高考英语综合题专练阅读理解附详细答案.docx

高考英语综合题专练阅读理解附详细答案.docx

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高考英语综合题专练阅读理解附详细答案

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Sharkattacksnotonlydisturbbeachactivities,butcanaffectassociatedtouristindustries.Sharknetsareacommonsolutiontopreventingsharkattacksonbeaches,buttheycausedangerstoseaecosystems.

   Seekingacost-effectivewaytomonitorbeachsafetyoverlargeareas,wehavedevelopedasystemcalledSharkSpotter.Itcombinesartificialintelligence（AI）,computingpower,anddrone（无人机）technologytoidentifyandwarnlifesaverstosharksnearswimmers.TheprojectisacooperationbetweentheUniversityofTechnologySydneyandTheRipperGroup,whichispioneeringtheuseofdrones—called"WestpacLittleRipperLifesavers"—inthesearchandrescuemovementinAustralia.

   SharkSpottercandetectsharksandotherpotentialthreatsusingreal-timeaerialimagery.Thesystemanalysesvideofromacameraattachedtoadronetomonitorbeachesforsharks,sendwarnings,andconductrescues.Developedwithtechniquesknownas"deeplearning",theSharkSpottersystemreceivesimageryfromthedronecameraandattemptstoidentifyallobjectsinthescene.Oncecertainobjectsaredetected,theyareputintooneof16categories:

shark,whale,dolphin,rays,differenttypesofboats,surfers,andswimmers.

   Ifasharkisdetected,SharkSpotterprovidesbothavisualsignonthecomputerscreenandanaudiblewarningtotheoperator.TheoperatorconfirmsthewarningandsendstextmessagesfromtheSharkSpottersystemtotheSurfLifeSaversforfurtheraction.Inanemergency,thedroneisequippedwithalifesavingflotationpod（漂浮仓）togetherwithanelectronicsharkrepellent（驱逐装置）thatcanbedroppedintothewaterincaseswhereswimmersareinseveretrouble,trappedinarip,oriftherearesharkscloseby.

   InJanuary2018,theWestpacLittleRipperLifesaverswasusedtorescuetwoyoungswimmerscaughtinaripatLennoxHead,NSW.Thedroneflewdownthebeachsome800metersfromthelifeguardstation,andalifesavingflotationpodwasdroppedfromthedrone.Thecompleterescueoperationtook70seconds.

   WebelieveSharkSpotterisawin-winforbothmarinelifeandbeachgoers.ThisuniquetechnologycombinesdynamicvideoimageprocessingAIandadvanceddronetechnologytocreativelydealwiththeglobalchallengeofensuringsafebeaches,protectingenvironments,andpromotingtourism.

（1）ASharkSpotteris________.

A. asolutiontomonitorsharks                           

B. anequipmenttoidentifylifesavers

C. atechnologytopreventsharkattacks           

D. aprojecttopioneertheuseofdrones

（2）Whenasharkisspottednearaswimmer,thesystemwill________.

A. taketimelyaction                                            

B. analyzethevisualdata

C. classifytheidentifiedobjects                          

D. turnon"deeplearning"mode

（3）Theexampleinthe5thparagraphshowsusthatthesystemis________.

A. efficientinsavinglives                                    

B. effectiveindetectingsharks

C. smartindrivingsharksaway                           

D. practicaloverthewholeseaarea

（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureofSharkSpotter?

A.Doubtful.

B.Optimistic.

C.Negative.

D.Objective.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）A

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种旨在防止鲨鱼袭击的技术SharkSpotter的工作原理以及重要意义。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的”Ifasharkisdetected,SharkSpotterprovidesbothavisualsignonthecomputerscreenandanaudiblewarningtotheoperator.TheoperatorconfirmsthewarningandsendstextmessagesfromtheSharkSpottersystemtotheSurfLifeSaversforfurtheraction.“如果鲨鱼被发现，SharkSpotter会在电脑屏幕上显示视觉讯号，并向操作员发出听觉警告。

操作员确认了警告，并从鲨鱼观测者系统向冲浪救生员发送短信，以便采取进一步行动。

可推断出SharkSpotter是一种防止鲨鱼袭击的技术，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的”Inanemergency,thedroneisequippedwithalifesavingflotationpod（漂浮仓）togetherwithanelectronicsharkrepellent（驱逐装置）thatcanbedroppedintothewaterincaseswhereswimmersareinseveretrouble,trappedinarip,oriftherearesharkscloseby.“在紧急情况下，无人机配备了一个救生浮选舱和一个电子防鲨器，当游泳者遇到严重麻烦、被困在裂口或附近有鲨鱼时，可以将防鲨器放入水中。

可知当在游泳者附近发现鲨鱼时，系统会及时采取行动，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第五段”InJanuary2018,theWestpacLittleRipperLifesaverswasusedtorescuetwoyoungswimmerscaughtinaripatLennoxHead,NSW.Thedroneflewdownthebeachsome800metersfromthelifeguardstation,andalifesavingflotationpodwasdroppedfromthedrone.Thecompleterescueoperationtook70seconds.“2018年1月，西太平洋小开创者救生员队（WestpacLittleRipperLifesavers）被用来营救两名在新南威尔士州伦诺克斯海德（LennoxHead）被困的年轻游泳者。

这架无人机从距离救生站800米的海滩上飞下来，一个救生浮筒从无人机上掉了下来。

整个营救行动耗时70秒。

可推知第五段的例子告诉我们这个系统在拯救生命方面是有效的，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的”WebelieveSharkSpotterisawin-winforbothmarinelifeandbeachgoers.“我们相信SharkSpotter对海洋生物和海滩游客来说都是双赢的。

可知作者对SharkSpotter的未来持乐观的态度。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Ifyouwearglasses,chancesareyouaresmarter.ResearchpublishedinthefamousBritishjournalNatureCommunicationshasfoundthatpeoplewhodisplayedhigherlevelsofintelligencewerealmost30percentmorelikelytowearglasses.

