新编英语语法教程第16讲.ppt

新编英语语法教程第16讲.ppt

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第16讲虚拟式o16.1be-型虚拟式obe型虚拟式是指动词永远使用原形,不管主语是什么,动词都为原形.o1）用于表示命令,决定,建议等词语之后的that分句中oA）表示命令决定建议的动词之后的从句,如动词:

decide,decree,odemandinsist,move,order,prefer,propose,recommend,request,suggest,vote等oHeorderedthatallthebooksbesentatonce.oWeproposethatsomebodyneutraltakethechair.oThedoctorinsistedthathenoteatmeat.oB）表示命令决定建议的名词之后的从句,如名词:

decision,decree,demand,instruction,order,requirement,resolution等oWewerefacedwiththedemandthatthistaxbeabolished.oYouradvicethatshewaittillnextweekisreasonable.oHisorderthatthetroopsnotbesentatoncewascarriedout.oC）用在一些形容词后的真实主语从句中.如形容词:

advisable,appropriate,desirable,essential,fitting,imperative,important,impossible,necessary,obligatory,proper等.oItisessentialthatallthefactsbeexaminedfirst.oItisnecessarythathecomebackwithoutdelay.oIthoughtitadvisablethatanarmedguardstandinreadiness.o2）用于由if,though等引导的分句中.o推测,让步,防备等含义.if,though,owhatever,lest,solongasoIftherumourbetrue,everythingispossible.oThougheveryonedesertyou,Iwillnot.oWhateverbehisdefense,wecannottoleratethisdisloyalty.o3）用于某些公式化语句中oLonglivethePeoplesRepublicofChina.oGodblessyou!

oSobeit.oSufficeittosaythatIknownothing.oFarbeitfrommetocallhimathief.oIwillstayherewithyouifneedbe.o16.2were-型虚拟式owere型虚拟式只有一种形式,即不管主语是什么,动词一律用过去式,be动词一律用were.o1）用于某些状语分句中.常用于if,ifonly,asif,asthough,though引导的非真实从句oIfIwereyou,Ishouldwaittillnextweek.oIfitweretorain,thegamewouldbeputoff.oHespoketomeasifIweredeaf.oHebehavesasthoughhewerebetterthanus.oIfonlyIwerenotsonervous.o2）用于wish,wouldrather,suppose,imagine引导的从句中,也表示非真实的臆想.oIwishitwerespringalltheyearround.oIdratherIwerenotatthesiteoftheaccident.oSupposetheearthwerefalt.oJustimagineeveryoneweretogiveupsmoking.o16.3假设意义表示法综述o1）表示假设意义的一些结构oA）ItstimethatoItstimewewenttobed.oYouvebeenworkinghard.Itstimeyoutookarest.oItshightimeweleftthisplace.oB）Iwouldrather/soonerthatoIwouldrathershegothomealittleearlier.oIdratherhetoldmethetruth.oIwouldratherhehadbeenpresent.oC）IfonlyoIfonlyIknewheraddress.oIfonlyIhadgonebytaxi.oD）behavesasif/asthoughoHebehavesasifheownedthisplace.oShewassittingquietlyinthegardenasif/asthoughnothinghadhappenedtoher.oE）IwishoIwishIdidnthavetogotoworktoday.oIwishIhadntsaidthat.o含蓄条件句oButforyourhelp,Icouldnthaveachievedanything.oIndifferentcircumstances,Imighthaveagreed.o用于其他语境oThatsheshouldforgetmesoquicklywasratherashock.oWhowouldhavethoughtthatthingsshouldcometosuchatragicend.oThedoorwaspushedopen;whoshouldcomeinbutthewomantheyweretalkingabout.oHesteppedintoacaveandwhatshouldheseebutatigresswithherbabytigers.o非真实条件句o所表假设是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的,句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气.o1）与现在事实相反的非真实条件句,条件从句的谓语o用动词的过去式,结果主句的谓语是should/would+动词原形oIfweleftnow,weshouldarriveingoodtime.oEvenifhehadthemoney,hewouldntbuyit.o2）与过去事实相反的非真实条件句,条件从句的谓语用过去完成,结果主句用should/would+现在完成oIfwehadhadtime,wewouldhavedroppedby.oIfIhadntsaidthat,themeetingwouldhavesucceeded.o3）与将来事实可能相反的非真实条件句,从句的谓语用过去式或wereto+动词原形,结果主句的谓语用should/would+动词原形oIfyoudroppedtheglass,itwouldbreak.oIfyoulivedthereforawhile,youwouldchangeyourmindaboutthat.oIfheweretovisitourdormitory,weshouldgetthenews.oIfitweretoraintomorrow,whatshouldwedo?

oExercise16Do1.如果有必要,我自然会带你去.oA:

o2.要是我来做这事,我要采用不同的方法.oA:

o3.总统命令所有武装部队立即动员起来.oA:

Iwouldcertainlytakeyouthereifneedbe.IfIweretodothis,Iwouldadoptadifferentmethod.Thepresidentorderedthatallthearmedforcesbemobilizedatonce.o4.董事会决定任命约翰逊为总经理.oA:

o5.如果我是你,我会勇敢地正视这一问题.oA:

o6.假如我身体好一些,我早就离开这里了.oA:

TheboarddecidedthatJohnsonbeappointedgeneralmanager.IfIwereyou,Iwouldfaceuptotheproblem.IfIwereinbetterhealth,Iwouldhavelongleftthisplace.o7.我非常不愿意眼看他犯错误.oA:

o8.我多么希望我们厂装备得好一些.oA:

o9.要不是我们明天有测验,我今晚就去看电影了.oA:

Ifwewerenttohaveourtesttomorrow,Iwouldgoandseeafilmthisevening.HowIwishourfactorywerebetterequipped.Farbeitfrommetoseehimmakeamistake.o10.对所有申请者必须逐一面试.oA:

o11.有人建议另外开一次会来讨论通货膨胀的问题.oA:

o12.我一定要她在上海再多待一两天.oA:

Itisessentialthatalltheapplicantsbeinterviewedonebyone.Itwassuggestedthatanothersessionbeheldtodiscusstheproblemofinflation.IinsistedthatshestayinShanghaiforanotherdayortwo.o13.钢铁工人要求提高工资百分之十.oA:

o14.我赞成他们提出的关于延期讨论的动议.oA:

o15.我宁愿我的秘书陪我去北京.oA:

IpreferthatmysecretaryaccompanymetoBeijing.Isecondtheirmotionthatthediscussionbeputoff.Thesteelworkersdemandedthattheirwagesbeincreasedby10percent.o16.已经决定让出更多的时间用于泛读.oA:

o17.没有民族独立哪来民主自由,说这一句就够了.oA:

o18.如果你不听我的忠告,那就算了.oA:

Sufficeittosaythatwithoutnationalindependencethereisnodemocracyorfreedom.Ifyoudonotlistentomyadvice,sobeit.Ithasbeendecidedthatmoretimebeallotedforextensivereading.o19.我们一致建议指定