直接引语和间接引语课件(详细).ppt

直接引语和间接引语课件(详细).ppt

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Directspeech直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语&indirectspeech引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:

一一.原封不动地引用原话原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括号把它放在括号内内,这叫直接引语这叫直接引语（Directspeech）;二二.用自己的话加以转述用自己的话加以转述,这叫间接引这叫间接引语语（Indirectspeech）.直接引直接引语（变化前化前）间接引接引语（变化后化后）陈述句述句Janesaid,“Imveryfondoftraveling.”that引引导的的宾语从句从句Janesaidthatshewasveryfondoftraveling.直接引直接引语（变化前化前）间接引接引语（变化后化后）一般疑一般疑问句句“Isthisyourumbrella,Mary?

”askedJohn.whether/if引引导的的宾语从句从句JohnaskedMaryifthatwasherumbrella.直接引直接引语（变化前化前）间接引接引语（变化后化后）特殊疑特殊疑问句句“Mary,whenwillyoureturnmethebook?

”askedJohn.wh-词引引导的的宾语从句从句JohnaskedMarywhenshewouldreturnhimthebook.由直接引由直接引语转变为间接引接引语,有有时会引会引时态的的变化化,注意以下几个方面注意以下几个方面:

直接引直接引语（变化前化前）间接引语间接引语（变化后变化后）主句主句动词为一般一般现在在时或或现在完成在完成时Sheoftensays,“Allmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.”从句动词时态不变从句动词时态不变Sheoftensaysthatallmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.直接引直接引语（变化前化前）间接引语间接引语（变化后变化后）主句主句动词为一一般般过去去时引引导动词为:

从句从句动词时态相相应变化化从句从句动词变为:

一般一般现在在时“Iknowit,”hesaid.一般一般过去去时Hesaidthatheknewit.直接引直接引语（变化前化前）间接引语间接引语（变化后变化后）主句主句动词为一一般般过去去时引引导动词为:

从句从句动词时态相相应变化化从句从句动词变为:

现在进行时现在进行时“Immakingcoffeeforyouall,”shesaid.过去进行时过去进行时Shesaidshewasmakingcoffeeforusall.直接引直接引语（变化前化前）间接引语间接引语（变化后变化后）主句主句动词为一一般般过去去时引引导动词为:

从句从句动词时态相相应变化化从句从句动词变为:

现在完成时现在完成时“Ihaveseenherbefore,”saidhe.过去完成时过去完成时Hesaidhehadseenherbefore.直接引直接引语（变化前化前）间接引语间接引语（变化后变化后）主句主句动词为一一般般过去去时引引导动词为:

从句从句动词时态相相应变化化从句从句动词变为:

一般过去时一般过去时“IsawherlastMonday,”hesaid.过去完成时过去完成时HesaidhehadseenherthepreviousMonday.直接引直接引语（变化前化前）间接引语间接引语（变化后变化后）主句主句动词为一一般般过去去时引引导动词为:

从句从句动词时态相相应变化化从句从句动词变为:

过去完成时过去完成时“DoyouknowRickhadbeenillinbedformanydaystillhedied?

”Jackasked.过去完成时过去完成时JackaskedifIknewRickhadbeenillinbedformanydaystillhedied.直接引直接引语（变化前化前）间接引语间接引语（变化后变化后）主句主句动词为一一般般过去去时引引导动词为:

从句从句动词时态相相应变化化从句从句动词变为:

一般将来时一般将来时Hesaid:

“Weshallstarttomorrow.”过去将来时过去将来时Hesaidtheywouldstartthenextday.直直接接引引语语变变间间接接引引语语时时,时时态态要要发发生生变变化化:

一般现在时一般现在时现在完成时现在完成时现在进行时现在进行时一般将来时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去进行时过去进行时过去将来时过去将来时过去完成时过去完成时由直接引语转变为间接引语由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况下列情况时态不变时态不变:

1.不变的真理不变的真理Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Waterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0.”Theteachertoldthestudentsthatwaterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0.2.经常的习惯：

经常的习惯：

Hesaidtothedoctor,“Ismoketwopackseveryday.”Hetoldthedoctorthathesmokestwopackseveryday.3.历史事件：

历史事件：

Theteachersaid,“WorldWarendedin1945.”TheteachersaidthatWorldWarendedin1945.4.部分情态动词部分情态动词,如如must,oughtto,usedto,hadbetter等：

等：

Shesaidtome:

“Youmusthurryup.”ShesaidthatImusthurryup.由直接引由直接引语转变为间接引接引语,下列代下列代词、形容形容词、副、副词、动词等可能要等可能要变化化直接引直接引语间接引接引语thisthesenowagotodaytomorrowthatthosethenBefore/earlierthatdaythenext/followingday直接引直接引语间接引接引语thedayaftertomorrowyesterdaylastnightthedaybeforeyesterdaycomehereintwodaystimethedaybeforethenightbeforetwodaysbefore/earliergothere1.“Ilikereadingadventurestories,”saidJohn.Johnsaidthathelikedreadingadventurestories.2.“Idontlikecomputers,”Sarahsaidtoherfriend.Sarahtoldherfriendsthatshedidntlikecomputers.ExerciseIExerciseI3.“Ann,haveyouseenmybluenotebook?

”Peterasked.PeteraskedAnnifshehadseenhisbluenotebook.4.“Howcanyoudothat?

”MarysaidtoAnn.MaryaskedAnnhowshecoulddothat.5.“Whatdifferencedoesitmake?

”PeteraskedJim.PeteraskedJimwhatdifferenceitmade.1.Jacksaidtome,“Youlookworriedtoday.”Jacktoldmethat_worried_.A.helookstodayB.youlooktodayC.welookedthatdayD.IlookedthatdayExerciseIIExerciseII2.Wesaidtoher,“Theyrewalkingthroughthestreetnow.”Wetoldherthat_throughthestreet_.A.wewerewalkingthenB.youarewalkingnowC.theywerewalkingthenD.theywalkingnow3.MrBlacksaid,“Ihavewalkedalongwaythisweek.”MrBlacksaidthat_alongway_.A.IhadwalkedlastweekB.hehadwalkedthatweekC.IwalkedlastweekD.hehaswalkedthisweek4.Themanthought,“Ishalltakeitbacktomorrow.”Themanthoughtthat_takeitback_.A.IshalltomorrowB.IshallthenextdayC.heshouldtomorrowD.hewouldthenextday5.Theysaidtous,“Areyouafraidtoleavethishouse?

”Theyaskedus_afraidtoleave_house.A.thatwerewethisB.thatwewerethatC.ifwerewethisD.ifwewerethat6.Janesaid,“Whatdidhehearaboutaweekago?

”Janeasked_about_.A.thatheheardaweekagoB.whathehadheardtheweekbeforeC.whathehadherdaweekagoD.ifheheardtheweekago7.Sheasked,“Whosehousewillhebreakintonexttime?

”Sheaskedwhosehouse_breakinto_.A.willhenexttimeB.wouldhethenexttimeC.hewouldthenexttimeD.hewillnexttime8.Jacksaidtoher,“Wheredoyouspendyourholidays?

”Jackaskedherwhere_holidays.A.shespentherB.youspendyourC.shespendherD.youspentyour9.Blackaskedme,“Whyhaventyoulefthereyet?

”Blackaskedmewhy_yet.A.IhadntleftthereB.IhaventlefthereC.hadntIleftthereD.haventIlefthere10.Theteacheraskedher,“Doesthesunriseint