单元达标测评.docx

单元达标测评.docx

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单元达标测评

单元达标测评

（满分:

120分;时间:

100分钟）

第一部分　阅读（共两节,满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A

ElephantConservation

Country:

Thailand

Thisisaworkingvacationatawildlifecentre.Anyonecanbecomeavolunteerifhe/sheagreestohelptheelephantkeeperswithtasks.

Dailytasks

Collecttheelephantsat6:

30a.m.Takethemtolookforfoodintheforest.Cleantheenclosure.Swimwiththeelephantsinthelakeintheafternoon.Ifvolunteerswanttorelaxafterwork,theycanwatchsatellitetelevision.

Howthisvacationhelps

Iftheseelephantshadn'tbeenrescued,theywouldstillbelivingonthestreetsofBangkok.Aruralenvironmentismuchbetterforthemthananurbanenvironmentwherethereislotsofpollution.

GorillaSafari

Countries:

Kenya,Rwanda,Uganda

Departures:

Aug.—Dec.,2—3departurespermonth

Extras:

gorillapermit￡220

Ifyou'relucky,you'llseelions,elephantsandrhinosonsafari.Thehighlightofthetripistheopportunitytoseegorillasinthemountainforests.However,youmustbeingoodhealth—ifagorillacaughtacold,itwouldbeextremelyharmfultoitswholefamily.

Howthisvacationhelps

Thereareonlyabout600mountaingorillasleftintheworldashumanactivityhasreducedtheareawheretheycanlive.Whenyoubuyapermit,thiswillpayfortheprotectionofthenationalpark.

PolarBearWatching

Country:

Canada

Departures:

sixtytripsbetweenOct.1—Nov.19

EveryOctoberandNovember,groupsofpolarbearsgatherinHudsonBay.Astheyarenormallylonelycreatures,thisisunusual.Thebearswaitfortheoceantofreezesotheycanhuntseals,sothisistheperfectopportunitytoseethem.

Howthisvacationhelps

IftheArcticicecapmeltsduetoglobalwarming,polarbearswillbeindanger.WegiveashareofourprofitstothePolarBearsAliveCharity.

Yourcomment

Theseawesomebearsgetalltheliquidtheyneedfromtheirfood.

1.Whatwillanelephantvolunteerdo?

A.Takefoodforelephantsat6:

30a.m.

B.Sweepthehousesofelephants.

C.Washelephantsinthelakeintheafternoon.

D.Watchsatellitetelevisiononelephants.

2.WhatdoweknowaboutGorillaSafari?

A.YoucanfindgorillasinKenyaandCanada.

B.Youmightgetacoldinthemountainforests.

C.Visitorsneedtopay$220tosee600gorillas.

D.Thereareabout10tripstovisitgorillas.

3.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?

A.Bearsdon'tneedtodrinkwater.

B.Bearsstoretheirliquidintheirfood.

C.Bearsdrinkallkindsofliquid.

D.Bearseatmainlyliquidfood.

4.Theaimoftheseactivitiesistohelp　　　. 

A.solvetheproblemofglobalwarming

B.protectwildanimals

C.dealwiththepollutionincities

D.buildmorenationalparks

B

Onthedaywhenthetornadohit,therewasnoindicationthatsevereweatherwasonitsway—theskywasblueandthesunhadbeenout.Thefirstwarningmyhusband,JimmyandIgotcamearound9pm,fromsomescrollingtextontheTVJimmywaswatching.

Nosoonerhadwefoundcoverageofthetornadothanitwasontopofus.Ididn'tknowhoworifwewouldwalkdownthesteps.Itfeltasiftherewerenofloorunderneathmeasthewindliftedmeoffmyfeet.Igrippedthebanister（楼梯扶手）andtriedtomoveforward,butthisintensepressureheldmeinplace.Inthosesecondsofpracticalstillness,Icouldheareverythingaroundmerattling.

Wegotclosetothestairlandingonlytoheartheloudrippingsoundofourgaragedoorcomingoff.

BythetimeIreachedthecloset,thetornadohadbeenoverusforaboutaminute.Jimmypushedmedowntotheclosetfloor,buthecouldn'tgethimselfinsidebecauseofthewind.IheldJimmy'sarmtightlyasthetornadosuckedthedooropen—weneverdidgetitfullyshut—andtriedtobringJimmyin.Mykneesandheadwerefullofglass,butatthatmoment,Ifeltnopain.IfIhadletgo,Jimmywouldhaveflownrightoutthebackofthehouseandintothebay.

“Holdon!

Holdon!

”heyelled.Buttherewasnothinginthisclosettoholdonto.Allofasudden,Jimmyliftedoffhisfeetlikepeopleintornadoesdointhemovies.Ithoughthewasgone.Andtheneverythingstopped.Helandedonhisfeet.Inthosefirstquietmoments,Icouldn'tbelieveitwasover.Jimmysaidhe'dgooutsidetocheck.“No,”Isaid.“Don'tleaveme.Don'tleaveme.”

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“coverage”inParagraph2mean?

A.Damage.B.Report.

C.Arrival.D.Delay.

6.Inthelasttwoparagraphs,whydidtheauthorfeelnopain?

A.Becauseshewastooeagertohelpherhusbandtofeelit.

B.Becauseshewasfrozeninamazement.

C.Becauseshewasheldentirelybythepowerofthetornado.

D.Becauseshewasfrightenedofthedamagecausedbythedisaster.

7.Whichwordscanbeusedtodescribethefeelingoftheauthorduringthedisaster?

A.Scared,surprisedbutcalm.

