广东省汕头市潮阳第一中学等七校联合体届高三英语冲刺模拟试题2.docx

广东省汕头市潮阳第一中学等七校联合体届高三英语冲刺模拟试题2.docx

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广东省汕头市潮阳第一中学等七校联合体届高三英语冲刺模拟试题2

广东省汕头市潮阳第一中学等七校联合体2019届高三英语冲刺模拟试题

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Questioningtheexistenceofaliensissomethingthatscientistshavedonefordecades.Infact,mostpeopledobelievethataliensexistinsomefashion.Themainnecessitiesforlifearewaterandsomeformofenergysource.Notsurprisingly,therearesomeplanets,exoplanetsandmoonsthatfitthebill.Hereareseveralbestchancesatfindinglifeintheuniverse.

◆TRAPPIST-1

TRAPPIST-1isaplanetarysystemafewdozenlight-yearsaway,whosediscoverywasannouncedinearly2017.ThissystemconsistsofsevenEarth-likeexoplanets

orbitingan"ultra-cool"star,anditisoneofourshotsatfindingpossible

lifebeyondourownsolarsystem.

◆Titan

TitanisthelargestmoonofSaturn,thesixthplanetfromourSun.Thismooncouldpotentiallyharborlifebutpossiblynotinthesensethatwethink.Titandoesnotexactlyfitthedescriptionofbeinginatypicalhabitablezone.

Titanhaswater,andithasliquid.Itjustdoesn'thaveliquidwater.Thewateronthismooniscompletelysolidbecauseoftheextremelycoldtemperature.

◆Europa

EuropaisoneofJupiter'smoonshereinourownsolarsystem.Itisanothercandidateduetoitspotentialtoholdliquidwater.Europaisthoughttohaveallthenecessitiesforlifeincludingwater,energysources,andtherightchemicalbuild-up.

◆Mars

TheRedPlanet,thefourthfromtheSun,isprobablyoneofthemosttalked-aboutpotentialcandidatesforextraterrestrial（地球外的）lifeandevenforhumancolonization.Despitesomedifferentvoices,findingextraterrestriallifeonMarsreallyisaseriouspossibility.

Weknowbynowthatwewon'tfindlittlegreenmenoranyintelligentformoflifethatweunderstand.However,thereisevidencethattherewasandmaystillbemicroscopiclifeonthesmallredplanet.

21.Thecommonpointofthesecelestial（天上的）bodiesisthat_______.

A.solidwaterexistsonthemrespectivelyB.lifemightexistoneachofthem

C.theyallcontainliquidwaterD.eachofthemhaslivingthingsonit

22.Whichcelestialbodycouldhavelifedifferentfromhumanimagination?

A.TRAPPIST-1.B.Titan.C.Europa.D.Mars.

23.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Europaisthemosttalked-aboutpotentialcandidateforextraterrestriallife.

B.TRAPPIST-1istheonlybodythatcontainslifebeyondthesolarsystem.

C.Allthescientistsdobelievethataliensexisti

nsomemanner.

D.ThereisproofthatlifeexistedonthecelestialbodyMars.

B

Atschool,Iwasinthetopsetformaths.MyteachersrecommendedthatIstudyeconomicsandstatisticsasmyA-levelsubjects,butIhadmymindsetonalifefulfilledbythearts.

Infact,Iwasavictimofagenderstereotypemadestrongersincebirth,thatmendoscienceandmathsandwomendoartsorlanguages.Computerscience,technologyandphysicsjustdidnotfigureinmyteenageworldview.Nobodypopularinmyschoolchosetostudythosesubjects.

RealitystruckhardwhenIbeganattendingjobinterviewsandinterviewerswouldsay:

“It’sgreatthatyouspeakforeignlanguages,butwhatelsedoyoudo?

”Nobodyaskedmyfriendswhohadstudiedscienceortechnologythosequestions.

Asurveyrecentlyshowedthatthreeofthebest-paidjobsforwomenareinthetechnologysector.It’sasectorthatreallycanchangetheworld.Wemustshowgirlsthattechnologyhasaneffectoneveryindustryoutthere,fromfashiontoarchitecturetojournalism.Anybodycanlearntocodeandthesedaysit’sasimportantasreadingandwriting.I’verealizedthatatuniversityI’dachievedthewrongkindofliteracy.Notbeingabletocodelimityourimpactontheworldfarmorethananignoranceofgreatliterature.

NowIhaveafive-year-olddaughter.Idon’twanthertoblindlyfollowgenderrolesthewayIdid.Iwanthertoknowthefactthatascienceortechnicaldegreewillnotlimithercreativitybutexpanditandbroadenherhorizonsfarmorethanmyartsbackgroundcould.I’mexposinghertoMinecraftandapps,whichhelpimproveanalyticalthinki

ngandproblemsolvingskills.I’mhopingthatmydaughterwilldiscoverandacceptherpotentialsinscienceandwanttochangetheworld.

24.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“genderstereotype”inParagraph2referto?

A.Personallearningstyle.B.Sexcharacteristic.

C.Conventionalsexconcept.D.Professiondifference.

25.Accordingtotheauthor,whichmaybethebenefitoflearningscience?

A.Increasingjobpossibility.B.Winningpopularity.

C.Improvinglanguagecompetence.D.Enrichingimagination.

26.Howdid

theauthorfeelforhermajorchoice?

A.Satisfied.B.Active.C.Discouraged.D.Regretful.

