圣经与西方文化.ppt

1、BasicFactsabouttheBibleAverybriefintroductionvTrueorFalse?vAmongallthereligions,Christianity(基督教)hasthelargestnumberofadherents.()vChristianityandCatholicism(天主教)aredifferentreligiousgroups.()vTheBibleisonlyonebook.()vTheBibleconsistsoftwoparts,thatis,OldTestamentandNewTestament.()vBoththetwopartsar

2、econsideredholytobothChristiansandJews.()vProtestants(新教徒)andRomanCatholics(天主教徒)usethesameversionoftheOldTestament.()vBesidesstories,theBiblealsoincludesmanyotherformsofliterature.()MajorReligionsoftheWorldRankedbyNumberofAdherents(figuresshownareapproximateestimates)1.Christianity基督教2.1billion2.Is

3、lam伊斯兰教1.5billion3.Non-religious无宗教者1.1billion4.Hinduism印度教900million5.Chinesetraditionalreligion中国传统宗教394million6.Buddhism佛教376million7.primal-indigenous土著信仰300million8.Sikhism锡克教23million9.Judaism犹太教14millionBranchesofChristianityvChristianity:thereligionofallChristians.vTherearethreemajorbranches

4、ofChristianity:theRomanCatholicChurch(天主教),theEasternOrthodoxChurches(东正教)andProtestantChurches（新教）.vOrthodoxadj(esp religion 尤用於宗教)followingtheolder,moretraditional,practicesstrictly正统的;传统的;循规蹈矩的:orthodox Jews正统的犹太教徒.vCatholicadj 1.includingmanyormostthings;general;universal包罗万象的;广泛的;普遍的:have catho

5、lic tastes,interests,views,etc广泛的爱好兴趣意见等.v2.(technical)connectedwithallChristiansorthewholeChristianChurchvProtestantn,adj(member)ofanyoftheChristianbodiesthatseparatedfromtheChurchofRomeinthe16thcentury,oroftheirbranchesformedlater新教徒（指16世纪脱离罗马天主教之基督教团体或後来由其形成的教派成员）;新教（徒）的BasicFactsabouttheBiblevTh

6、eBible:sacred,holywritingsoftheChristianreligionvabookthatcanbefoundalmostanywhereontheearth.vtranslatedintomorethan2000differentlanguagesanddialects.vtheworldsmostpopularbook.vEveryyearmorecopiesoftheBiblearesoldthananyotherpublication.thenumberofsalesisincreasing.BasicFactsabouttheBiblevTillDecemb

7、er31,2008,theBiblehasbeentranslatedinto2479languages.vIn2008,28,448,325copiesoftheBibleweresold.WhereistheBibleAvailable?vPapercopy:inchurchesvElectronicform:ontheInternetvManydifferentEnglishtranslationsvKJV:KingJamesVersion（AuthorizedVersion）詹姆斯王本圣经，英文钦定译本vSimple,beautiful,dignifiedandpowerfullang

8、uage,praisedas“thenoblestmonumentofEnglishprose”英语散文的纪念碑vEarlyModernEnglish,早期現代英文differentgrammarandwords,difficulttounderstandOriginoftheWord“Bible”vBible:Language:OldFrench;Origin:Medieval Latinbiblia,fromGreek,pluralofbiblionbookvTherefore“bible”meansacollectionofbooks.v图书馆bibliotheque,bibliothe

9、kvBibliography书目WhenwastheBiblewritten?vTheBible:oneoftheworldsoldestbooks.vTheoldestbookwaswrittenabout1500B.C.orearlier.ThelastwaswrittenaboutA.D.100.vTheBiblewaswrittenoveraperiodofatleast1500years.vBC=beforeChristusedafteradatetoshowthatitwasbeforethebirthofChrist公元前vAD=AnnoDomini(intheyearofour

10、Lord.)usedtoshowthatadateisaparticularnumberofyearsafterthebirthofChrist公元.年vC.E.AmECommonErausedafteradatetoshowitwasafterthebirthofChrist=ADvB.C.E.AmEbeforecommonerausedafteradatetoshowthatitisbeforethebirthofChristvSoundlessreligious,criticizedCristoRedentororChristtheRedeemer.RiodeJaneiro,Brazil

11、AuthorsoftheBiblevClearly,theBiblewasnotwrittenbyoneperson.Why?vItwaswrittenoveraperiodofabout1600years.vItisestimatedtherewereaboutfortyauthorsfromdifferentwalksoflife.vShepherdsvKingsvFishermenvPeasantsvDoctorsvTax-collectorsvTheycamefromAsia,EuropeandAfrica.vDirectlyorindirectlytheauthorsassertth

12、atwhattheywerewritingreallycamefromGod.ComponentsoftheBiblevTheBibleiscomprisedof66bookswithtwomajordivisions:theOldTestament(39books)andtheNewTestament(27books).TheOldTestamentvWellbeforethetimeofChristtheJewshadalreadyfinishedassemblingthedivinelyinspiredwritingsoftheHebrews.Itisacollectionof39boo

13、ks.vTheOldTestament:alsocalledtheJewishBibleorHebrewBible.ItispartoftheBiblethatisholytotheJewishreligion.vMostofitwasoriginallywritteninHebrew,thelanguageoftheancientJewishpeople.TheOldTestament39booksvAllwrittenbeforeJesuscame.v1400-400B.C.v“Testament”means“covenantoragreement”vTheOldCovenantisana

14、greementthatGodmadewiththenationofIsraelvTheOldTestamentwaswritteninHebrewthelanguageofIsraelModern Map of Same AreaTheNewTestamentvFollowingChristslifeonearth,additionalsacredbookswerewritten.vSomeofthesebooksrecordhistoricaleventspertainingtoChristandHisearlyfollowers.vOthersareletterswrittentoexp

15、lainChriststeachingortoencouragethefollowersofChristtopracticethemoralprinciplesHetaught.vThereare27booksinthislatercollection.vTogethertheyformtheNew Testament.vTheNewTestamentisholyonlytoChristians.TheOldTestament39booksvAllwritten400yearsbeforeJesusbirthv1400-400B.C.v“Testament”means“covenantorag

16、reement”vTheOldCovenantisanagreementthatGodmadewiththenationofISRAELvTheOldTestamentwaswritteninHebrewthelanguageofIsraelvAllwrittenAFTERhisdeathv48-65A.D.vTheNewCovenantisanagreementthatGodhasmadeforALLNATIONSvTheNewTestamentwaswritteninGreekThe New Testament 27 booksCompositionoftheOldTestament(LiteraryStylesfoundintheOldTestament)TheOldTestamenthasfourmajordivisions:(1)theLaw-5books;(2)History-12books;(3)Poetry-5books;and,(4)Prophecy-17books.Torahnoun(usuallytheTorah)(inJudaism)thelawofGodasg