英语高一英语阅读理解人物故事试题类型及其解题技巧及解析.docx

英语高一英语阅读理解人物故事试题类型及其解题技巧及解析.docx

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英语高一英语阅读理解人物故事试题类型及其解题技巧及解析

（英语）高一英语阅读理解（人物故事）试题类型及其解题技巧及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类

1．阅读理解

   Inthenineteenthcentury,oneofAmerica'sgreatestwriters,WaltWhitman,helpedpeoplelearntovaluepoetry.Whitmancreatedanewkindofpoetry.

   WaltWhitmanwasbornineighteennineteeninNewYorkCity.Duringhislonglife,hewatchedAmericagrowfromayoungnationtothestrongestindustrialpowerintheworld.Asayoungman,Whitmanworkedasaschoolteacher,aprinterandanewspaperreporter.Hewasthirty-sixyearsoldwhenhepublishedhisfirstbookofpoetryineighteenfifty-five.HecalleditLeavesofGrass.Ithadonlytwelvepoems.Thepoemsarewritteninfreeverse.Thelinesdonotfollowanysetform.Somelinesareshort.Somearelong.Thewordsattheendofeachlinedonothaveasimilarsound.Theydonotrhyme.

   OneofAmerica'sgreatestthinkersandwritersimmediatelyrecognizedtheimportanceofLeavesofGrass.RalphWaldoEmersonpraisedWhitman'swork.Butmostotherpoetsandwriterssaidnothingandevendenouncedit.MostreadersalsorejectedWhitman'spoems.Thenewformofhispoetrysurprisedmanypeople.EvenhisownbrothertoldWhitmanthatheshouldstopwritingpoetry.ButWhitmanhadmanythingstosay.Andhecontinuedtosaythem.ReadersbegantounderstandthatAmericahadagreatnewpoeticvoice.

   WaltWhitman'spoemspraisetheUnitedStatesanditsdemocracy.ThepoetexpressedhisloveforAmericaanditspeopleinmanyways.ExpertstodaypraiseLeavesofGrassasamajorliterarywork.Ineighteenseventy-three,WaltWhitmansufferedastroke.HespentthelastyearsofhislifeinCamden,NewJersey.Whitmanwaspoorandweakduringthelastyearsofhislife.Hediedineighteenninety-two.SomecriticssayWaltWhitmanwasaspokesmanfordemocracy.Otherssayhewasnotaspokesmanforanything.Instead,theysimplycallhimagreatpoet.

（1）WhatcanweknowaboutWhitman?

A. Hispoemshavethesamerhyme.

B. HeisthefirstgreatpoetintheUSA

C. Hehelpedpeopletocreatenewpoems.

D. Hispoemsshowhisloveforhiscountry.

（2）WhywasLeavesofGrassrefusedatfirst?

A. Thepoemsarequiteshort.

B. Theformofpoetryisspecial.

C. Whitmanwasn'tfamousthen.

D. Thereareonly12poemsinit.

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"denounced"inParagraph3mostprobablymean?

A. Accused.                      

B. Downloaded.                      

C. Published.                      

D. Translated.

（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A. WaltWhitman—aGreatSoldier

B. WaltWhitman—anUnfortunatePoet

C. WaltWhitmanandLeavesofGrass

D. TheFirstandGreatestPoetinAmerica

【答案】

（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物介绍，介绍了美国著名的诗人 WaltWhitman以及他的代表作《草叶集》。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“WaltWhitman'spoemspraisetheUnitedStatesanditsdemocracy.ThepoetexpressedhisloveforAmericaanditspeopleinmanyways.” WaltWhitman的诗赞美美国及其民主。

这位诗人以多种方式表达了他对美国及其人民的热爱。

可知选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Thenewformofhispoetrysurprisedmanypeople. ”他的新诗形式使许多人感到惊讶，故选B。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“Butmostotherpoetsandwriterssaidnothingandevendenouncedit. ”可知，人们不接受WaltWhitman的诗集，可推知denounced可能是“指责，批评”之意，选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，本文讲述了美国著名作家WaltWhitman以及他的代表作《草叶集》，并围绕《草叶集》的开始不被接受到最后的大受欢迎展开，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Ibelieveinthepowerofsciencefiction,notjustforitscapacitytotransformdreamsintoreality,butalsoforitspowertobondtogetherthosewhoshareacommonvisionofthefuture.Forme,that'strueformyrelationshipwithmydad.Somefathersandsonsbondoversports,fishingorhunting,butmydadandIbondoverStarTrek.WetriedatriptoDisneyWorld,butoneofmyearliestmemorieswasn'tMickey,butaKlingonbattlecruiser（巡洋）onthescreen.

   Overtheyears,nearlyeverysettingandsituationhasbecomefarawayformydadandme.Whenit'swarmatnight,we'renotdrivingalongsomedarkstreetsinIndiana,butgoingataslowspeedwithstarsdimlyshining.Bothofusarethinkingofthem,withoutneedingtosayaword.Allthesevisionsofotheruniverseshavetogethercreatedaprivateuniverseformydadandme.

   GeneRodenberry,creatorofStarTrek,oncesaid,"Sciencefictionisawayofthinking,awayoflogicthatbypasses（绕过）alotofnonsense.Itallowspeopletolookdirectlyatimportantsubjects."Alifetimeofsciencefictionhasinfluencedmorethanjustmyrelationshipwithmydad,buthasalsohelpedmeshapemyownhopesforthefuture.I'mnowasciencewriter.

