复习必备版高考英语大二轮复习 第六部分 考前回顾 附录1 五年高考阅读理解障碍词汇熟词生义.docx
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复习必备版高考英语大二轮复习第六部分考前回顾附录1五年高考阅读理解障碍词汇熟词生义
第六部分 考前回顾
附录1 五年高考阅读理解障碍词汇(熟词生义)
《新课程标准》和《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试说明》中的词汇表是命题人的主要依据,而这个词汇表只提供了英语单词或短语的拼写形式,未有词性和词义。
这就给命题人提供了广阔的活动空间,给他们减少了很多限制,但却给考生增加了数倍的难度,因为英语中的一词多义现象是非常普遍的。
完形填空和阅读理解等题型中熟词生义现象很多。
为了能使我们广大考生顺利通过考试,我们根据《新课程标准》和《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试说明》的词汇表所列词汇,按照字母顺序逐一解析高考中屡屡遇到的,使学生感到极为棘手的熟词生义。
A组
1.about(熟义:
prep.关于)
Wespentthewholeafternoonwalkingabouttown.prep.&adv.到处=(美)around
2.absent(熟义:
adj.缺席的)
Helookedatmeinanabsentway. adj.茫然的,恍惚的
3.abuse(熟义:
v.滥用;谩骂)
Sheisquiteasuccessfulcareerwoman,butactuallyshe’smuchabusedathome. v.虐待
4.accept(熟义:
vt.接受)
Tomacceptedherexplanation. v.同意(接受别人的观点,看法)
Iacceptthattheaircrafthasnochoicebuttocrashintothesea. v.认可,领受,认为
5.accommodate(熟义:
vt.住宿,留宿)
Thishotelcanaccommodatemorethan500guests.
vt.容纳
HeaccommodatedmewhenIaskedhimforhelp. v.准予,提供
6.ache(熟义:
v./n.疼痛)
Hewasachingforhome.v.渴望
7.act(熟义:
vi.行动)
Ittakesacoupleofminutesforthedrugtoact. vi.起作用
8.acknowledge(熟义:
vt.承认;道谢)
Heacknowledgedmebyliftinghishat. vt.对……打招呼
9.across(熟义:
prep.越过)
Thetworoadscutacrosseachother. prep.与……交叉,与……成十字
10.advance(熟义:
v./n.前进,推进)
Sheaskedmeforanadvanceonhersalary. n.预付(款)
Sharepricesshowedsignificantadvancestoday. n.增加
11.add(熟义:
v.加)
“Theydon’tknow.”headded. vt.接着说,又说;补充说
12.address(熟义:
n.地址 v.写地址)
Thepresidentshouldbeaddressedas“Mr.President.”
v.称呼
Sheturnedtoaddressthemanonherleft. vt.直接向……说
Itissaidthatourheadmasterwilladdressthemeeting.
vt.向……发表演说
13.admit(熟义:
v.承认)
Theservantopenedthedoorandadmittedme(intothehouse). vt.允许进入
Thetheatreonlyadmits1,000persons. vt.容纳
14.against(熟义:
prep.反对,违背)
Thepicturelooksgoodagainstthewhitewall.
prep.衬着,迎着,靠着
15.age(熟义:
n.年龄)
Worryagedhimrapidly. v.使变老
16.agreewith(熟义:
同意)
YourstoryagreeswithwhatIheard.与……一致
Longplanetripsdon’tagreewithme.协调,适合
17.air(熟义:
n.空气)
Don’tairyourtroublestoooften. v.抒发;倾诉;传播
Therewasacomfortableairaboutherroom. n.气氛
18.alive(熟义:
adj.活着的)
Thestreetsarealivewithpeople. adj.充满(活的或动的东西)
19.alone(熟义:
adv.单独地,一个人地)
Shealonewasabletoanswerthequestion. adv.仅仅,只有
20.amount(熟义:
n.量)
Thecostamountedto$2000. v.达到,共计
Whatyouhavesaidamountstoarefusal. v.相当于
21.announce(熟义:
v.宣布)
Warmsunshineannouncesthecomingofspring. vt.显示,预告
22.appreciate(熟义:
v.欣赏;感激,感谢)
IappreciatethatImaybewrong. v.意识到=realize
23.arrival(熟义:
n.到达)
Allstooduptowelcomethenewarrival. n.到达的人或事物
24.atall(熟义:
常与not连用,构成notatall,表示“不用谢,一点也不”)
ThisisthefirsttimethatIhaveeverbeenabroadatall.真的,确实
25.arm(熟义:
n.手臂)
Laydownyourarmsorwe’llfire!
