.

ApassedbyBtookanoticeof

CwokeupDfoundbychance

答案:

D

职业培训教育网名师解析:

comeacross是固定搭配,意思是“偶遇,碰巧发现”,因此选择D选项。

passby“路过”,takeanoticeof“注意到”,wakeup“醒来”。

2、Itseemedincrediblethathehadbeenthereaweekalready.

ArightBobviousCunbelievableDunclear

答案:

C

职业培训教育网名师解析:

incredible意为“难以置信的”,与unbelievable同义。

obvious“明显的”,unclear“不明的”。

3、Hewastemptedbythehighsalaryofferedbythecompany.

AattractedBtaughtCkeptDchanged

答案:

A

职业培训教育网名师解析:

tempt“吸引,诱惑”,此处为被动态,句子意思为:

他被这家公司开出的高额薪水吸引了。

A选项符合句义。

4、Shegetsaggressivewhensheisdrunk.

AworriedBoffensiveCsleepyDanxious

答案:

B

职业培训教育网名师解析:

aggressive意为“好斗的,富于攻击性的”,与offensive相近,如:

Mentendtobemoreaggressivethanwomen.男性往往比女性更具有攻击性。

Knivesofanysortareclassedasoffensiveweapons.任何刀具都属于攻击性武器。

worried“拘心的”,sleepy“困倦的”,anxious“焦急的”。

5、Ihavelittleinformationasregardsherfitnessforthepost.

AatBwithCaboutDfrom

答案:

C

职业培训教育网名师解析:

asregards是固定搭配,意思是“关于”,如:

Thereisnoproblemasregardsthefinancialarrangements.资金筹备方面毫无问题。

6、Theseanimalsmigratesouthannuallyinsearchoffood.

AexploreBinhabitCpreferDtravel

答案:

D

职业培训教育网名师解析:

migrate的意思是“迁徙”,travel除了常见的“旅行”意思外,还有“行进”的意思,如:

Supersonicplanescantravelfasterthanthespeedofsound.超音速飞机的速度比音速快。

在这里可作同义替换。

explore“探索”,inhabit“柄息,居住”,prefer“更喜欢”。

7、Therewassomethingpeculiarinthewayhesmiles.

AdifferentBwrongCstrangeDfunny

答案:

C

10、Hepaused,waitingforhertodigesttheinformation.

AwithholdBexchangeCunderstandDcontact

答案:

C

职业培训教育网名师解析:

digest本义是“消化”,可转义为“理解(知识、信息)”,在句中可与understand互换。

withhold“保留,隐瞒”;exchange“交换”;contact“联系”。

11、Therulesaretoorigidtoallowforhumanerror.

AgeneralBinflexibleCcomplexDdirect

答案:

B

职业培训教育网名师解析:

rigid“僵硬的,固定的,顽间的”,与inflexible同义。

12、Rumorsbegantocirculateabouthisfinancialproblems.

AsendBhearCconfirmDspread

答案:

D

职业培训教育网名师解析:

circulate做不及物动同,意思是“传播,流通”,如:

Weshouldoftenopenthewin-dowstoallowtheairtocirculate.我们应当经常打开窗户以使空气流通。

句子的意思是:

关于他的财政问题的流言开始传开。

13、Comeout,orI'llbustthedoordown.

AbreakBshutCsetDbeat

答案:

A

职业培训教育网名师解析:

bust“使爆裂”,句子的意思是:

快点,不然我就破门而入了。

这里与break同义。

14、Thepolicewillneedtokeepawaryeyeonthisareaoftown.

AnakedBblindCcautiousDprivate

答案:

C

职业培训教育网名师解析:

wary“谨慎的,机警的”,与cautious同义。

naked“裸体的”,blind“盲的”,private“私人的”。

15、Thecontractbetweenthetwocompanieswillexpiresoon.

