GRE练习试题NO23 1.docx

GRE练习试题NO23 1.docx

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GRE练习试题NO231

1The----successofanygovernmentdependsonitsabilityto----bothforeignanddomestic

policies.

Apolitical..implement

Bmilitary..distribute

Csocial..complete

Dessential..violate

Ediplomatic..subsidize

2AlthoughMs.Brownfoundsomeofherdutiestobe----,hersupervisionoffortyworkers

wasaconsiderableresponsibility.

Aambiguous

Bprovisional

Cmenial

Dunique

Emediocre

3Sincetheprocessofatherosclerosiscannotbe-----inhumans,thebesttreatmentknownatthis

timeis----ofthedisease.

Areversed..prevention

Bdiscovered..remission

Cdefined..explanation

Dalleviated..detection

Eprecipitated..containment

4Postmodernarchitectureisnotconcernedwiththeeasygoalofreturningtothepastbutwith

themore----anddifficultaimof----historicalformsintoanewandcomplexwhole.

Aimportant..changing

Bsubtle..integrating

Cintellectual..updating

Drewarding..dramatizing

Eornamental..compressing

5Inpollendating,geologichappeningsaredatedintermsofeachother,andonecangetjustso

farbymatching----sequences;butinradiocarbondatingthescaleoftimeismeasuredin----termsofcenturiesoryears.

Arandom..selective

Birrelevant..usable

Cvague..relative

Dindependent..absolute

Eimaginary..calculable

6Manywelfarereformerswouldsubstituteasingle,federallyfinancedincomesupport

systemfortheexisting----ofoverlappingprograms.

Apaucity

Bcore

Cfunctionalism

Dparticipation

Ewelter

7Becausethereportcontainedmuchmoreinformationthanthereviewersneededtosee,

theauthorwasaskedtosubmita----instead.

Acompendium

Bsoliloquy

Ctreatise

Dprerequisite

Ecritique

8GLUE:

SEAL:

:

Aletter:

write

Bwater:

dry

Cboat:

row

Dmanure:

fertilize

Ecompose:

decay

9FICKLE:

CONSTANCY:

:

Anaive:

sophistication

Boptimistic:

cheerfulness

Csedate:

creativity

Dreticent:

protection

Ecompassionate:

agreement

10BOW:

VIOLIN:

:

Amute:

trumpet

Bcello:

viola

Cstick:

drum

Damplifier:

guitar

Ebaton:

conductor

11INEXPERIENCE:

NEOPHYTE:

:

Agrace:

dancer

Bdexterity:

surgeon

Csnobbishness:

sycophant

Dirresponsibility:

wastrel

Eindolence:

spendthrift

12WOOD:

SAWDUST:

:

Acandle:

wax

Bmotor:

exhaust

Csmoke:

ashes

Dsoil:

mulch

Emetal:

flings

13CARAPACE:

TURTLE:

:

Aclaw:

crab

Bhull:

seed

Ctread:

tank

Dfin:

fish

Etail:

mammal

14HUNTER:

QUARRY:

:

Aproselytizer:

convert

Banarchist:

authority

Cmaster:

expertise

Dknight:

tournament

Eteacher:

knowledge

15SOPHISM:

REASONING:

:

Amask:

disguise

Bpoison:

antidote

Ccounterfeit:

money

Dconfection:

spice

Eanagram:

proverb

16APOSTASY:

FAITH:

:

Abenediction:

piety

Brecantation:

heresy

Cordination:

doubt

Djudgment:

pardon

Econtrition:

penance

Itiswellknownthatbiological

　　changesatthemolecularlevelhave

　　morphogeneticconsequences,

　　consequencesaffectingtheformation

（5）anddifferentiationoftissuesand

　　organs.Itissuperfluoustopointout

　　thatgenemutationsanddisturbance

　　ofthebiosyntheticprocessesinthe

　　embryomayresultinabnormalitiesin

（10）themorphology（structure）ofan

　　organism.However,whereasmuchis

　　knownaboutcausesandconsequences

　　atthemolecularlevel,andinspiteof

　　anenormousaccumulationofchemical

（15）andmorphologicaldataonembryosof

　　variouskinds,outunderstandingof

　　howgenescontrolmorphogenesisis

　　stillfarfromcomplete.Perhapsone

　　reasonforthisisthatmolecular

（20）biologistsandmorphologistsspeak

　　differentlanguages.Whereasthe

　　formerspeakaboutmessenger-RNA

　　andconformationalchangesof

　　proteinmolecules,thelatterspeakof

（25）ectoderms,hypoblasts,andneural

　　crests.

　　　Onesolutiontothispredicament

　　istotrytofindsomephenomena

　　relevanttomorphogenesiswhich

（30）boththemolecularbiologistand

　　themorphologistcanunderstandand

　　discuss.Asmorphogenesismustbe

　　basicallytheresultofchangesin

　　behavioroftheindividualcells,it

（35）seemslogicaltoaskmorphologists

　　todescribethemorphogeneticevents

　　observedintermsofchangesin

　　cellularcontact,changesintherate

　　ofproliferationofcells,orsimilar

（40）phenomena.Oncethisisdone,itmay

　　beappropriatetoaskquestionsabout

　　themolecularbackgroundforthese

　　changes.Onemay,forinstance,ask

　　whethervariationsincellcontact

（45）reflectalterationsinthepopulations

　　ofmoleculesatthecellsurface,or

　　onemayinquireaboutthemolecular

　　basisfortheincreasedcellmobility

　　involvedincelldispersion.

