physiology mcqs.docx

physiology mcqs.docx

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physiologymcqs

1.Cellmembranes

A.containrelativelyfewproteinmolecules

B.areimpermeabletofat-solublesubstances

C.insometissuespermitthetransportofglucoseatagreaterrateinthepresenceofinsulin

D.arefreelypermeabletoelectrolytesbutnottoproteins

E.haveastablecompositionthroughoutthelifeofthecell

2.Theprimaryforcemovingwatermoleculesfromthebloodplasmatotheinterstitialfluidis

A.activetransport

B.cotransportwithH+

C.facilitateddiffusion

D.cotransportwithNa+

E.filtration

3.Secondmessengers

A.aresubstancesthatinteractwithfirstmessengersoutsidecells

B.aresubstancesthatbindtofirstmessengersinthecellmembrane

C.arehormonessecretedbycellsinresponsetostimulationbyanotherhormone

D.mediatetheintracellularresponsestomanydifferenthormonesandneurotransmitters

E.arenotformedinthebrain

4.Therestingmembranepotentialofacell

A.fallstozeroimmediatelywhenNa+-K+ATPaseinthemembraneisinhibited

B.isusuallyequaltotheequilibriumpotentialforCl-

C.isusuallyequaltotheequilibriumpotentialforK+

D.isusuallyequaltotheequilibriumpotentialforNa+

E.ismarkedlyalterediftheextracellularNa+concentrationisincreased

5.Proteinsthataresecretedbycellsare

A.notsynthesizedonmembraneboundribosomes

B.initiallysynthesizedwithasignalpeptideorleadersequenceattheirCterminal

C.foundinvesiclesandsecretorygranules

D.movedacrossthecellmembranesbyendocytosis

E.secretedinaformthatislargerthantheformpresentintheendoplasmicreticulum

6.Osmosisis

A.movementofsolventacrossasemipermeablemembranefromanareawherethehydrostaticpressureishightoanareawherethehydrostaticpressureislow

B.movementofsoluteacrossasemipermeablemembranefromanareainwhichitisinlowconcentrationtoanareainwhichitisinhighconcentration

C.movementofasoluteacrossasemipermeablemembranefromanareainwhichitisinhighconcentrationtoanareainwhichitisinlowconcentration

D.movementofsolventacrossasemipermeablemembranefromanareainwhichitisinlowconcentrationtoanareainwhichitisinhighconcentration

E.movementofsolventacrossasemipermeablemembranefromanareainwhichitisinhighconcentrationtoanareainwhichitisinlowconcentration

7.Deuteriumoxideandinsulinareinjectedintoanormal30-year-oldman.Thevolumeofdistributionofdeuteriumoxideisfoundtobe42Landthatofinsulin14L.

A.Theman’sintracellularfluidvolumeisabout14L

B.Theman’sintracellularfluidvolumeisabout28L

C.Theman’splasmavolumeisabout7L

D.Theman’sinterstitialfluidvolumeisabout9L

E.Theman’stotalbodywatercannotbedeterminedfromthesedata

8.Whichofthefollowingdiseasesisduetoamutationinthemitochondrialgenome?

A.Cysticfibrosis

B.Leber’shereditaryopticneuropathy

C.Nephrogenicdiabetesinsipidus

D.Familialmaleprecociouspuberty

E.Hirschsprung’sdisease

9.Whichofthefollowingreceptorsdoesnotspanthecellmembrane7times?

A.β-Adrenergicreceptor

B.Rhodopsin

C.5-HTICreceptor

D.Mineralocorticoidreceptor

E.LHreceptor

10.Whichofthefollowingactsdirectlyonthenucleustoproducephysiologiceffects?

A.IL-1β

B.Growthhormone

C.Cortisol

D.Dopamine

E.Estradiol

1.Theactionpotentialofaneuron

A.isinitiatedbyeffluxofNa+

B.isterminatedbyeffluxofK+

C.declinesinamplitudeasitmovesalongtheaxon

D.resultsinatransientreversaloftheconcentrationgradientofNa+acrossthecellmembrane

E.isnotassociatedwithanynetmovementofNa+orK+acrossthecellmembrane

2.Whichofthefollowinghastheslowestconductionvelocity?

A.Aαfibers

B.Aβfibers

C.Aγfibers

D.Bfibers

E.Cfibers

3.Amanfallsintoadeepsleepwithonearmunderhishead.Thisarmisparalyzedwhenheawakens,butittingles,andpainsensationinitisstillintact.Thereasonforthelossofmotorfunctionwithoutlossofpainisthatinthenervestohisarm,

A.AfibersaremoresusceptibletohypoxiathanBfibers

B.AfibersaremoresensitivetopressurethanCfibers

C.CfibersaremoresensitivetopressurethanAfibers

D.sensorynervesarenearerthebonethanmotornervesandhencearelessaffectedbycooling

E.sensorynervesarenearerthebonethanmotornervesandhencearelessaffectedbypressure

4.WhichpartofaneuronhasthehighestconcentrationofNa+channelspersquaremillimeterofcellmembrane?

A.Dendrites

B.Cellbodyneardendrites

C.Initialsegment

D.Axonalmembraneundermyelin

E.Noneoftheabove

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutnervegrowthfactorisnottrue?

