英美文学与翻译真题回忆版.docx

英美文学与翻译真题回忆版.docx

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英美文学与翻译真题回忆版

827英美文学与翻译2011年真题回忆版

Partoneliterature

第一题：

someonesaythat“agoodliteraryworkisacombinationofpleasureanddisquietness”whatdoyouthinkofit?

Selectaworkandpointoutwhereucanfindpleasureanddisquietness.

第二题：

someonesaythat“agoodliteraryworkisaquestionminusanswer”,whatdoyouthinkofit?

Selectaworkorplayandpointouthowthewriterposethequestionandwhatextentheanswersthequestion.

第三题：

thisisashortpassagetakenfromtheprefaceofthe《leavesofgrass》fromWaltWhitman

TheAmericansofallnationsatanytimeupontheearthhaveprobablythefullestpoeticalnature.TheUnitedStatesthemselvesareessentiallythegreatestpoem.Inthehistoryoftheearthhithertothelargestandmoststirringappeartameandorderlytotheiramplerlargenessandstir.Hereatlastissomethinginthedoingsofmanthatcorrespondswiththebroadcastdoingsofthedayandnight.Hereisnotmerelyanationbutateemingnationofnations.Hereisactionuntiedfromstringsnecessarilyblindtoparticularsanddetailsmagnificentlymovinginvastmasses.Hereisthehospitalitywhichforeverindicatesheroes....Herearetheroughsandbeardsandspaceandruggednessandnonchalancethatthesoulloves.Heretheperformancedisdainingthetrivialunapproachedinthetremendousaudacityofitscrowdsandgroupingsandthepushofitsperspectivespreadswithcramplessandflowingbreadthandshowersitsprolificandsplendidextravagance.Oneseesitmustindeedowntherichesofthesummerandwinter,andneedneverbebankruptwhilecorngrowsfromthegroundortheorchardsdropapplesorthebayscontainfishormenbegetchildrenuponwomen.

Otherstatesindicatethemselvesintheirdeputies....butthegeniusoftheUnitedStatesisnotbestormostinitsexecutivesorlegislatures,norinitsambassadorsorauthorsorcollegesorchurchesorparlors,noreveninitsnewspapersorinventors...butalwaysmostinthecommonpeople.Theirmannersspeechdressfriendships–thefreshnessandcandoroftheirphysiognomy–thepicturesqueloosenessoftheircarriage...theirdeathlessattachmenttofreedom–theiraversiontoanythingindecorousorsoftormean–thepracticalacknowledgmentofthecitizensofonestatebythecitizensofallotherstates–thefiercenessoftheirrousedresentment–theircuriosityandwelcomeofnovelty–theirself-esteemandwonderfulsympathy–theirsusceptibilitytoaslight–theairtheyhaveofpersonswhoneverknewhowitfelttostandinthepresenceofsuperiors–thefluencyoftheirspeech–theirdelightinmusic,thesuresymptomofmanlytendernessandnativeeleganceofsoul...theirgoodtemperandopenhandedness–theterriblesignificanceoftheirelections–thePresident'stakingoffhishattothemnottheytohim–thesetooareunrhymedpoetry.Itawaitsthegiganticandgeneroustreatmentworthyofit.

Question1:

what’syourunderstandingofWhitman’sviewofpoet?

Question2:

writeacommentofthispassage.

第四题：

thisis“averyshortstory”writtenbyHemingway.thenwriteacommentofthispassage

Parttwo:

translation

汉译英：

旧王府艺术研究院的变迁

英译汉：

idleness+三个短句翻译

4.2.1真题解析及技巧指导

Partoneliterature

注意答题书写步骤：

第一题：

1.ItakeMarkTwain’sTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnasanexampletoexplaintheidea.

2.pleasure体现在远离“文明”的，自然的，单纯的河上生活；disquietness体现在河岸上现实的阴暗面即血腥杀戮等

3.总结。

第二题：

1.IselectShakespeare’sHamlet.

2.是生还是死的问题的讨论得出结论后，我们的思考过程中剩下的。

3.总结。

第三题：

（1）注意解读题目：

yourunderstandingofWhitman’sviewofpoet，第一层是Whitman关于是诗人的观点；第二层是谈谈你的理解,二者缺一不可。

（2）写关于选段的评论，即先总结文章作者的观点，而后加以评书。

相关知识链接：

WaltWhitman

1.Whitman'slife:

WhitmanisagiantofAmericanletters.HisLeavesofGrasshasalwaysbeenconsideredamonumentalworkwhichcommandsgreatattentionbecauseofitsuniquelypoeticembodimentofAmericandemocraticideals.

Heisthepoetofthecommonpeopleandtheprophetandsingerofdemocracy.

DuringtheyearsinNewYorkCity,Whitmanbegantoshowhisdemocraticpartisanship.AndthisideasgoverningWhit’spoetry-writinggraduallytookplace

2.Whitman'sdemocraticideals:

Whitman’sdemocraticideasgovernhispoetry-writing.Inhisfamouspoetry,openness,freedom,andaboveall,individualism（thebeliefthattherightsandfreedomofindividualpeoplearemostimportant）areallthatconcernedhim.

Whitmanbringsthehard-workingfarmersandlaborersintoAmericanliterature,attacktheslaverysystemandracialdiscrimination.Inthisbookhealsoextolsnature,democracy,laborandcreation,andsingsofman’sdignityandequality,andofthebrightestfutureofmankind

Whitmanbelievedthatpoetrycouldplayavitalpartintheprocessofcreatinganewnation.ItcouldenableAmericanstocelebratetheirreleasefromtheOldWorldandthecolonialrule.Anditcouldalsohelpthemunderstandtheirnewstatusandtodefinethemselvesinthenewworldofpossibilities.