27.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ArtorScience,EitherisOKB.GoodSubjects,GoodFuture

C.Girls,ChooseMoreWiselyD.CatchChances,ChangetheWorld

C

Trees,someofthetallestintheworld,toweredaboveHannahGriffithsandhercolleagueseachmorningastheywalkeddeepintotherainforestintheMaliauBasininBorneo,wheretheyhadsetupasetofexperimentstolookattheecologicaleffectsofsmallcreatures:

termites（白蚁）.

Termitesgetabumrap.TheymakeheadlinesforchewingupbillionsofdollarsofpropertyeachyearintheU.S.Andtheyareresponsibleforsomethingliketwopercentofglobalcarbonemissions,simplyasaresultoftheirhugepopulationsandpreferenceforchewingthroughcarbonrichmaterials.Awholeindustryisaimingatkillingthem.

Buttheyplayakeyroleinmanynaturalecosystems.Scientistshaveknownforyearst

hatintropical（热带的）forests,termiteschewupfallenleavesanddeadwood,keepingthefallenmaterialundercontrolandlettingnutrientsfromthedeadmaterialbackintothesystemtobeusedbyotherplants,insects,andanimals.Buttheydidn’tknowexactlyhowimportanttheinsectswereinkeepingtheforesthealthyandfunctional,sotheyremovedtermitesfromaparticularspotintheforestandsawhowitresponded.

Asluckwouldhaveit,HannahGriffithsandhercolleaguesstartedtheirexperimentwhentheforestwashitbyanextremedrought（干旱）.Duringthenon-droughtyears,theysawtherewasn’tmuchdifferencebetweenthenormalplotsandtheoneswherethey’dremovedthetermites.Butduringthedrought,theeffectsweremarked.Whattheyfoundwasunexpected:

inthetermite-richareas,thesoilstayedslightlywet,moretreeseedlingssprouted（抽芽）,andthesystemwasfullofactivitydespitethelong,harddryclimate.

ForGriffiths,itwasonlybecausetheyhappenedtostudythedroughtthattheycouldpickouttherealimportanceoftermitestothesystem,shepointsout.“Andthatringsalarmbellsinmyhead,”shesays,“becauseitmakesmethink,wellwhatelsedon’tweknow?

Ifwestartdamagingbiologicalcommunities,wedon’tknowwhatthatwilldo.”

28.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“abumrap”underlinedinParagraph2?

A.Unfairblame.B.Widepopularity.C.Publicattention.D.Specialpreference.

29.Whathavescientistslearnedabouttermites?

A.Theydoseriousharmtotropicalrainforests.

B.Theycontributealottotheecosystemtheylivein.

C.Theyactasfoodforotherplants,insectsandanimals.

D.Theyspeedupthelossofnutritionintherainforest.

30.WhatcanweinferfromthefindingofGriffithsexperiment?

A.Termiteshelpforestssurviveclimatechange.

B.Termitespreferdroughtyearstonon-droughtones.

C.Termites

benefitmorefromtheforestduringthedrought.

D.Termitesenjoyeatingtreeseedlingsduringthedrought.

31.WhatdoesGriffiths

tellusinthelastparagraph?

A.Termitesarenowindangerofextinction.

B.Termitesdamagebiologicalcommunities.

C.Weshouldthinktwicebeforedamagingaspecies.

D.Weshouldstudythedroughttoimprovethesystem.

D

“Bigtobacco”iswhatthebossesofseverallargetechnologyfirmshavestartedcallingFacebook.Beingcomparedtothetobaccogiantsisfarfrompraise,butitisnottheonlywide-spreadanalogy（比拟）.AlowerblowisthesuggestionthatFacebookmaybecomelikeYahoo,theoncehigh-flyinginternetfirmthatfell.

Evenayearagotheideawouldhavebeenunthinkable.ButsinceJanuaryFacebookhasbecometrappedinaseriesofmisjudgmentsandmissteps.ItbecameclearthatithaddonetoolittletostopRussianinterference（干涉）inAmerica’selectionin2016.Ithadtoadmitthatithadsharedthepersonaldataof90millionuserswithoutsidefirmswithoutpermission.

ThecomparisontoYahooisimperfect.EvenatitspeakYahoo’sbusinesswasneveraslargeandprofitableasFacebook’s.OneofthemainreasonsYahoodeclinedisbecauseitlostouttoapowerfulcompetitor,Google,inonlinesearch;MarissaMayer,itsbossfrom2012untilitssaletoVerizonlastyear,wasunabletorestoreadvertisers’oremployees’confidenceasusersleft.

ButpeoplewhowatchedYahoo’sfallingseesimilarities.Executive（主管）turnoverwasaleadingindicatorofitsdecline;beforeMs.MayerwashiredYahoowentthroughfourchiefexecutivesinthreeyears.Mr.Zuckerberg,whocontrolsthemajorityofFacebook’svotingshares,isnotleaving,butmanytopexecutivesare.Thisyearseveralhaveannouncedtheirdepartures,includingFacebook’schiefsecurityofficer.

Whenadvertisers’faithinFacebookhasbeenshaken,politiciansinWashingtonarerunningoutofpatiencewiththecompany.Lawmakers’inspectionofthefirmiscausingittobemorecautiousabouthowit

usesdatafortargetingadvertisementsandaboutwhatinformationitmakesavailabletooutsiders.

Mr.ZuckerbergandMs.Sandbergareunderpressuretoprovet