国外社会心理学3课件9.ppt

1、Markus Model of the SelfSelf-Schema-What is it?Markus(1977)-Study 1Me not me ratingsMe not me latenciesBehavioral EvidencePredicting Likelihood of behaviorStudy 2-false feedback studySelf-Schemas and processing information about others-Markus,Smith,and Moreland(1985)Me/Not Me RatingsMe LatenciesNot

2、Me LatenciesBehavioral EvidencePredicting the Likelihood of BehaviorMarkus Model(cont.)The Working Self-Concept-Markus&Kunda(1986)Possible Selves-building blocks for self-schemasHow you Hope to beExpect to beFear to beImportance of BalanceStudy of Juvenile DelinquentsCulture and the organization of

3、the selfThe Working Self-Concept in Action-Markus&Kunda Uniqueness WordsThe Working Self-Concept in Action-Markus&Kunda Similarity WordsSelf-EsteemSelf-Esteem and self-claritySelf-Esteem and self-serving strategiesSelf-esteem and self-attributes(Dodgson&Wood,1998)Self-esteem and social comparisons-W

4、ood,Giordano-Beech,Taylor,Michela,&Gaus(1994)Self-esteem and views of relationship partners-Murray and Holmes researchDodgson&Wood(1998)Wood et al.,(1994)Explanation of Esteem Differences in Self-Serving TendenciesSelf-Verification Theory-We try to maintain our views of ourselves even if they are ne

5、gative-Swann,La Ronde,&Hixon(1994)May be more true for long-term reactions than short-term affective reactions,Swann,Griffin,Predmore,&Gaines(1987)Self-Enhancement-Low self-esteem people dont enhance because they are trying to protect their fragile sense of self-esteemSteele,Josephs,&SpencerSwann,La

6、 Ronde,&Hixon(1994)Steele,Josephs,&SpencerSelf-Image Maintenance ModelsSelf-Evaluation MaintenanceCloseness and self-relevanceTesser&Smith(1980)-Do you help your friend or a stranger?Self-Affirmation Maintain an overall sense of global self-integrityTesser&Cornell(1991)Terror ManagementPeople exagge

7、rate their feelings about themselves as a buffer against their fear of death Mortality salience and derogation of othersTesser&Smith(1980)Tesser&Cornell(1991)A Model of the Self-SystemSpecific Attributes include:beliefs,values,attachments,relationships,attitudes,social comparisons,and abilities.Peop

8、le will restore their self-integrity through whatever means is strongestand most salient.Global Self-Integrity+-+-The Self and Others in EvaluationUsing the self to judge othersDunning and Cohen(1992)-How other people are doing depends on how I am doing.Dunning and Hayes(1996)-Evaluating others activates self-attributesUsing others to evaluate the selfSocial Comparison theoryLockwood&Kunda(1997)-How good of an accounting student are you?Dunning&Hayes(1996)Lockwood&Kunda(1997)