全国职称英语等级考试全真题人文类0.docx

全国职称英语等级考试全真题人文类0.docx

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全国职称英语等级考试全真题人文类0

全国职称英语等级考试全真题（人文类）

Passage1

The16thcentury,knownasthe"AgeofGenius",wasacomplicated（复杂）anddifficulttimetolive.ManycountriesfoughtforthepowerandrichesofthenewlydiscoveredAmericas.Menintroducednewideaswhichdemandedgreatchangesinolderideas.Despitetheseproblemsandpossiblybecauseofthem,wonderfulthingsweredonebythegreatestofmen.

Itisindeeddifficulttoknowwhyinsomeperiodsyoufindmanymenofgeniuswhileinothersyoumayfindfew.The"AgeofGenius",however,producedsomeofthegreatestthinkers,painters,authors,andscientists.

InItalyduringtheHighRenaissance（文艺复兴）,aperiodofthe"AgeofGenius",threefamouspaintersstartedtheirwork.TheywereLeonardodaVinci,MichelangeloandRaphael.

LeonardodaVinciisfamousnotonlyforhisbeautifulpaintingsbutalsoforhistalentinthesciences.Oneofhisbest-knownpaintingisthe"MonaLisa."Michelangelowasalsoamanofmanytalents.Hewasanartist;hewrotepoems;hedrewplansforbuildings;andheworkedwithotherformsofart.Hisbest-knownworkisthepaintingontheceilingoftheSistineChapelinRome（罗马西斯教堂）.

Raphaelwasknownforhispainting.Hemadewell-balancedpicturesoutofmanydifferentactions.

1.Anothernameforthe16thcenturyisthe________.

A.ClassicalAge

B.MiddleAges

C."AgeofGenius"

D.AgeofRenaissance

2.Toknowwhyinsomeperiodsyoufindmanyintelligentmenandfewinotheris__________.

A.aneasythingtodo

B.averydifficultthingtodo

C.notimportant

D.unnecessary

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisimpliedinthefirstparagraphofthepassage?

A.Geniusesareborntalented.

B.Geniusesareoftenproducedinthesameage.

C.Fightingfortherichesofthenewly-discoveredAmericasproducedgeniuses.

D.Aperiodduringwhichnewideaswerereplacingolderideasmightproducegeniuses.

4._________isfamousforhispaintingsandforhistalentinscience.

A.Raphael

B.LeonardodaVinci

C.Michelangelo

D.MonaLisa

5.Michelangeloisknownfor__________.

A.hisMonaLisa

B.hispaintingsinSistineChapel

C.hiswell-balancedpictures

D.hiscontributionstoscience

Passage2

Footballis,Ibelieve,themostpopulargameinEngland:

onehasonlytogotooneoftheimportantmatchestoseethis.Richandpoor,youngandold,onecanseethemallthere,shoutingforonesideortheother.

ToastrangeroneofthemostsurprisingthingsaboutfootballinEnglandisthegreatknowledgeofthegamewhicheventhesmallestboyseemstohave.Hecantellyouthenamesoftheplayersinmostoftheimportantteams,hehaspicturesofthemandknowstheresultsoflargenumberofmatches.Hewilltellyouwhoheexpectswillwinsuchandsuchamatch,andhisopinionisusuallyasgoodasthatofmenthreeoffourtimeshisage.

MostschoolsinEnglandtakefootballseriously-muchmoreseriouslythannearlyallEuropeanschools,wherelessonsareallthatareimportant,andgamesareleftforthechildrenthemselves.InEnglanditisbelievedthateducationisnotonlyamatteroffillingaboy'smindwithfactsintheclassroom,educationalsomeansthetrainingofcharacter;andoneofthebestwaysoftrainingcharacterisbymeansofgames,especiallyteamgames,insteadofworkingforhimselfalone.Theschoolthereforeplansgamesandmatchesforitspupils.Footballisagoodteamgame,itisgoodbothforthebodyandthemind.Thatiswhyitiseveryschool'sgameinEngland.

6.Atfootballmatches,peopleoften_______oneteamortheotherbyshouting.

A.watch

B.winover

C.laughat

D.support

7.InEnglandschoolboysseem_________footballgames.

A.toknowagreatdealabout

B.nottoknowmuchabout

C.toknowalittleabout

D.toknownothingabout

8.Inthesentence"Hsisasgoodasthatofmenthreeoftimeshisage","that"means__________.

A.thematch

B.theopinion

C.theage

D.theteam

9.InEngland,educationmeans__________.

A.fillingaboy'smindwithstories

B.morethanteachingofknowledge

C.theteachingofknowledgeonly

D.trainingcharacterbymeansoffootballgame

10.Footballgamesareveryamong_________.

A.allpeople

B.adults

C.boysandgirls

D.boysonly

Passage3

Howmeanfirstlearnedtoinventwordsisunknown;inotherwords,theoriginoflanguageisamystery（奥秘）.Allwereallyknowisthatmenunlikeanimals,somehowinventedcertainsoundstoexpressthoughtsandfeelings,actionsandthings,sothattheycouldcommunicatewitheachother;andthatlatertheyagreeduponcertainsigns,calledletters,whichcouldbecombinedtorepresentthosesoundsandwhichcouldbewrittendown.Thosesounds,whetherspoken,orwritteninletters,wecallwords.

