Sonnet-18-诗歌赏析.doc

Sonnet-18-诗歌赏析.doc

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EnglishPoetryAppreciation--Sonnet18

1.Rhyme

Thefirst12linesrhymeeveryotherlineandthelasttwolines’endrhymesarethesame,whichformstherhyme-schemeofabab,cdcd,efef,gg.

（Sonnet18

WilliamShakespeare（1564-1616）

ShallIcomparetheetoasummer’sday?

/ei/a

Thouartmorelovelyandmoretemperate:

/eit/b

RoughwindsdoshakethedarlingbudsofMay,/ei/a

Andsummer’sleasehathalltooshortadate,/eit/b

Sometimestoohottheeyeofheavenshines,/aiz/c

Andoftenishisgoldcomplexiondimed:

/imd/d

Andeveryfairformfairsometimesdeclines,/aiz/c

Bychanceornature’schangingcourseuntrimm’d:

/imd/d

Butthyeternalsummershallnotfade,/eid/e

Norlosepossessionofthatfairthouow’st:

/əʊst/f

Norshalldeathbragthouwander’stinhisshade,/eid/e

Whenineternallinestotimethougrow’st./əʊst/f

Solongasmencanbreathe,oreyescansee,/iː/g

Solonglivesthis,andthisgiveslifetothee./iː/g）

2.Meter

Eachlineinthissonnetisiniambicpentameterwhichmeanseachlinehasfivefeet,usuallyanunaccentedsyllablefollowedbyanaccentedsyllable.

Forexample,wecandividethefirstlineintofiveindependentfeetas“ShallI/compare/theeto/asum/mer’sday?

”withaccentsonshall,com,thee,a,merrespectively.

（Sonnet18

WilliamShakespeare（1564-1616）

ShallI/compare/theeto/asum/mer’sday?

Thouart/morelove/lyand/moretem/perate:

Roughwinds/doshake/thedar/lingbuds/ofMay,

Andsum/mer’slease/hathall/tooshort/adate:

Sometimes/toohot/theeye/ofhea/venshines

Andof/tenis/hisgold/complexiondimm’d;

Andeve/ryfair/formfair/sometimes/declines,

Bychance/orna/ture’schanging/courseun/trimm’d;

Butthy/eter/nalsum/mershall/notfade,

Norlose/posse/ssionof/thatfair/thouow’st;

Norshall/deathbrag/thouwan/der’stin/hisshade.

Whenin/eter/nallines/totime/thougrow’st:

Solong/asmen/canbreathe/,oreyes/cansee,

Solong/livesthis/,andthis/giveslife/tothee.）

3.TheRhetoricalDevices

3.1SimileandRhetoricQuestion

Example:

ShallIcomparetheetoasummer’sday?

Simile:

Summerand“you”arenotsimilaronthesurface,butvirtuallytheyaretherepresentativesofbeauty.

RhetoricQuestion:

Itisalsoarhetoricalquestion,thatis,formallyit’saquestion.Readersdon'tneedtoanswerbecausetheanswerisveryclear.

3.2Metaphor

Example:

Andsummer’sleasehathalltooshortadate:

Thesummer’sdayiscomparedtoahouse,whichisthethingwelendfromthenature.Therefore,it’speriodofuseislimited,anditalsoinsinuatesthetimethatthedurationofyouthandbeautyislimited.

3.3Personification

Example:

Andoftenishisgoldcomplexiondimm’d;

Obviouslythepoetcomparesthesuntoaman,sohedepictshiscomplexion.（Complexionisusuallyusedtodescribesomeone.）

3.4Hyperbole

Example:

Butthyeternalsummershallnotfade,

Accordingtothelawsofnature,everybeautifulthingwillgraduallylosetheirbeauty,sohowcanthebeautyofthepersonwhothepoetdescribesbeeternal?

4.Theme

Inthebeginningquatrain,thepoetcompareshisfriendtoabeautifulsummer’sdayinordertoarousereaders’wonderfulimagination.However,thepoetrealizesthatthemetaphorcan’texpresshishighpraiseforhisfriendbecausesummerwillfadeawaythoughit’sbeautiful.Thenhowtomakethebeautyofhisfriendeternal?

Thepoetfinallythinksofthepoetry.Hethinksthatwiththepowerofthepoem,hecanmakethebeautyofhisfriendimmortal.Thatistosay,thebeautyofhisfriendisimmoralinthatthepoetryiseternal.

Inaword,thepoemexpressesthetwothemes.Foronething,thepoethighlypraisesthebeautyofhisfriend,andforanotherthing,thepoetalsoeulogizesthepoetryart’sbeautyandimmortality.