n.武器
26.attend(熟义:
v.出席)
Thenurseattendedtohimdayandnight. v.看护;治疗
27.arrange(熟义:
v.安排;整理)
I’vearrangedwiththeneighboursaboutfillingthemanager’sjob. v.商量
28.arrest(熟义:
vt.逮捕)
Thenewmedicinearrestedthespreadofthedisease. vt.停止,阻止
29.assume(熟义:
v.假定,以为)
Hewillassumethedirectorshipoftheproject. vt.担任
30.absolute(熟义:
adj.完全的,绝对的)
Thepolicehaveabsoluteproofthathewasthemurderer. adj.确切的
31.accompany(熟义:
vt.陪伴,伴奏)
Strongwindsaccompaniedtheheavyrain. v.伴随
32.accountfor(熟义:
解释,说明;占……比例)
Hisillnessaccountsforhisabsence.是……的原因
33.aggressive(熟义:
adj.好斗的,侵略的)
Ifhewantstosucceed,hehastobeaggressive. adj.进取的
34.alike(熟义:
adj.相似的)
Teachersshouldcareforallthepupilsalike. adv.同样地
35.allergic(熟义:
adj.过敏的)
Iamallergictothosewhocouldnotgivehelp. adj.对……十分厌恶
36.allow(熟义:
v.允许)
Thisdietallowsyouoneglassofwineaday. vt.使可能
37.ample(熟义:
adj.足够的,丰裕的)
Thatyoustayabroadwillgiveyouamplechancestolearnanewlanguage. adj.广泛的
38.aspect(熟义:
n.方面)
amanwithanimpressiveaspect n.面貌,外表
39.available(熟义:
adj.可得到的,可找到的)
Theworthyprofessorisnowavailable. adj.(人)有空的
40.advise(熟义:
v.建议)
Pleaseadviseusofthearrivalofthegoods. vt.通知
B组
41.balance(熟义:
n./v.平衡)
Imustcheckmybankbalance. n.差额,余款
Theschoolaimstobalancetheamountoftimespentonartsandsciencesubjects. v.权衡
42.back(熟义:
n.背)
Manyofhisfriendsbackedhisplan. vt.支持
43.badly(熟义:
adv.坏)
Theboybadlywantsanewbike. adv.迫切
44.bar(熟义:
n.棒,条,酒吧间)
Poorhealthmaybeabartosuccessinlife. n.障碍
45.become(熟义:
v.变得,变成)
Hernewhatcertainlybecomesher. vt.适于,适合
46.before(熟义:
prep.以前)
ItwasalongtimebeforeIgottosleepagain. conj.才;就
47.behaviour(熟义:
n.举止,行为)
Thebehaviourofthiscomputerismoderatelygood.
n.性能,特点
48.blank(熟义:
adj.空白的 n.空白)
Thestrangerreturnedmygreetingwithablanklook. adj.没表情的,空虚的,没兴趣的
49.blue[熟义:
n./adj.蓝色(的)]
Hissongsalwaysmakemefeelblue. adj.忧伤的
50.beside(熟义:
prep.在……旁边)
Besideyourearlierwork,thispieceseemsratherdisappointing. prep.与……相比
51.build(熟义:
v.建设)
Theathletehasasolidbuild. n.身材,体形
52.bare(熟义:
adj.裸露的)
Helikestobarehisheart/soulwithhisclosefriends. vt.向某人袒露心声
53.bear(熟义:
vt.忍受,容忍)
Hewasbadlywoundedinthewarandstillbearsthescars. v.显示,带有
54.bitter(熟义:
adj.苦的,痛苦的)
WhywasshesobitteragainstMr.Smith?