3.ThethemesinWhitman'spoetry:

Hispoetryisfilledwithoptimisticexpectationandenthusiasmaboutnewthingsandnewepoch,sotheabundanceofthemesinhispoetryvoicesfreshness.

①Heshowsconcernforthewholehard-workingpeopleandtheburgeoninglifeofcities.ToWhitman,thefastgrowthofindustryandwealthincitiesindicatedalivelyfutureofthenation,despitethecrowded,noisy,andsqualidconditionsandtheslacknessinmorality.

②Headvocatestherealizationoftheindividualvalue.MostofthepoemsinLeavesofGrasssingofthe“en-masse”andtheselfaswell.

③Pursuitofloveandhappinessisapprovedofrepeatedlyandaffectionatelyinhislines.Sexual1ove,arathertabootopicofthetime,isdisplayedcandidlyassomethingadorable.Theindividualpersonandhisdesiresmustberespected.

④SomeofWhitman'spoemsarepoliticallycommitted.BeforeandduringtheCivilWar,Whitmanexpressedmuchmourningforthesufferingsoftheyounglivesinthebattlefieldandshowedadeterminationtocarryonthefightingdauntlesslyuntilthefinalvictory

4.LeavesofGrass:

①Thetitle:

ItissignificantthatWhitmanentitledhisbookLeavesofGrass.Hesaidthatwherethereisearth,wherethereiswater,thereisgrass.Grass,themostcommonthingwiththegreatestvitality,isanimageofthepoethimself,asymbolofthethenrisingAmericannationandanembodimentofhisidealsaboutdemocracyandfreedom.

②Theme:

Inthisgiantwork,openness,freedom,andaboveall,individualism（thebeliefthattherightsandfreedomofindividualpeoplearemostimportant）areallthatconcernedhim.

Whitmanbringsthehard-workingfarmersandlaborersintoAmericanliterature,attacktheslaverysystemandracialdiscrimination.Inthisbookhealsoextolsnature,democracy,laborandcreation,andsingsofman'sdignityandequality,andofthebrightest　future　ofmankind.MostofthepoemsinLeavesofGrasssingofthe"en-masse"andtheselfaswell

③Essentialpurpose

Hisaimwasnothinglessthantoexpresssomenewpoeticalfeelingsandtoinitiateapoetictraditioninwhichdifferenceshouldberecognized.

Thegenuineparticipationofapoetinacommonculturaleffortwas,accordingtoWhitman,tobehaveasasupremeindividualist;however,thepoet'sessentialpurposewastoidentifyhisegowiththeworld,andmorespecificallywiththedemocratic"en-masse"ofAmerica,whichisestablishedintheopeninglinesof"SongofMyself".

5.Whitman'spoeticstyleandlanguage:

①Poeticstyle:

Todramatizethenatureofthesenewpoeticalfeelings,Whitmanemployedbrand-newmeansinhispoetry,whichwouldfirstbediscernedinhisstyleandlanguage.

（1）Whitman’spoeticstyleismarked,firstofall,bytheuseofthepoetic“I.”Whitmanbecomesallthosepeopleinhispoemsandyetstillremains“WaltWhitman”,henceadiscoveryoftheselfintheotherwithsuchanidentification.Insuchamanner,Whitmaninviteshisreaderstoparticipateintheprocessofsympatheticidentification.

（2）Whitmanisalsoradicallyinnovativeintermsoftheformofhispoetry.Headopted“freeverse”　　

（3）Whitmanisconversationalandcasual,inthefluid,expansive,andunstructuredstyleoftalking.However,thereisastrongsenseofthepoemsbeingrhythmical.ThereadercanfeeltherhythmofWhitman‘sthoughtandcadencesofhisfeeling.Parallelismandphoneticrecurrenceatthebeginningofthelinesalsocontributetothemusicalityofhispoems.

②Whitman'slanguage:

（1）Mostofthepictureshepaintedwithwordsarehonest,undistortedimagesofdifferentaspectsofAmericaoftheday.Theparticularityabouttheseimagesisthattheyareunconventionalinthewaytheybreakdownthesocialdivisionbasedonreligion,gender,class,andrace.Oneofthemostoften-usedmethodsinWhitman'spoemsistomakecolorsandimagesfleetpastthemind'seyeofthereader.

（2）AnothercharacteristicinWhitman'slanguageishisstrongtendencytouseoralEnglish.

（3）Whitman'svocabularyisamazing.Hewouldusepowerful,colorful,aswellasrarely-usedwords,wordsofforeignoriginandsometimesevenwrongwords.

第四题：

就选段写评论，先总结选段大意；然后表述自己考前准备的作家的写作风格、特色；最后，评论选段中作家的观点，一定要有自己的观点，但不可偏激，要客观。

相关知识链接：

ErnestHemingway

1.Hislifeandwriting:

Hemingwaywasamythinhisowntimeandhislifewascolorful.HewasborninOakPark,Illinois.Hemingwaylovedsportsandoftenwenthuntingandfishingwithhisfather,whichprovidedhimwithwritingmaterials.Afterhighschool,heworkedasareporter.DuringWorldWarIheservedasanhonorablejuniorofficerintheAmericanRedCrossAmbulanceCorpsandin1918wasseverelywoundedinbothlegs.Afterthewar,hewenttoParisasaforeignreporter.InfluencedandguidedbySherwoodAnderson,StephenCraneandGertrudeSteinhebecameawriterandbegantoa