托福听力技巧分析.ppt
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托福听力托福听力围绕:
围绕:
新托福考试听力部分介绍新托福考试听力部分介绍新托福考试题型新托福考试题型问题及建议问题及建议新托福考试听力部分介绍新托福考试听力部分介绍考试考试形式形式预读题目预读题目笔记笔记题型题型PBT旧托福旧托福PaperYesNomultiplechoiceIBT新托福新托福InternetNoYes新题型:
新题型:
多选题,多选题,重听题,重听题,表格配对表格配对题题题量,时间题量,时间文章类型文章类型题量题量题目数题目数时间时间Conversation25/conversation2-3min/conversationLecture46/lectureanswering:
20min30seconds/question)Total634(17/section)60评分标准评分标准1.当问题的分值是当问题的分值是1分时,所有的项目都要回答正确,这一题才算是拿到了全分时,所有的项目都要回答正确,这一题才算是拿到了全部分值。
部分值。
2.当问题的分值是当问题的分值是2分时,比如,四选三的题目,必须全部答对才能得到所有分时,比如,四选三的题目,必须全部答对才能得到所有分值;选对分值;选对2个,可得到个,可得到1个分值。
个分值。
3.新托福听力以单选题为主,多选题和表格题为辅。
新托福听力以单选题为主,多选题和表格题为辅。
CONVERSATION文章思路文章思路框架框架raisetheproblem-analyzetheproblem-solvetheproblemLECTURE文章思路文章思路框架框架beginning-wayofteaching(content)-endingTPO1-19听力分类听力分类Conversation场景分类论文论文/研究项目场景研究项目场景TPO2C1,TPO4C2,TPO5C2,TPO6C2,TPO9C1,TPO12C1TPO13C1,TPO17C1图书馆图书馆/书店场景书店场景TPO1C1,TPO4C1,TPO7C2,TPO9C2,TPO14C1,专业讨论专业讨论/课程内容讨论场景课程内容讨论场景TPO1C2,TPO8C2,TPO10C1,TPO15C2,课外课外/校内活动场景校内活动场景TPO3C2,TPO6C1,TPO11C2,TPO15C1,报到报到/注册场景注册场景TPO3C1,TPO5C1,TPO8C1,TPO18C1选课选课/换课场景换课场景TPO2C2,TPO11C1,TPO14C2,TPO16C2抱怨抱怨/反馈场景反馈场景TPO12C2,TPO16C1,TPO19C2,实验室场景实验室场景TPO13C2Lecture具体分类具体分类新托福考试题型新托福考试题型GISTQUESTION主旨目的题(主旨目的题(100%)payattentiontothefirstsentence!
(name)什么是主旨目的题?
(what?
)requiresthelistenertounderstandcriticalvocabularyphrasesorfactsfromseveralpointsinatextandtointerprettoidentifythekeypointsofthetext.Questionsthattestunderstandingthegistmayrequireyoutogeneralizeorsynthesizeinformationinwhatyouhear.提问方式:
提问方式:
Whatarethestudentsmainlydiscussing?
Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?
Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?
Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?
Whatisthemainpurposeofthelecture?
Whatistheprofessormainlydiscussing?
Whatproblemdoesthemanhave?
Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?
Whatisthemaintopicofthelecture?
Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?
WhataspectofXdoestheprofessormainlydiscuss?
Whydoesthestudentvisittheprofessor?
Whydoesthestudentvisittheregistrarsoffice?
Whydidtheprofessorasktoseethestudent?
WhydoestheprofessorexplainX?
文章的主旨:
文章的主旨:
Payattentiontothenameofthiscourse.Thelisteningpassagewillbeginlikethis:
“Listentopartofalectureinanastronomyclass”.Listentopartofalectureina_class.
(1)直接展开(直接展开(payattentiontothesentencesatthebeginning)todaywearegoingtobetalkingaboutIdliketobeginmylecturebyintroducingletsfocusonletsnowtakealookat
(2)问答式展开:
问答式展开:
howarecompaniestypicallystructured?
Doyourememberwhattheyare?
Howcanyouunderstandit?
Whydoeshumanbeingconsideritimportant?
Or:
全文关键词总结全文关键词总结干扰选项特征干扰选项特征:
Toogeneral:
anideathatisbeyondthefocusoftheconversationorlecturetoospecific:
asupportingdetailinsteadofamainideainaccurate:
nottrue,oronlypartiallytrue,accordingtothespeakersirrelevant:
aboutsomethingthatthespeakersdontmentionTPO15Lecture1psychologyLecture1(第一句)Fordecades,psychologistshavebeenlookingatourabilitytoperformtaskswhileotherthingsaregoingon,howweareabletokeepfrombeingdistractedandwhattheconditionsforgoodconcentrationare.心理学家一直在观察我们在进行一项活动同时旁边还有其他事情在进行的能力,我们怎样保持不被干扰,以及怎样的条件下可以集中注意。
教授通过开门见山的方法,告诉我们lecture的主要内容是关于集中注意的能力的研究集中注意的能力的研究。
(接着)Aslongagoas1982,researcherscameupwithsomethingcalledtheCFQ-theCognitiveFailuresQuestionnaire.这里讲了研究者想出的一种叫做CFQ的研究方法。
由此得出,答案是D,大脑怎样处理干扰的研究。
TPO15Lecture1psychology6.Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?
A.Methodspeopleusedtoeliminatedistractions.(irrelevant)B.Theareaofthebrainresponsibleforblockingdistractions(toospecific)C.Theusefulnessofquestionnairesinassessingdistractibility.(irrelevant)D.Researchabouthowthebraindealswithdistractions.(research-CFQ)TPO19conversation2对话主要讲述了关于对话主要讲述了关于cafeteria在一些在一些食物问题食物问题,比如用油过多,有机食物上的相关,比如用油过多,有机食物上的相关意见意见全文关键词总结全文关键词总结:
mealplan,food,cafeteria18.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?
Changesthatwillbemadeinfoodchoicesofferedtostudents(toospecific)Food-safetyproceduresfollowedbythecafeteriastaff(irrelevant)IssuesrelatedtothecafeteriasfoodpolicyCommoncomplaintsaboutthefoodservedinthecafeteria(irrelevant)DETAILQUESTION细节题细节题什么是细节题?
(what?
)requirethelistenertounderstandandrememberexplicitdetailsorfactsthatareimportantasanexplanationoranexampleofthemainidea.Thesedetailsaretypicallyrelated,directlyorindirectly,tothegistofthetext,byprovidingelaboration,examplesorothersupport.(detail,support,example)TIPS:
Noinferenceisneeded.提问方式:
提问方式:
Whatproblemdoesthemanhave?
Accordingtotheconversation,whataretwowaysinwhichbacteriacellsgetresistancegenes?
WhydoestheprofessortalkaboutPlatosdescriptionofsociety?
Accordingtotheprofessor,whatisonewaythatXcanaffectY?
Accordingtotheprofessor,whatisthemainproblemwiththeXtheory?
WhatisX?
WhatresultedfromtheinventionofX?
举例example举例的举例的具体内容具体内容、例子的、例子的作用作用关注举例的关注举例的上下文上下文,说话的人为什么要举这个,说话的人为什么要举这个例子,要证明什么,表明什么观点、态度,还例子,要证明什么,表明什么观点、态度,还有例子本身说了那些内容。
有例子本身说了那些内容。
听标志举例的关键词,比如听标志举例的关键词,比如:
Forexample、like、forinstance、inthiscase、inanothercase、takethecaseof、onthisoccasion听定义听定义:
(专有名词:
(专有名词+definit