A.Itismadeupofthreepolypeptidesubunits

B.Itisfoundinhighconcentrationinthesubmandibularsalivaryglandsoffemalemice

C.Itisnecessaryforthegrowthanddevelopmentofthesympatheticnervoussystem

D.Itispickedupbynervesfromtheorganstheyinnervate

E.Itispresentinthebrain

6.Theactionpotentialofskeletalmuscle

A.hasaprolongedplateauphase

B.spreadsinwardtoallpartsofthemuscleviatheTtubules

C.causestheimmediateuptakeofCa2+intothelateralsacsofthesarcoplasmicreticulum

D.islongerthantheactionpotentialofcardiacmuscle

E.isnotessentialforcontraction

7.Thefunctionsoftropomyosininskeletalmuscleinclude

A.slidingonactintoproduceshortening

B.releasingCa2+afterinitiationofcontraction

C.bindingtomyosinduringcontraction

D.actingasa"relaxingprotein"atrestbycoveringupthesitewheremyosinbindstoactin

E.generatingATP,whichitpassestothecontractilemechanism

8.Thecross-bridgesofthesarcomereinskeletalmusclearemadeupof

A.actin

B.myosin

C.troponin

D.tropomyosin

E.myelin

9.Thecontractileresponseinskeletalmuscle

A.startsaftertheactionpotentialisover

B.doesnotlastaslongastheactionpotential

C.producesmoretensionwhenthemusclecontractsisometricallythanwhenthemusclecontactsisotonically

D.producesmoreworkwhenthemusclecontractsisometricallythanwhenthemusclecontactsisotonically

E.decreasesinmagnitudewithrepeatedstimulation

10.Gapjunctions

A.areabsentincardiacmuscle

B.arepresentbutoflittlefunctionalimportanceincardiacmuscle

C.arepresentandprovidethepathwayforrapidspreadofexcitationfromonecardiacmusclefibertoanother

D.areabsentinsmoothmuscle

E.connectthesarcotubularsystemtoindividualskeletalmusclecells

11.Whichofthefollowingisnotsynthesizedinpostganglionicsympatheticneurons?

A.L-Dopa

B.Dopamine

C.Norepinephrine

D.Histamine

E.Acetylcholine

12.Fastinhibitorypostsynapticpotentials（IPSPs）

A.areaconsequenceofpresynapticinhibition

B.interactwithotherfastandslowpotentialstomovethemembranepotentialofthepostsynapticneurontowardorawayfromthefiringlevel

C.canbeproducedbyanincreaseinNa+conductance

D.canbeproducedbyanincreaseinCa2+conductance

E.occurinskeletalmuscle

13.Initiationofanactionpotentialinskeletalmusclebystimulatingitsmotornerve

A.requiresspatialfacilitation

B.requirestemporalfacilitation

C.isinhibitedbyahighconcentrationofCa2+attheneuromuscularjunction

D.requiresthereleaseofnorepinephrine

E.requiresthereleaseofacetylcholine

14.Whichofthefollowingisaligand-gatedionchannel?

A.VIPreceptor

B.Norepinephrinereceptor

C.GABAAreceptor

D.GABABreceptor

E.Metabotropicglutaminereceptor

15.WhichofthefollowingismostlikelynottobeinvolvedinproductionofLTP?

A.NO

B.Ca2+

C.NMDAreceptors

D.Membranehyperpolarization

E.Membranedepolarization

16.Whichofthefollowingsynaptictransmittersisnotapeptide,polypeptide,orprotein?

A.SubstanceP

B.Met-enkephalin

C.β-Endorphin

D.Serotonin

E.Dynorphin

17.Activationofwhichofthefollowingreceptorswouldbeexpectedtodecreaseanxiety?

A.Nicotiniccholinergicreceptors

B.Glutamatereceptors

C.GABAAreceptors

D.Glucocorticoidreceptors

E.α1-Adrenergicreceptors

18.WhichofthefollowingreceptorsiscoupledtoaheterotrimericGprotein?

A.Glycinereceptor

B.GABABreceptor

C.Nicotinicacetylcholinereceptoratmyoneuraljunction

D.5-HT3receptor

E.ANPreceptor

19.Whichofthefollowingwouldnotbeexpectedtoenhancenoradrenergictransmission?

A.Adrugthatincreasestheentryofarginineintoneurons

B.Adrugthatenhancestyrosinehydroxylaseactivity

C.Adrugthatenhancesdopamineβ-hydroxylaseactivity

D.Adrugthatinhibitsmonoamineoxidase

E.Adrugthatinhibitsnorepinephrinereuptake

1.Whichofthefollowingisnotprimarilyafunctionofbloodplasma?

A.Transportofhormones

B.Maintenanceofredcellsize

C.Transportofchylomicrons

D.Transportofantibodies

E.TransportofO2

2.　Ahematocritof41%meansthatinthesampleofbloodanalyzed

A.41%ofthehemoglobinisintheplasma

B.4l%ofthetotalbloodvolumeismadeupofbloodplasma

C.4l%ofthetotalbloodvolumeismadeupofredandwhitebloodcellsandplatelets

D.4l%ofthehemoglobinisinredbloodcells

E.4l%oftheformedelementsinbloodareredbloodcells

3.　Innormalhumanblood

A.theeosinophilisthemostcommontypeofwhitebloodcell

B.therearemorelymphocytesthanneutrophils

C.theironismostlyinhemog1obin

D.therearemorewhitecellsthanredcells

E.therearemoreplateletsthanredcells

4.　Lymphocytes

A.alloriginatefromthebonemarrowafterbirth

B.areunaffectedbyhormones

C.converttomonocytesinresponsetoantigens

D.interactwitheosinophilsto