教育专业外文翻译一体化教育与真正的科研.docx

教育专业外文翻译一体化教育与真正的科研.docx

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教育专业外文翻译一体化教育与真正的科研

外文原文：

IntegratingEducationandRealResearch

Abstract

Popularmediahasspawnedarecentinterestinteachingroboticsintheclassroom.Manydifferentapproacheshavebeenattempted,withmanythatfocusonrobotcompetitions.However,followingthecompetition,studentsoftendonotknowwheretoturntokeeptheircuriosityinroboticsalive.Thispaperdiscussesacollaborativeapproachthatshowsstudentsaclearpathfromearlyrobotcompetitionsthroughtocareersinthefield.Theapproachreliesonstudentparticipationinrealresearchandaladderofmentorshipthroughtheiracademicjourney.

Introduction

Therehasrecentlybeenasurgeinroboticsinterestinthepopularmedia.Studentsfromkindergartenthroughgraduateschoolhavecaughtthefeverandarestudyingroboticsinmanydifferentways.OneofthemostpopularhasbeenthroughrobotcompetitionsthathaverangedinstylefromLegorobotleagues,likeBot-ballandFirstLegoLeague,tocomplexmechanicalleagues,liketheFirstRoboticsCompetition,tosimulationonlyleaguessuchastheRoboCupSimulationleague.Formanystudentsthesecompetitionsareaneyeopeningandlifechangingexperience;forthefirsttime,manymayseeapracticalandexcitingapplicationofmathandscience,andmaywishtopursuerobotics.Buthow,what'sthenextstep?

TheRemoteExplorationProgram（REP）isanattemptatbridgingthegapsthatexistbetweentheseearlyexperiencesandthenextstepsthatcanleadtoacareerinscience,engineeringandevenrobotics.

REPisacollaborativeeffortbetweenWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis（WUSTL）,theIdahoNationalEngineeringandEnvironmentalLaboratory（INEEL）,theSt.LouisScienceCenter,andSt.Louisareaschools.Thegoalistocreateaninclusiveoutreachprogramofscience,engineeringandoriginalresearchthatinturnfostersaclearerpathforstudentstopursuecareersinthefieldsofscience,engineering,androbotics.Theprogramconsistsofongoingoutreachactivitiesthatculminateintheremoteexplorationofanunknownsiteusingrobots.

TheRemoteExplorationProgram

TheRemoteExplorationProgram（REP）isstructuredwithongoingscienceandengineeringoutreachprogramsthroughouttheacademicyear.However,thekeystoneeventistheremoteexplorationofanunknownsite.Forthisexploration,studentswillcometotheSt.LouisScienceCenterandteleoperatearobotthatisphysicallyagreatdistanceaway（inanotherstate）,toexploreanunknownenvironment.ThevisionforREPisthatthisremoteenvironmentwillshowmountainsandothergeologicfeaturesthatstudentsfromtheMidwestareunfamiliarwithtoengenderarealsenseofbeingsomewhereelse.Themissionwillthenbeforthestudentstosimplyexplorethisforeignremoteenvironmenttheyhavebeenplacedin.TheotherconceptisforstudentstocompletearealworldmissionsimilartotasksthattheINEELgroupisinterestedin.TwoofINEEL’scurrentinterestsareremotecharacterizationofhighradiationenvironmentsandurbansearchandrescueoperations.

Forthepilotprograminthespringof2004,theremoteenvironmentwillbehousedattheSt.LouisScienceCenterandtheexplorationwillbesimilartoarealworldrobotictask.Webelievethatitwilladdvaluetoboththehumanfactorsresearchandtothestudentsexperienceiftheteleoperationactivitysimulatesarealworldroboticmissionsuchasexploringasimulatedhazardousmaterialcontaminationorexploringamockcollapsedbuilding.Startinginthespringof2005,theremoteenvironmentwillbeoutdoorsneartheINEELfacilityinIdahoFalls,ID.Forthisoutdoorenvironmentwearestillconsideringseveralexplorationtasks.Wewouldliketosimulateanenvironmentalcleanupandmonitoringtask,buthavenotworkedouthowtosimulatethiswithcontaminantsthatcaneffectivelybesensed.

ProgramGoals

It’simportanttokeepinmindthattheremoteexplorationisonlyavehicletoaccomplishourgoals.REPstruefocusisitstwomaingoals:

toinvolveyoungstudentsinrealresearch,andtodelineateaclearpathfromearlychildhoodinterestinroboticsthroughtocareersinthefield.Scienceandengineeringoutreacharemerelyaddedbenefitsnecessarytofulfillthemaingoals.

RealResearch

Recently,introducingstudentstorealresearchhasbecomeahottopicinacademia;butitreallyhasn’treachedthelevelthatREPistargeting.TheNationalScienceFoundation’sprogramssuchasResearchExperienceforUndergraduates（REU）andtheSt.LouisareaStudentsandTeachersasResearchScientists（STARS）programsoftenintroduceundergraduatesandhighschoolstudentstoresearch,butREPwillofferstudentsasyoungasKindergartenanopportunitytoparticipateinrealresearch,albeitinalimitedway.