AshortenBstartCendDresume

答案:

C

职业培训教育网名师解析:

expire“期满,终止”。

resume是“重新开始”。

第2部分:

阅读判断(第16-22题,每题1分,共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C。

WideWorldofRobots

Engineerswhobuildandprogramrobotshavefascinatingjobs.Theseresearcherstinker(修补)withmachinesinthelabandwritecomputersoftwaretocontrolthesedevices.“They’rethebesttoysoutthere,”saysHowieChosetatCarnegieMellonUniversityinPittsburgh.Chosetisaroboticist,apersonwhodesigns,buildsorprogramsrobots.

WhenChosetwasakid,hewasinterestedinanythingthatmoved—cars,trains,animals.HeputmotorsonTinkertoycarstomakethemmove.Later,inhighschool,hebuiltmobilerobotssimilartosmallcars.

Hopingtocontinueworkingonrobots,hestudiedcomputerscienceincollege.ButwhenhegottograduateschoolattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyinPasadena,Choset’slabmateswereworkingonsomethingevencoolerthanremotelycontrolledcars:

roboticsnakes.Somerobotscanmoveonlyforward,backward,leftandright.Butsnakescantwist(扭曲)inmanydirectionsandtraveloveralotofdifferenttypesofterrain(地形).“Snakesarefarmoreinterestingthanthecars,”Chosetconcluded.

AfterhestartedworkingatCarnegieMellon,Chosetandhiscolleaguestherebegandevelopingtheirownsnakerobots.Choset’steamprogrammedrobotstoperformthesamemovementsasrealsnakes,suchasslidingandinchingforward.Therobotsaisomovedinwaysthatsnakesusuallydon't,suchasroiling.Choset’ssnakerobotscouldcrawl(爬行)throughthegrass,swiminapondandevenclimbaflagpole.

ButChosetwonderedifhissnakesmightbeusefulformedicineaswell.Forsomeheartsurgeries,thedoctorhastoopenapatient’schest,cuttingthroughthebreastbone.Recoveringfromthesesurgeriescanbeverypainful.Whatifthedoctorcouldperformtheoperationbyinsteadmakingasmallholeinthebodyandsendinginathinroboticsnake?

ChosetteamedupwithMarcoZenati,aheartsurgeonnowatHarvardMedicalSchool,toinvestigatetheidea.Zenatipracticedusingtherobotonaplasticmodelofthechestandthentestedtherobotinpigs.

AcompanycalledMedroboticsinBostonisnowadaptingthetechnologyforsurgeriesonpeople.

Evenafter15yearsofworkingwithhisteam'screations,“Istilldon'tgetboredofwatchingthemotionofmyrobots,"Chosetsays.

16Chosetbegantobuildrobotsinhighschool.

ARight BWrong CNotmentioned

17Snakerobotscouldmoveinonlyfourdirections.

ARight BWrong CNotmentioned

18Chosetdidn’tbegindevelopinghisownsnakerobotsuntilhestartedworkingatCarnegieMellon,

ARight BWrong CNotmentioned

19Choset’ssnakerobotscouldmakemoremovementsthantheonesothersdeveloped.

ARight BWrong CNotmentioned

20Theapplicationofathinroboticsnakemakesheartsurgeriesiesstime-consuming.

ARight BWrong CNotmentioned

21Zenatitestedtherobotonpeopleafterusingitinpigs.

ARight BWrong CNotmentioned

21、B第六段、第七段只提到Zcnati在塑料制的外胸模型上练习使用机器蛇,然后再将机器蛇用于猪身上进行测试,但并没有在这之后又用于人测试,而是一个位于波士顿名叫Medro-botics的公司把这项技术用于人的手术,所以题干中提到的Zenati把机器蛇用在人身上进行测试与文章本意不符。

答案为B.

22、C第七段只是提到Medrobotics公司目前把这项技术应用到人类手术中,但并没有提到因此给公司带来高额利润,所以题干中提到的信息在文中没有显示。

答案为C.