（50）　Studiesofthiskindhavebeen

　　carriedoutwithcellsreleasedfrom

　　tissuesinvariouswaysandthen

　　allowedtorevealtheirbehaviorafter

　　beingspreadoutintoathinlayer.

（55）Inmanycases,suchcellsshowthe

　　abilitytoreaggregate,afterwhich

　　differentcelltypesmaysort

　　themselvesoutintodifferentlayers

　　andeventakepartinstillmore

（60）intricatemorphogeneticevents.Butin

　　mostcases,thebehaviorofcellsin

　　theintactembryoisdifficultto

　　studybecauseofthethicknessand

　　opacityofthecellmasses.Thesea

（65）urchinembryo,however,hasthe

　　advantagethatitissotransparent

　　thateachcellcanbeeasilyobserved

　　throughoutdevelopment.Thus,by

　　recordingthedevelopmentofasea

（70）urchinembryowithtime-lapse

　　photography,theresearchscientist

　　mightdiscoverpreviouslyunknown

　　featuresofcellularbehavior.Perhaps

　　thestudyoftheseaurchininthis

（75）mannercanprovideamediumbywhich

　　themolecularbiologistandthe

　　morphologistcanbegincommunicating

　　witheachothermoreeffectivelyabout

　　thewayinwhichgenescontrol

（80）morphogenesis.

17Theauthor'sprimarypurposeisto

Aoutlineaprocedureanddiscuss

possibleapplications

Bevaluateanexperimentinterms

ofitsapplicabilitytomedical

research

Cproposeamethodforcuringspecific

geneticdisorders

Dexplainaproblemandsuggesta

solutionforit

Erevealtheshortcomingsofseveral

attitudestowardgeneticresearch

18Theauthorstatesthatresearchinto

thegeneticcontrolofmorphogenesishas

beenimpededby

Aanincompleteunderstandingof

bimolecularreactionsthatarehighly

complex

Balackofcommunicationbetween

scientistswhoseworkcouldbe

complementary.

Careluctanceonthepartofmorphologists

tosharedatawithmolecularbiologists

Dalackofresearchintheareaof

morphology

Etheunavailabilityofsuitableresearch

equipment

19Themajorobjectiveoftheauthor's

proposalisto

Adeviseatechniqueforprovingthat

abnormalitiesinmorphologyresult

fromgenemutations

Bimprovetheproceduresfororganizing

chemicalandmorphologicaldata

Cincreasetheaccuracyofmeasurements

ofcellpopulationsandcellmobility

Dreducethemarginoferrorinthe

studyofconformationalchangesof

proteinmolecules

Eprovideaplanforincreasingknowledge

abouttheinfluenceofgeneson

morphogenesis

20Itcanbeinferredfromthepassage

thatsomecellsthathavebeenisolated

fromanorganismhavetheabilityto

Acontrolmorphogenesis

Breformtomakehigherorganisms

Creorganizetoformclustersofcells

Dregulatethetransmissionoflight

throughthecellwall

Eregulatetherateoftissueformation

21Itcanbeinferredfromthepassage

thatthestudyoftheeffectsofgenes

onmorphogenesisisbestaccomplished

byobserving

Aintactdevelopingembryos

Badultseaurchins

Cisolatedlivingcells

Dgroupsofgeneticallymutatedcells

Ecellsfromthesamekindoftissue

22Accordingtothepassage,itis

difficulttostudycellsinmost

intactembryosbecause

Amorphogeneticeventscannotbe

isolated

Bembryosdiequickly

Cembryosaredifficulttoobtain

Dindividualcellsreaggregatetoo

quickly

Eindividualcellsaredifficultto

See

23Whichofthefollowingsequencesbest

describesauthor'ssuggestionforfuture

researchonmorphogenesis?

AAccumulationofdata,simplification

oflanguage,explanationofmorphogenesis

BDispersionofcells,evaluationofcell

activity,developmentofanexplanatory

hypothesis

CClassificationofcelltypes,separation

ofcellobservationofcellactivity

DObservationofthecelldevelopment,

descriptionofcellbehavior,explanation

atthemoleculelevel

EDifferentiationofcelltypes,description

ofcellstructure,analysisofmolecular

components

24Thetoneoftheauthor'sdiscussionofthe

differencesinthelanguageusedby

morphologistsandthatusedbymolecular

biologistsisoneof

Aindifference

Bneutrality

Cderision

Dapprobation

Eindignation

TheBlackexperience,onemight

　　automaticallyassume,isknownto

　　everyBlackauthor.HenryJameswas

　　ponderingasimilarassumptionwhenhe

（5）said:

"Youweretosufferyourfate.

　　Thatwasnotnecessarilytoknowit."

　　Thisdisparitybetweenanexperience

　　andknowledgeofthatexperienceis

　　thelongestbridgeanartistmust

（10）cross.DonL.Lee,inhispictureof

　　theBlackpoet"studyinghisown

　　poetryandpoetryofotherBlack

　　poets,"touchesonthecrucialpoint.

　　Inordertotransformhisown

（15）suffering-orjoys-asaBlackperson

　　intousableknowledgeforhisreaders,

　　theauthormustfirstorderhis

　　experiencesinhismind.Onlythen

　　canbecreatefeelinglyandcoherently

（20）thecombinationoffactandmeaning

　　thatBlackaudiencesrequireforthe

　　reexplorationoftheirlives.A

　　culturalcommunityofBlackauthors

　　studyingoneanother'sbestworks

（25）systematicallywouldrepresenta

　　dynamicinterchangeofthespirit-

　　correctiveandinstructiveand

　　increasinglybeautifulinitsrecorded

expression."