圣经与西方文化.ppt

圣经与西方文化.ppt

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BasicFactsabouttheBibleAverybriefintroductionvTrueorFalse?

vAmongallthereligions,Christianity（基督教）hasthelargestnumberofadherents.（）vChristianityandCatholicism（天主教）aredifferentreligiousgroups.（）vTheBibleisonlyonebook.（）vTheBibleconsistsoftwoparts,thatis,OldTestamentandNewTestament.（）vBoththetwopartsareconsideredholytobothChristiansandJews.（）vProtestants（新教徒）andRomanCatholics（天主教徒）usethesameversionoftheOldTestament.（）vBesidesstories,theBiblealsoincludesmanyotherformsofliterature.（）MajorReligionsoftheWorldRankedbyNumberofAdherents（figuresshownareapproximateestimates）1.Christianity基督教2.1billion2.Islam伊斯兰教1.5billion3.Non-religious无宗教者1.1billion4.Hinduism印度教900million5.Chinesetraditionalreligion中国传统宗教394million6.Buddhism佛教376million7.primal-indigenous土著信仰300million8.Sikhism锡克教23million9.Judaism犹太教14millionBranchesofChristianityvChristianity:

thereligionofallChristians.vTherearethreemajorbranchesofChristianity:

theRomanCatholicChurch（天主教）,theEasternOrthodoxChurches（东正教）andProtestantChurches（新教）.vOrthodoxadj（espreligion尤用於宗教）followingtheolder,moretraditional,practicesstrictly正统的;传统的;循规蹈矩的:

orthodoxJews正统的犹太教徒.vCatholicadj1.includingmanyormostthings;general;universal包罗万象的;广泛的;普遍的:

havecatholictastes,interests,views,etc广泛的爱好兴趣意见等.v2.（technical）connectedwithallChristiansorthewholeChristianChurchvProtestantn,adj（member）ofanyoftheChristianbodiesthatseparatedfromtheChurchofRomeinthe16thcentury,oroftheirbranchesformedlater新教徒（指16世纪脱离罗马天主教之基督教团体或後来由其形成的教派成员）;新教（徒）的BasicFactsabouttheBiblevTheBible:

sacred,holywritingsoftheChristianreligionvabookthatcanbefoundalmostanywhereontheearth.vtranslatedintomorethan2000differentlanguagesanddialects.vtheworldsmostpopularbook.vEveryyearmorecopiesoftheBiblearesoldthananyotherpublication.thenumberofsalesisincreasing.BasicFactsabouttheBiblevTillDecember31,2008,theBiblehasbeentranslatedinto2479languages.vIn2008,28,448,325copiesoftheBibleweresold.WhereistheBibleAvailable?

vPapercopy:

inchurchesvElectronicform:

ontheInternetvManydifferentEnglishtranslationsvKJV:

KingJamesVersion（AuthorizedVersion）詹姆斯王本圣经，英文钦定译本vSimple,beautiful,dignifiedandpowerfullanguage,praisedas“thenoblestmonumentofEnglishprose”英语散文的纪念碑vEarlyModernEnglish,早期現代英文differentgrammarandwords,difficulttounderstandOriginoftheWord“Bible”vBible:

Language:

OldFrench;Origin:

MedievalLatinbiblia,fromGreek,pluralofbiblionbookvTherefore“bible”meansacollectionofbooks.v图书馆bibliotheque,bibliothekvBibliography书目WhenwastheBiblewritten?

vTheBible:

oneoftheworldsoldestbooks.vTheoldestbookwaswrittenabout1500B.C.orearlier.ThelastwaswrittenaboutA.D.100.vTheBiblewaswrittenoveraperiodofatleast1500years.vBC=beforeChristusedafteradatetoshowthatitwasbeforethebirthofChrist公元前vAD=AnnoDomini（intheyearofourLord.）usedtoshowthatadateisaparticularnumberofyearsafterthebirthofChrist公元.年vC.E.AmECommonErausedafteradatetoshowitwasafterthebirthofChrist=ADvB.C.E.AmEbeforecommonerausedafteradatetoshowthatitisbeforethebirthofChristvSoundlessreligious,criticizedCristoRedentororChristtheRedeemer.RiodeJaneiro,BrazilAuthorsoftheBiblevClearly,theBiblewasnotwrittenbyoneperson.Why?

vItwaswrittenoveraperiodofabout1600years.vItisestimatedtherewereaboutfortyauthorsfromdifferentwalksoflife.vShepherdsvKingsvFishermenvPeasantsvDoctorsvTax-collectorsvTheycamefromAsia,EuropeandAfrica.vDirectlyorindirectlytheauthorsassertthatwhattheywerewritingreallycamefromGod.ComponentsoftheBiblevTheBibleiscomprisedof66bookswithtwomajordivisions:

theOldTestament（39books）andtheNewTestament（27books）.TheOldTestamentvWellbeforethetimeofChristtheJewshadalreadyfinishedassemblingthedivinelyinspiredwritingsoftheHebrews.Itisacollectionof39books.vTheOldTestament:

alsocalledtheJewishBibleorHebrewBible.ItispartoftheBiblethatisholytotheJewishreligion.vMostofitwasoriginallywritteninHebrew,thelanguageoftheancientJewishpeople.TheOldTestament39booksvAllwrittenbeforeJesuscame.v1400-400B.C.v“Testament”means“covenantoragreement”vTheOldCovenantisanagreementthatGodmadewiththenationofIsraelvTheOldTestamentwaswritteninHebrewthelanguageofIsraelModernMapofSameAreaTheNewTestamentvFollowingChristslifeonearth,additionalsacredbookswerewritten.vSomeofthesebooksrecordhistoricaleventspertainingtoChristandHisearlyfollowers.vOthersareletterswrittentoexplainChriststeachingortoencouragethefollowersofChristtopracticethemoralprinciplesHetaught.vThereare27booksinthislatercollection.vTogethertheyformtheNewTestament.vTheNewTestamentisholyonlytoChristians.TheOldTestament39booksvAllwritten400yearsbeforeJesusbirthv1400-400B.C.v“Testament”means“covenantoragreement”vTheOldCovenantisanagreementthatGodmadewiththenationofISRAELvTheOldTestamentwaswritteninHebrewthelanguageofIsraelvAllwrittenAFTERhisdeathv48-65A.D.vTheNewCovenantisanagreementthatGodhasmadeforALLNATIONSvTheNewTestamentwaswritteninGreekTheNewTestament27booksCompositionoftheOldTestament（LiteraryStylesfoundintheOldTestament）TheOldTestamenthasfourmajordivisions:

（1）theLaw-5books;

（2）History-12books;（3）Poetry-5books;and,（4）Prophecy-17books.Torahnoun（usuallytheTorah）（inJudaism）thelawofGodasg