Thepowerofwords,then,liesintheirassociation（关联）-thethingstheybringupbeforeourminds.Wordsbecomefilledwithmeaningforusbyexperience;andthelongerwelive,themorecertainwordsrecalltousthegladandsadeventsofourpast;andthemorewereadandlearn,themorethenumberofwordsthatmeansomethingtousincreases.

Greatwritersarethosewhonotonlyhavegreatthoughtsbutalsoexpressthesethoughtsinwordswhichappealpowerfullytoourmindsandemotions.Thischarmingandtellinguseofwordsiswhatwecallliterary（文学）style.Aboveall,therealpoetisamasterofwords.Hecanconveyhismeaninginwordswhichsinglikemusic,andwhichbytheirpositionandassociationcanmovementotears.Weshould,therefore,learntochooseourwordscarefullyandusethemaccurately,ortheywillmakeourspeechsillyandvulgar（粗俗）.

11.Theoriginoflanguageis________.

A.alegendhandeddownfromthepast

B.amatterthatishiddenorsecret

C.aquestiondifficulttoanswer

D.aproblemnotyetsolved

12.Oneofthereasonswhymeninventedcertainsoundstoexpressthoughtsandactionswasthat____________.

A.theycouldagreeuponcertainsings

B.theycouldwritethemdown

C.theycouldcommunicatewitheachother

D.theycouldcombinethem

13.Whatistrueaboutwords?

A.Theycannotbewrittendown.

B.Theycanbewrittendown.

C.Theyaresimplysounds.

D.Theyaremysterious.

14.Therealpowerofwordsexistsintheir___________.

A.properties

B.characteristics

C.peculiarity

D.representativefunctions

15.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.Themorewereadandlearn,themoreignorantweare.

B.Themorewereadandlearn,themoreconfusedwewillbe.

C.Themorewereadandlearn,themorelearnedweare.

D.Themorewereadandlearn,themoresnobbishwebecome.

第二部分完成句子（25分）

根据短文内容完成句子，每个空格只能填一个单词。

有的单词第一个字母已经给出，请将其余字母补全。

Socialcustomsandwaysofbehavingchange.Thingswhichwereconsideredimpolitemanyyearsagoarenowacceptable.Justafewyearsago,itwasconsideredimpolitebehaviourforamantosmokeonthestreet.Nomanwhothoughtofhimselfasbeingagentlemanwouldmakeafoolofhimselfbysmokingwhenaladywasinaroom.

Customsalsodifferfromcountrytocountry.Doesamanwalkontheleftortherightofawomaninyourcountry?

Ordoesn'titmatter?

Whatabouttablemanners?

Shouldyouusebothhandswhenyouareeating?

Shouldyouleaveoneinyourlap,oronthetable?

TheAmericansandtheBritishnotonlyspeakthesamelanguagebutalsosharealargenumberofsocialcustoms.Forexample,inbothAmericanandEnglandpeopleshakehandswhentheymeeteachotherforthefirsttime.Also,mostEnglishmenwillopenadoorforawomanoroffertheirseattowoman,andsowillmostAmericans.Promptness（准时）isimportantbothinEnglandandinAmerica.Thatis,ifadinnerinvitationisfor7o'clock,thedinnerguesteitherarrivesclosetothattimeorcallsuptoexplainhisdelay.

Theimportantthingtorememberaboutsocialcustomsisnottodoanythingthatmightmakeotherpeoplefeeluncomfortable-especiallyiftheyareyourguests.Thereisanoldstoryaboutamanwhogaveaformaldinnerparty.Whenthefoodwasserved,oneoftheguestsstartedtoeathispeaswithaknife.Theotherguestswereamusedorshocked,butthehostcalmlypickeduphisknifeandbeganeatinginthesameway.Itwouldhavebadmannerstomakehisguestfeelfoolishoruncomfortable.

16.Socialcustomsvarynotonlyindifferenttimesbutalsodifferentc.

17.Generally,theEnglishandtheAmericansspeakthesamelanguageandformanycasesbinthesameway.

18.InAmerica,ifonehasacceptedadinnerinvitation,heshouldtthehosttoexplainthereasonifheistobelate.

19.Thebesthostisthepersonwhotrieshisbesttomakehisguestsfeelc.

20.Inthepast,peopleconsidereditbmannerstosmokeonthestreet.

第三部分阅读理解（80分）

Passage1

Someyearsago,WinthropandLuellaKelloggdecidedtostudythisandotherquestions,rearingachimpanzee（黑猩猩）inanormalhumanenvironment,Gua,aseven-andone-half-month-oldfemalechimpanzee,wasadoptedintotheirhouseholdtobetreatedinthesamefashionastheirten-month-oldsonDonald.Thetwobabiesweredressedalike,fedinthesameway,andallowedequalplayopportunities.Ingoingtothepark,goingtobed,orbeingtoilettrained,bothhadessentiallysimilarexperiences,andtheparentstriedtogivethemequallove.

Shortlyaftertheexperimentbegan,GuabecameslightlysuperiortoDonaldinwordrecognition,butDonald'sinferiority（劣势）mightbeexplainedonthebasisoflessphysicalability.Thechimpanzeewasmoreagile（灵活）andthereforecouldrespondmorereadilytosuchrequestsas"Getuponthechair."Astimepassed,however,thechildgainedrapidlyonthechimpanzee,andbytheendoftheperiodofinvestigation