adv.强烈反对……
55.blanket(熟义:
n.毯子)
Thewholevillagewasblanketedwithheavysnow.
vt.覆盖
56.breakdown[熟义:
(机器等)坏了]
Allourplansbrokedown.(计划)失败,坚持不下去
57.bring(熟义:
vt.带来)
Thecriesbroughttheneighboursrunning. v.引起
58.buildup(熟义:
建立;增强……体质)
Thenoiseisbuildingupuntilshecouldnotstandit.增高,加强
59.burst(熟义:
v.使爆炸,破裂)
Thestormburstandweallgotwet. v.突然爆发
60.bond(熟义:
v.使牢固结合)
Motherswhoaredepressedsometimesfailtobondwiththeirchildren. v.建立互信关系
61.burning(熟义:
adj.炽热的)
Sheisburningtotellyouthenews. adj.感情等强烈的
C组
62.can(熟义:
aux.能)
Mothercansfruit. vt.做成罐头
63.capital(熟义:
n.首都,首府;资本)
Ourcapitaltaskatthemomentistopersuadehertocalmdown. adj.根本的
64.cause(熟义:
n.起因;v.引起)
Wearestrugglingforrevolutionarycause. n.事业
65.celebrate(熟义:
v.庆祝)
Hecelebratedherforhercourage. vt.称颂,赞扬
66.chance(熟义:
n.机会)
ThereisachancethatIwillseehim. n.可能性
Wechancedtobeoutwhenshecalled. v.碰巧
67.check(熟义:
vt.检查)
Weshouldcheckthespreadofthedisease. vt.阻止,制止
68.choice(熟义:
n.选择)
Someofhisremarksarereallychoice. adj.斟酌得当的
69.civil(熟义:
adj.公民的;国内的)
Heisacivilperson. adj.有礼貌的,彬彬有礼的
70.class(熟义:
n.班级)
Thereisnodoubtthattheprofessionalclassesdoamuchbetterjobthanthosewhoarenot. n.阶级,阶层,等级
71.climate(熟义:
n.气候)
Theculturalclimatehereissomehowalittleupsetting.
n.风气;思潮;倾向
72.cloudy(熟义:
adj.阴天的,多云的)
Whodiditstillremainscloudy. adj.不明朗的,不清晰的
73.coach(熟义:
n.教练)
ShecoachedmeinEnglish. v.辅导,指导
mand(熟义:
v.命令,指挥)
Hisbraverycommandedourrespect. v.博得,赢得
75.contain(熟义:
v.含有,包含)
Themanwaslatercontainedbythepolice. v.制服
Heistooexcitedtocontainhislaughter. vt.抑制
76.count(熟义:
n./v.计算,数)
Thereare10peopleintheclassroomcountingtwoteachers.
v.包括
Itisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts. v.重要,有价值
Shewascountedamongthegreatestdancers. v.视为,以为
77.couple(熟义:
n.一对,一双;一对夫妇或情侣)
Thediningcarwascoupledontothelastcoach.
v.连接,联合
eback(熟义:
回来)
Doyouthinklongdresseswillevercomeback?
重新流行
Hecamebackatherwithanastyremark.顶嘴
It’ssuddenlytocomebackwhereIsawyoulast.回想起来
ein(熟义:
进来)
Thisstyleiscertaintocomeinthisyear.开始流行
IftheWorkers’Partycomesinatthenextelectionalotofindustrywillbestate-owned.上台执政
Hereistheplanofattack,andthisiswhereyoucomein.承担(任务)
eon(熟义:
快过来)
Howhashecomeonatschoolthisyear?
