国外社会心理学3课件9.ppt

国外社会心理学3课件9.ppt

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MarkusModeloftheSelfSelf-Schema-Whatisit?

Markus（1977）-Study1MenotmeratingsMenotmelatenciesBehavioralEvidencePredictingLikelihoodofbehaviorStudy2-falsefeedbackstudySelf-Schemasandprocessinginformationaboutothers-Markus,Smith,andMoreland（1985）Me/NotMeRatingsMeLatenciesNotMeLatenciesBehavioralEvidencePredictingtheLikelihoodofBehaviorMarkusModel（cont.）TheWorkingSelf-Concept-Markus&Kunda（1986）PossibleSelves-buildingblocksforself-schemasHowyouHopetobeExpecttobeFeartobeImportanceofBalanceStudyofJuvenileDelinquentsCultureandtheorganizationoftheselfTheWorkingSelf-ConceptinAction-Markus&KundaUniquenessWordsTheWorkingSelf-ConceptinAction-Markus&KundaSimilarityWordsSelf-EsteemSelf-Esteemandself-claritySelf-Esteemandself-servingstrategiesSelf-esteemandself-attributes（Dodgson&Wood,1998）Self-esteemandsocialcomparisons-Wood,Giordano-Beech,Taylor,Michela,&Gaus（1994）Self-esteemandviewsofrelationshippartners-MurrayandHolmesresearchDodgson&Wood（1998）Woodetal.,（1994）ExplanationofEsteemDifferencesinSelf-ServingTendenciesSelf-VerificationTheory-Wetrytomaintainourviewsofourselveseveniftheyarenegative-Swann,LaRonde,&Hixon（1994）Maybemoretrueforlong-termreactionsthanshort-termaffectivereactions,Swann,Griffin,Predmore,&Gaines（1987）Self-Enhancement-Lowself-esteempeopledontenhancebecausetheyaretryingtoprotecttheirfragilesenseofself-esteemSteele,Josephs,&SpencerSwann,LaRonde,&Hixon（1994）Steele,Josephs,&SpencerSelf-ImageMaintenanceModelsSelf-EvaluationMaintenanceClosenessandself-relevanceTesser&Smith（1980）-Doyouhelpyourfriendorastranger?

Self-AffirmationMaintainanoverallsenseofglobalself-integrityTesser&Cornell（1991）TerrorManagementPeopleexaggeratetheirfeelingsaboutthemselvesasabufferagainsttheirfearofdeathMortalitysalienceandderogationofothersTesser&Smith（1980）Tesser&Cornell（1991）AModeloftheSelf-SystemSpecificAttributesinclude:

beliefs,values,attachments,relationships,attitudes,socialcomparisons,andabilities.Peoplewillrestoretheirself-integritythroughwhatevermeansisstrongestandmostsalient.GlobalSelf-Integrity+-+-TheSelfandOthersinEvaluationUsingtheselftojudgeothersDunningandCohen（1992）-HowotherpeoplearedoingdependsonhowIamdoing.DunningandHayes（1996）-Evaluatingothersactivatesself-attributesUsingotherstoevaluatetheselfSocialComparisontheoryLockwood&Kunda（1997）-Howgoodofanaccountingstudentareyou?

Dunning&Hayes（1996）Lockwood&Kunda（1997）