   Yes,sciencefictionhasmademeintoa"nerd"（书呆子）,anditalsohasbeenasourceofjoyformyfamily,makingmeanoptimistwhileenablingmetothinkcriticallyaboutthedangeroftechnology.Thankthoseauthorswhohavesharedtheirvisions;theworldandmyfamilyarebetterforit.Thankmydad,whoisboththebeststorytellerandthebestmanIhaveeverknownbecausehehelpedmerealizethetruthofTennyson'swords,"SinceIdippedintothefuture,Isawthevisionoftheworld,andallthewondersthatwouldbe."

（1）Whatisthespecialbondbetweentheauthorandhisfather?

A. Theirsimilardreams.                                        

B. Theirloveforeachother.

C. Theircommoninterest.                                    D. Theirpassionforscience.

（2）Whatdoestheauthormainlyshowinparagraph2?

A. Hisdeepimpressiononhisdad.                     

B. Hisfeelingofstayingwithhisdad.

C. Hisearliestmemoryofhisdad.                       D. Hisgoodrelationshipwithhisdad.

（3）Howdoessciencefictionhelptheauthoratpresent?

A. Itleadshimtopursueadesirablecareer.

B. Itbringshimthecouragetolivebetter.

C. Ithelpshimsolvethedangeroftechnology.

D. Itmakeshimbecomeasourceofhisfamily'sjoy.

（4）Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A. TheWondersofScience                                  

B. ThePowerofScienceFiction

C. TheVersionsofScienceFiction                       

D. TheTimetogetherwithMyFather

【答案】

（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者和父亲都热爱科幻小说，它不仅帮助作者与父亲建立了深厚的感情，而且帮助作者实现了梦想。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“ butmydadandIbondoverStarTrek.WetriedatriptoDisneyWorld,butoneofmyearliestmemorieswasn'tMickey,butaKlingonbattlecruiser（巡洋）onthescreen. ”可知，作者与父亲都喜欢看科幻小说，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

第二段举例说明尽管时过境迁，但作者与父亲的关系依旧非常好，故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“ Alifetimeofsciencefictionhasinfluencedmorethanjustmyrelationshipwithmydad,buthasalsohelpedmeshapemyownhopesforthefuture.I'mnowasciencewriter.”可知科幻小说促使作者追求自己想要的职业，并帮助他成为一名科学作家，故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。

第一段中的“Ibelieveinthepowerofsciencefiction,notjustforitscapacitytotransformdreamsintoreality,butalsoforitspowertobondtogetherthosewhoshareacommonvisionofthefuture.”点名了主题，说明了 科幻小说的力量，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   WilburandOrvilleWrightwerethetwoyoungestsonsofBishopMiltonWright,WilburwasbornonafarmnearMillvilleandOrvillewasborninAugustinthehousethefamilywouldcometooccupyformorethan40yearsinDayton.

   OrvillewoulddiscoverinlateryearsthatheandWilbur'sfirstinterestsinflightbeganwhentheywerechildren,withpoweredrubber-band-helicoptertoysthattheirfatherwouldbringhomeforthemfromtripsaroundthecountry.OrvilleandWilburwouldbuildduplicates（复制品）ofthesetoysandbouncethemofftheceiling.Theywerejustcrazyaboutthesethingsforthereasonsthattheydidnotyetunderstand.

   Bothboyslovedtosolveproblemsthatseemeddifficulttoothers.Themoredifficulttheproblemwas,themoretheysawitasachallenge.ExploringtheunknownwassuchajoyforthenthatOrvilleoncesaid,"IcanrememberwhenWilburandIcouldhardlywaitforthemorningtocometogetatsomethingthatinterestedus.That'shappiness."

   Puttingtheirgifttowork,theboysenteredtheprintingbusinesssoonafterhighschool.Orvilledesignedandthenbuiltaprintingpress（印刷机）forthisenterprise.Atfirst,theydidcontractprintingforotherpeople,andsoononeoftheircustomersduringtheearly1890swasFatherMilton'schurch.Theyalsotriedthenewspaperbusiness,andalthoughtheirtwonewspapers,theWestSideNewsandTheEveningItemwereconsideredtobeofhighquality,Daytonalreadyhaddailynewspapers,sotheWrightssoonreturnedtocontractprinting.

   Branchingoutintootherareas,theyalsoopenedabicyclebusiness.Bicyclingwasthefastestgrowingsportinthecountryatthattime,andtheirrepairshopsoonledthemintobuildingbicyclesoftheirowndesign,oftenwithtoolsoftheirownconstruction,suchasthelathe（车床）drivenbyaone-cylindergasolineenginebuiltbyOrville.Thebicycleshopwouldprovidethelivelihood（生计）thatwouldallowthemtocarryouttheirexperimentsonairplanes.

（1）WhatmayinspireWilburandOrvilleWrighttobekeenonflightinchildhood？

A. Theirexperiencesoftakingaflight.

B. Theirwishestotravelbyplane.

C. Thetoystheirfatherbroughtforthem.

D. Theirinterestinduplicatingtoys.

（2）WhatkindofchildrenweretheWrightbrothers？

A. Enthusiasticandcurious.

B. Quietandmodes.

C. Naughtybutclever.

D. Stubbornbutcareful

（3）WhatbusinessdidWilburandOrvilleentershortlyafterhighschool？

A. Thetoybusiness.

B. Theprintingbusiness.

C. Thelathebusiness.

D. Thebicyclebusiness.

（4）Whatwillpossiblybediscussedfollowingthistext？

A. Whoguidedthemalotontheirwaytosuccess.

B. Whattroubletheywouldmeetintheirbusiness.

C. Whytheyclosedtheirbicycleshopsuddenly.

D. Howthetwobrothersbegantoinventplanes.

【答案】

（1）