第3部分:

概括大意与完成句子(第23-30题,每题1分,共8分)

下面的短文后有2项测试任务:

(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1~4段每段选择1个最佳标题;

(2)第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

BlackHoles

1Blackholescanbebestdescribedasasortofvacuum,suckingupeverythinginspace.Scientistshavediscoveredthatblackholescomefromanexplosionofhugestars.Starsthatareneardeathcannolongerburnduetolossoffuel,andbecauseitstemperaturecannolongercontrolthegravitational(重力的)force,hydrogenendsupputtingpressureontothestar’ssurfaceuntilitsuddenlyexplodesthencollapses.

2Blackholescomefromstarsthataremadeofhydrogen,othergasesandafewmetals.Whentheseexplodeitcanturnintoastellar-mass(恒星质量)blackhole,whichcanonlyoccurifthestarislargeenough(shouldbebiggerthanthesun)fortheexplosiontobreakitintopieces,andthegravitystartstocompacteverypieceintothetiniestparticle.Trytoseeandcompare;ifastarthat’stentimesthesizeofthesunendsupbeingablackholethat’snolongerthan70kilometers,thentheEarthwouldbecomeablackholethat'sonlyafractionofaninch!

3Objectsthatgetsuckedinablackholewillalwaysremainthere,nevertobreakfree.Butrememberthatblackholescanonlygobbleup(吞噬)objectswithinaspecificdistancetoit.It’spossibleforalargestarnearthesuntobecomeablackhole,butthesunwillcontinuetostayinplace.Orbits(轨道)donotchangebecausethenewlyformedblackholecontainsexactlythesameamountofmassaswhenitwasastar,onlythistimeitsmassistotallycontractedthatitcanendupasnobiggerthanastate.

4Sofar,astronomershavefiguredoutthatblackholesexistbecauseofAlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativity.Intheend,throughnumerousstudies,theyhavediscoveredthatblackholestrulyexist.Sinceblackholestraplightanddonotgiveofflight,itisnearlyImpossibletodetectblackholesviaatelescope.Butastronomerscontinuetostudygalaxies(银河系),spaceandthesolarsystemtounderstandhowblackholesmightevolve.Itispossiblethatblackholescanexistformillionsofyears,andlatercontributetoabiggerprocessingalaxies,whichcaneventuallyleadtocreationofnewentities(实体).Scientistsalsocreditblackholesashelpfulinlearninghowgalaxiesbegantoform.

23、Paragraph1                           

24、Paragraph2                            

25、Paragraph3                            

26、Paragraph4                            

AHowareblackholesformed?

BWhatareblackholesmadeof?

CHowwereblackholesnamed?

DWhataredifferenttypesofblackholes?

EIsthereproofthatblackholesreallyexist?

FWhathappenstotheobjectsaroundablackhole?

27、Blackholesareformedafter                             .

28、Whenalargestarexplodes,thegravitycompactseverypieceinto                             .

29、Anewlyformedblackholeandthestaritcomesfromareof                             .

30、AlbertEinstein'stheoryofrelativityhelpstoprove                             .

Athetiniestparticle

Bafractionofaninch

Cthesameamountofmass

Danexplosionofhugestars

Ethecreationofnewentities

27、D第一段第二句话,"Scientistshavediscoveredthatblackholescomefromanexplosionofhugestars",意思是"科学家已经发现黑洞来自于巨大恒星的爆炸",所以答案是D,"巨大恒星的爆炸"。

28、A第二段第二句话,"Whentheseexplodeitcanturnintoastellar-mass(恒星质量)blackhole,whichcanonlyoccurifthestarislargeenough(shouldbebiggerthanthesun)fortheexplosiontobreakitintopieces,andthegravitystartstocompacteverypieceintothetiniestparticle",意思是"只有在星体足够大时,爆炸后才能变成恒星质量的黑洞,因为爆炸使它们变成片状,然后重力开始将每一片压成最薄的粒子"。

所以答案是A,"最薄的粒子"。

29、C第三段第四句,"Orbits(轨道)donotchangebecausethenewlyformedblackholecontainsexactlythesameamountofmassaswhenitwasastar",

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