进行,进展
Therainhasjustcomeon.开始(下雨)
Thenextexamcomesoninearlysummer.进行(或运转)
eout(熟义:
出来)
Everythingwillcomeoutallright.结果(如何)
panyn.(熟义:
n.公司)
Youmayknowamanbythecompanyhekeeps. n.伙伴,朋友(均为不可数)
83.concert(熟义:
n.音乐会)
Theteammadeaconcertedefforttowinthegame.
adj.协调的
84.cost(熟义:
vt.花费;值……)
Thepatient’sdangerousconditioncostthedoctorsandnursesmanyasleeplessnight. vt.使付出努力
85.cover[熟义:
v.走完(一段路);看完(多少页书);涉及;报导;覆盖]
Hereis£5;thatshouldcoverallyourexpenses.
v.够付(费用)
86.course(熟义:
n.课程;过程)
Themaincoursewasavegetablestew. n.一道菜
87.cross(熟义:
v.跨越,横穿;n.十字)
Don’tbecrosswithhim—afterall,hemeanttohelp. adj.生气的
88.cut(熟义:
v.砍;割;切)
Hisruderemarkscutme. vt.伤感情
89.case(熟义:
n.情况,状况)
Therearethreecasesoffeverinschool. n.病例,案例
90.casual(熟义:
adj.偶然的,随意的)
Hewasemployedasacasuallabourer. adj.临时的
91.cater(熟义:
v.为社交活动提供饮食;承办酒席)
TVmustcaterformanydifferenttastes. v.满足需要,迎合
92.caution(熟义:
n.谨慎)
Theteachercautionedhimagainstbeinglate. v.告诫,提醒
93.choke(熟义:
v.窒息,哽咽)
Imanagedtochokebackmytears. v.强忍住,抑制,克制
94.charge(熟义:
v.索价,收费;指控,控告)
MotherchargedAlicewithtakinggoodcareofthebaby.
v.赋予……责任或义务
95.challenge(熟义:
n.挑战)
Ichallengedhimtoagameofchess. v.向……挑战;要求决斗
96.clean(熟义:
adj.干净的)
Icleanforgotaboutit. adv.彻底地,完全地
97.conduct(熟义:
v.组织;实施;指挥)
Heconductedhimselffarbetterthanexpected.
v.举止,表现
98.congratulate(熟义:
v.祝贺)
Icongratulatedmyselfonmyescape. v.为成功感到高兴或自豪
99.consume(熟义:
vt.消耗,消费)
Thefiresoonconsumedtheoldwoodenbuildingsintheneighbourhood. v.烧毁,毁灭
D组
100.damage(熟义:
v./n.损坏)
Heclaimed$7000damagesfromthetaxicompany. n.赔偿金
101.dash(熟义:
v.猛冲)
Beingbadlyill,hewasdashedtohospital. v.急送
Hismotherdashedhimintogoingtoschooleveryday.
v.催促
102.dawn(熟义:
n.拂晓 v.破晓,天亮)
Thetruthbegantodawnonhim. vt.开始明白
103.desert(熟义:
n.沙漠)
Hedesertedhiswifeandchildrenandwentabroad. v.抛弃,离弃
Weshelteredfromthestorminadesertedhut.
adj.荒凉的,无人居住的
104.develop(熟义:
v.发展;开发;研制)
Didyouhavethefilmdeveloped?
v.冲印,冲洗
Hedevelopedacough. vt.得病,出现问题
developahabit v.逐渐形成
105.difficult(熟义:
adj.困难的)
Youmustgetthepermissionofyourdifficultmotherbeforegettingmarried. adj.难以取悦的,不易满足的
106.dealwith(熟义:
处理;对付)
DoyoudealwithSmith,thebutcher?
与……做生意;与……来往
107.dismiss(熟义:
v.解雇,开除)
Hejustlaughedanddismis