B.Surprised,terrifiedbutdetermined.

C.Astonished,confusedandmoved.

D.Amazed,determinedandgrateful.

C

ScientistsinvestigatedwhytheEbolavirusissodeadlywhenitspreadsfromanimalstohumansandthenbyhuman-to-humancontact.TheresearchteamlookedattheZaireEbolavirusinananimalsystemtounderstandhowitgainedstrength.ThisvirusisresponsibleforthecurrentoutbreakinWestAfrica.Theyfoundthatinitially（最初）theanimalsystemswerenotaffectedbythevirus,butsucceedingtransmission（传播）intootheranimalscausedthevirusto“hotup”andbecomemoresevere.

Theteamanalyzedthevirusesatdifferentstagesandwereabletoidentifyseveralchangesinitsgeneticmaterialthatwereassociatedwithincreaseddisease.

ProfessorJulianHiscox,wholedthestudyfromLiverpoolUniversity'sInstituteofInfectionandGlobalHealth,explained,“TheworktellsusthattheevolutionarygoaloftheEbolavirusistobecomemorefatal.”

“Wewereabletoshowthroughgeneticanalysiswhichpartsofthevirusareinvolvedinthisprocess.Theinformationwehavegatheredwillallowustomonitorsuchchangesinanoutbreakaswellasdevelopfuturetreatmentstrategies.”

ProfessorRogerHewson,leadingthestudyfromPublicHealthEngland,PortonDown,said,“TheEbolavirusissuchadestructiveinfectiontothepeopleaffectedbythediseaseandtheeconomyofWestAfrica.”

“OurunderstandingoftheEbolavirusbiologyiswaybehindthatofothervirusesandourcooperationshowshowwecangetourspecialists'skillstogethertoclosethisknowledgegap.”

ProfessorMilesCarroll,aco-authorofthework,said,“ThisstudyhasallowedtheteamtobeattheforefrontofdevelopingmethodologiestoanalyzepatientsamplesrecentlytakenbytheEuropeanMobileLaboratoryfromWestAfricatounderstanddiseaseevolutionduringthecurrentoutbreak.”

8.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytellus?

A.HowseveretheEbolavirusis.

B.HowtheEbolavirusspreads.

C.HowtheEbolavirusgraduallybecomesdeadly.

D.WhatcontributionsscientistshavemadeontheEbolavirus.

9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsismentionedinthepassage?

A.Inthefirststage,thevirushurtsitsvictimsmuch.

B.Asthevirusspreads,it'llchangeandbecomemoreandmoredeadly.

C.TheresearchontheEbolavirusismoreadvancedthanthatonotherviruses.

D.ThescientistshaveanegativeattitudetotheresearchontheEbolavirus.

10.Theunderlinedword“fatal”hastheclosestmeaningto　　　. 

A.optimisticB.deadly

C.commonD.fantastic

11.Wherecanweprobablyreadthispassage?

A.Inasciencereport.B.Inastorybook.

C.Inanadvertisement.D.Inatextbook.

D

TheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculturehasaprogramcalledWildlifeServices.Itsjobistohelpprotectagriculturalandotherresources.Oftenthatmeanshelpingfarmersdealwithunwelcomevisitors.Thisorganizationhasexpertsfromdifferentfieldsandithassetupthousandsofinquirycentersalloverthecountrywherefarmerscanexplaintheirdifficultiesandgetpracticalhelp.

OneexamplefromWildlifeServicesofitsworkinvolvedafarmerinWashingtonStateinthePacificNorthwest.Severalyearsago,thousandsofCanadageeselandedonhisfields.Thegeesebegantoeathiscarrotcrop.Biologistsfromtheprogramsuggestedthatthefarmerusenoise-makingdevicesandothermeasurestoscarethelargebirdsaway.Theseeffortssucceeded,whichmadethefarmerquitehappy.WildlifeServicesalsohasalivestockprotectionprogram.Theprogramjustofferssuggestionstokeepthoseunwelcomevisitorsawayinsteadofkillingthem.TheWildlifeServicesprogramispartoftheAnimalandPlantHealthInspectionService,orAPHIS.APHISofferssomesuggestionsforwaystokeeppredatorsaway.Forexample,trytokeepfoodandwatersafefromwildlife.Fencesmayhelpkeepoutwolves,especiallyifthefencesareatleasttwometershigh.

Expertssuggestprovidingsecureshelterforchickens,sheepandotheranimalsthatcouldbeattacked.Theyalsosuggestusinglightsaboveplaceswheretheseanimalsarekept.Andtheyadvisepeoplewhoseewolvestochasethemawaybyshouting,makingloudnoisesorthrowingrocks.Andtoprotectlivestock,considerusingguardanimalssuchasdogsanddonkeys,whichareveryeffective.

Forhomegardeners,atwo-meterfencemighthelpkeepoutdeer.Tokeepoutrabbits,awirefencehastobeonlyaboutahalf-meterhigh.Itshouldextendfifteencentimetersundergroundtokeeprabbitsfromdiggingunderit.Ifsnakesareaproblem,removedeadtreesandcuthighgrasstodestroytheirhidingplaces.Duetoitseffectivework,eversinceWildlifeServiceswasstarted,ithasbeenwellreceivedbyfarmersallovertheStatesandneighboringcountriessuchasCanadaandMexico.

12.WhatdoesWildlifeServicesintendtohelpfarmershandle?

A.Animalsthatattackfarmers.

B.Peoplewhopollutethefarmland.

C.Peoplewhodon'tcareaboutwil