西方文化导论Unit7.ppt

西方文化导论Unit7.ppt

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U7_mainGetStartedTextStudySupplementaryResourcesTextStudy_II_2.4TextStudyInterpretationofCulturalTermsInterpretationofCulturalTermsImmanuelKant康康德德（17241804）:

An18th-centuryGermanphilosopher.HeisregardedasoneofthemostinfluentialthinkersofmodernEuropeandofthelateEnlightenment.TheEnlightenmentfirststartedin.Inthe17thcentury,Francebecamemorepowerfulineconomicandmilitaryachievementsduetothemeasuresandreformstakenby.Incentury,FrancelostitsinitialdominationattheseatoEngland.TheEnlightenmentwasinfluencedbyBritishanddisseminationof.WiththeworseningsituationofFrancein18thcentury,moreandmorepeople,ledbynewlyemergingstronglydemandedforpoliticalreforms.TextStudy_I_3.1TextStudyComprehensionExercisesFillintheblanks.

（1）

（2）（3）（4）（5）ComprehensionExercisesFrance_LouisXIV_18th_empiricism_scientificknowledge_Bourgeoisie_,TextStudy_II_3.1TextStudyComprehensionExercisesTrueorfalsequestions.ComprehensionExercises

（1）Lockerejectstheideaofinnateknowledgeandarguesfortheacquisitionofknowledgefromthesenses.

（2）ThelateRenaissancefocusedonthemetaphysicalandrationalistphilosophy,whiletheEnlightenmentwasbasedonepistemologyandempiricism.（3）Lockerejectedthedivisionoflegislativepowerandadministrativepower.（4）Berkeleywasthefatherofaphilosophicalschoolcalledphenomenalism.（5）HumesempiricistphilosophygreatlyinfluencedImmanuelKantscriticalphilosophy.T_T_T_F_T_TextStudy_III_3.1ComprehensionExercisesTextStudyComprehensionExercises

（1）Whichofthefollowingphilosophersfirstputforwardtheidea

（2）ofthedivisionofpower?

A.DavidHume.B.B.JohnLocke.C.C.GeorgeBerkeley.D.D.Voltaire.Multiplechoice.TextStudy_III_3.2ComprehensionExerciseTextStudyComprehensionExercises

（2）TheFrenchDeclarationofHumanRightsandtheAmericanDeclarationofIndependenceowedmuchoftheirsourcesandinspirationto_SpiritofLaws（1748）.A.MontesquieusB.VoltairesC.RousseausD.DiderotsMultiplechoice.TextStudy_III_3.3ComprehensionExerciseTextStudyComprehensionExercises（3）Montesquieustheoryofthedivisionofpowerdividesthepoliticalauthorityinto_.A.legislative,administrativeandjudicialpowersB.B.legislative,executiveandjudicialpowersC.C.legislative,executiveandelectoralpowersD.D.legislative,executiveandlawenforcementpowersMultiplechoice.TextStudy_III_3.4ComprehensionExerciseTextStudyComprehensionExercises（4）Rousseauisfamousforhisideaof_.A.thedivinerightofthekingB.B.thesocialcontractC.C.thedivinerightofthehumanbeingsD.D.empiricismMultiplechoice.TextStudy_III_3.5ComprehensionExerciseTextStudyComprehensionExercises（5）TheEnlightenmentisnotopposedto_.A.superstitionB.feudalismC.rationalismD.absolutismMultiplechoice.TextStudy_IV_3.1ComprehensionExercisesTextStudyComprehensionExercisesMatchthefollowingEnglishwriterswiththeirworks.

（1）HenryFielding

（2）JonathanSwift（3）DanielDefoe（4）JohnBunyan（5）JohnMiltona.ParadiseLostb.RobinsonCrusoec.GulliversTravelsd.PilgrimsProgresse.TomJonesTextStudy_V_3.1ComprehensionExercisesTextStudyComprehensionExercisesTrueorfalsequestions.

（1）TheEnlightenmentischaracterizedbyreason,whichisacriticaltoolallowingmantogetridofprejudiceandchangetheworld,dominatingnaturethroughscience.

（2）TheEnlightenmentovercametheprejudiceagainstfemale,andregardedbothgendersasequalinthesociety.（3）Themajoragentsofchangeinthearts,governmentsandeconomywereenlightenedkingsandpriests.（4）TheEnlightenmentlaidanideologicalfoundationforthebreakoutoftheFrenchRevolution.（5）TheEnlightenmentunveiledtheinaugurationofthemoderneraandlaidasolidfoundationforthelaterprocessoftheWesternmodernization.T_F_T_F_T_