   Thescientistsstudiedthegenesofthousandsofpeoplebetweentheagesof16and102.Thestudyshowedintelligencecanbeconnectedtophysicalcharacteristics.Onecharacteristicwaseyesight.Inoutof10peoplewhoweremoreintelligent,therewasahigherchancetheyneededglasses.Scientistsalsosaidbeingsmarterhasotherbenefits.Itisconnectedtobetterhealth.

   Itisimportanttoremembertheseareconnectionswhicharenotprovencauses.Scientistscallthiscorrelation.Justbecausesomethingisconnectedtosomethingelsedoesnotmeanoneofthosethingscausedtheother.Andit'sworthnotingthatwhatconstitutesintelligenceissubjectiveandcanbedifficult,ifnotimpossible,tomeasure.

   Forgetgenesthough.Plentyofproofshowswearingglassesmakespeoplethinkyouaremoreintelligent,evenifyoudonotneedglasses.Anumberofstudieshavefoundpeoplewhowearglassesareseenassmarter,hard-workingandhonest.Manylawyersusethisideatohelpwintheircases.LawyerHarveySolvesexplainedthis.Glassessoftentheirappearance.Hesaidsometimestherehasbeenahugeamountofproofshowingthatpeoplehewasdefendingbrokethelaw.Hehadthemwearglassesandtheyweren'tfoundguilty.

   GlassesarealsousedtoshowsomeoneisintelligentinmoviesandonTV.Ideasaboutpeoplewhowearglasseshavebeguntoshift.Peoplewhodonotneedglassessometimeswearthemforfashiononly.Theywanttolookworldlyorcool.Butnoteveryoneisimpressedbythisidea,though.GQmagazinesaidpeoplewhowearglassesforfashionaretryingtoohardtolooksmartandhip（时髦的）.However,thathasn'tstoppedmanycelebritiesfromhappilywearingglasseseveniftheydonotneedthem.JustinBieberisjustonehigh-profilefanoffashionglasses.

（1）Whatdoesthenewstudyshow?

A. Peoplewearingglassesaresmarter.

B. Peoplewearingglassesarehealthier.

C. Wearingglassescanmakepeoplecleverer.

D. WearingglassesisassociatedwithhigherIQ.

（2）WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph3mean?

A. Shift.                             

B. Link.                             

C. Proof.                             

D. Consequence.

（3）Whydosomelawyersasktheirclientstowearglassesincourt?

A. Becauseitcancreateamoralimage.             

B. Becauseitcanmisleadthewitnesses.

C. Becauseitcanhighlightclients'qualities.     

D. Becauseitcanprovetheclients'innocence.

（4）Whatisthegeneralattitudetothosewhowearglassesforfashion?

A. Positive.                           B. Negative.                           C. Mixed                           D. Indifferent.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现戴眼镜和高智商有关，文章还指出有些人只是为了追求时尚而戴眼镜。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Thestudyshowedintelligencecanbeconnectedtophysicalcharacteristics.Onecharacteristicwaseyesight.Inoutof10peoplewhoweremoreintelligent,therewasahigherchancetheyneededglasses.”可知，研究表明，智力与身体特征有关，其中一个特征就是视力，在10个更聪明的人中，他们需要眼镜的几率更高，也就是说戴眼镜与高智商有关，故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“Justbecausesomethingisconnectedtosomethingelsedoesnotmeanoneofthosethingscausedtheother.”可知，仅仅因为某物与其他事物相联系并不意味着其中一个事物导致了另一个事物，这是对画线词的解释说明，因此此处是说重要的是要记住这些都是没有被证实的原因的联系，科学家称之为相关性，由此可知画线词词义为“相关联、联系”，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Anumberofstudieshavefoundpeoplewhowearglassesareseenassmarter,hard-workingandhonest.Manylawyersusethisideatohelpwintheircases.LawyerHarveySolvesexplainedthis.Glassessoftentheirappearance.”可知，许多研究发现，戴眼镜的人被视为更聪明、更勤奋、更诚实，眼镜使他们看起来更温和，许多律师利用这个想法来帮助他们赢得官司，可知，一些律师让他们的当事人在法庭上戴眼镜是因为戴上眼镜有助于塑造一个道德的形象，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Peoplewhodonotneedglassessometimeswearthemforfashiononly.Theywanttolookworldlyorcool.Butnoteveryoneisimpressedbythisidea,though.”可知，不需要眼镜的人有时戴眼镜只是为了时尚，他们想显得酷一些，但并不是每个人都对这个想法印象深刻，可知，对于那些追求时尚而戴眼镜的人来说，人们的态度是既有人支持也有人反对，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   You'reprobablyusedtotheregularupgradesinourcell-phonenetworks.Therewas2G,whichcamealongin199l,replacedwith3Gin2001,followedby4Gin2009.Nowwe'rehearingaboutthecomingof5G.

   But5Gisamuchbiggerleapthanbefore.5G,ofcourse,ismuchfasterthan4Gintherealworldanda5Gphoneina5GcitywillenjoyInternetspeedsbetween9and20timesasfast.Thearrivalof5Galsomeansenormousleapsforwardincapacity－somuchthateverycell-phoneplanwilloffercheap,trulyunlimitedInternetaccess."Theconsequencesofthatarehuge,"saysSherifHanna,Qualcomm'sdirectorof5Gmarketing.Forexample,appswillnolongerdegrade（降低）yourvideoqualityorpostponedownloadingwhenyou'reoutofWi-Firange.Infact,you'llprobablyprefertodo