Themostsignificantportionoftherealresearchwillbehuman-robotinteractionstudieswhichwillfocusonimprovingtheperformanceoftheGraphicalUserInterface（GUI）developedbyINEELfortheirrealworldrobotmissions.Aspartoftheirongoinghuman-robotinteractionandlong-termrobotautonomyresearch,K-12studentswillbeintertwinedwiththeresearchasbothparticipantsandreviewers.

Forthespringremoteexploration,oneofthevariableswewanttostudyisuserperformancebasedonpriorexperiencewiththeGUI.Toaccomplishthis,studentparticipantswillbedividedintoseveralgroups,basedonthelevelofexperiencethestudentshavewiththeGUI.Somewillhavenoexperience,otherssomeexperienceandtheremainderextensiveexperience.Thestudentoperatorwillthenbeallowedtoteleoperatetherobottoaccomplishthetask,whiletherestoftheclassassiststheoperatorbyperformingdataanalysisontheenvironment.Forthemoreadvancedstudents,followingtheremoteexplorationtheywillhaveanopportunitytomeetwiththehumanfactorsresearcherswhowillgiveanintroductiontohuman-robotinteractionstudies.Thestudentswillthengettocontributeasresearcherastheyparticipateinreviewingthevideooftheirinteraction,guidedbytheprofessionalresearchers.

CareerPath

Thesignificanceofusingrealworldapplicationsforthepurposeofthesimulationismultifaceted.Oneofthemostimportantreasonsisthattheserealworldactivitiesgroundthehuman-robotinteractionresearchbecauseitevaluatestheGUIbeingusedforitsoriginalintention.Butevenmoreimportantly,usingarealworldapplicationisanessentiallinkinREP’schainthatleadsinterestedstudentstocareersinscience,engineeringandrobotics.It’sasubtlepoint,butmanystudentsthatparticipateinrobotcompetitionshaveverylittleexposuretorobotsoutsidethecompetition.WhenaskedforarealworldapplicationtheironlyexamplesmaybefactoryrobotworkersorMarsrovers.Factoryrobotsaren’tsexy,andNASAisn’tabouttoletakindergartenerdriveSpritorOpportunity.REPoffersstudentsanopportunitytoseefirsthandwhatrobotsandroboticistsdointherealworldandtomeetpotentialfuturerolemodels.

ButthenREPbuildsonthisexperience.Forthosestudentsthatareinterestedtheycanparticipateatthenextlevel.TheycanparticipateinvoluntarysupplementalprogramssuchastheSaturdayScienceSeminarsortheSaturdayEngineeringEventsorevenoneofthesummeropportunities.REPhasamentorshipladderforinterestedstudentsbuiltintotheseactivities.Itusesstudentsthatexcelatonegradeleveltoassiststudentsinlowerlevels.Inthisinteractionthehighergradestudentsalsohavetheopportunitytosharewiththeyoungerstudentstheircurrentprojects.Bothstudentstakeawayfromthisexperience.Theolderstudentseestheenthusiasmandtherespecttheyoungerpaysthem,andtheyoungerstudentgainsfromadviceandguidanceoftheolder.

Thementorshipladderisalreadybeingestablished.Thefirstrungwasestablishingasummermentorshipprogramforaspiringhighschoolstudents.ThesestudentshadtheopportunitytocometoWUSTLduringthesummermonthsandstudyrobotics.AsecondrungwasestablishedwhenanundergraduatewhohadgottenexcitedaboutFIRSTroboticscontinuedherinterestandcontinuedtheworkofothersonaprototypeplanetaryroveratWUSTLunderthementorshipofagraduatestudent.Andtheladdercontinuestodevelop;thisfallstudentsatGatewayMiddleSchool,aSt.LouisPublicSchoolthatWUSTLworkswith,workedoncreatinganoutdoorrobottobedeployedattheremotesite.Thosestudentsthatexcelledhavebeenaskedbacktohelpmentornewstudentsinasimilarproject.AndtheladderwillcontinuetodevelopasundergraduatestudentswillbegiventheopportunitytocontinuetheirinterestatreallabssuchasINEELduringthesummer,andpeopleinindustryaregiventheopportunitytoreturntograduateschooltocompleteadvanceddegrees.

ScienceOutreach

AsideproductofREParetheScientificOutreachopportunitiesitproduces.TherearethreemajorcomponentstoREP’sscientificoutreach:

SaturdayScienceSeminars,St.LouisScienceCenterExhibits,andclassroomtie-ins.SaturdayScienceSeminarswillofferinsightintothescienceofrobotics.Takingahigherlevellookatthecomponentsofarobot,studentswillspendsignificanttimelearninghowtoteleoperatetherobotsusingtheinterfaceandmaylearnaboutthescienceofsearchandrescueorhazardousmaterialcleanup.

InadditiontoMissionControlandtherobottrainingarea,theSt.LouisScienceCenterwillhaveexhibitspaceopenforthegeneralpublictolearnaboutrobottechnologies.Theywillhavedisplaysexplainingrobotandsensortechnologiesandwilloffermodelsforhandsonlearningaboutdifferentsensors.TheSt.LouisScienceCenterwillalsoplayacrucialroleinscientificoutreachwithhowMissionControlitsel