版高三英语一轮复习五年真题分类2阅读理解7选5题及答案.docx

版高三英语一轮复习五年真题分类2阅读理解7选5题及答案.docx

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版高三英语一轮复习五年真题分类2阅读理解7选5题及答案

2012——2016年阅读理解7选5

Passage12016全国卷Ⅰ，10分词数：

298

Secretcodes（密码）keepmessagesprivate.Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.

Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.1Codebreakingneverlags（落后）farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.

Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.2Forexample,thefirstlettersof"Myelephanteatstoomanyeels"spelloutthehiddenmessage"Meetme."

3Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample.Let'snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage"Meetme"wouldread"135520135."

Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.4Forexample,"bridge"mightstandfor"meet"and"out"mightstandfor"me."Themessage"Bridgeout"wouldactuallymean"Meetme."5However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.

A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.

B.Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.

C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.

D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.

E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.

F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.

G.Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.

Passage22016全国卷Ⅱ，10分词数：

320

Agardenthat'sjustrightforyou

Haveyouevervisitedagardenthatseemedjustrightforyou,wheretheatmosphereofthegardenappearedtototalmorethanthesum（总和）ofitsparts?

1.Butitdoesn'thappenbyaccident.Itstartswithlookinginsideyourselfandunderstandingwhoyouarewithrespecttothenaturalworldandhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.

●2

Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers（肥料）.3.However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.

●Recall（回忆）yourchildhoodmemories

Ourmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.Grandma'srosegardenandDad'svegetablegardenmightbegoodorbad,butthat'snotwhat'simportant.4—howbeinginthosegardensmadeusfeel.Ifyou'dliketobuildapowerfulbondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsometimetorecallthegardensofyouryouth.5.Thengooutsideandworkoutaplantotranslateyourchildhoodmemoriesintoyourgrown-upgarden.Havefun.

A.Knowwhyyougarden

B.Findagoodplaceforyourowngarden

C.It'sourexperienceofthegardenthatmatters

D.It'sdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowers

E.Stillothersmaysimplyenjoybeingoutdoorsandclosetoplants

F.Youcanproducethatkindofmagicalqualityinyourowngarden,too

G.Foreachofthosegardens,writedownthestrongestmemoryyouhave

Passage32016全国卷Ⅲ，10分词数：

269

Everyoneknowsthatfishisgoodforhealth.1Butitseemsthatmanypeopledon'tcookfishathome.Americanseatonlyaboutfifteenpoundsoffishperpersonperyear,butweeattwiceasmuchfishinrestaurantsasathome.Buying,storing,andcookingfishisn'tdifficult.2Thistextisabouthowtobuyandcookfishinaneasyway.

3Freshfishshouldsmellsweet:

youshouldfeelthatyou'restandingattheocean'sedge.Anyfishyorstrongsmellmeansthefishisn'tfresh.4Whenyouhaveboughtafishandarrivehome,you'dbetterstorethefishintherefrigeratorifyoudon'tcookitimmediately,butfreshfishshouldbestoredinyourfridgeforonlyadayortwo.Frozenfishisn'tastastyasthefreshone.

Therearemanycommonmethodsusedtocookfish.5First,cleanitandseasonitwithyourchoiceofspices（调料）.Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampotfor8to10minutesifitweighsaboutonepound.（Alargeronewilltakemoretime.）Then,it'sreadytoserve.

A.Donotbuyit.

B.Theeasiestistosteamit.

C.Thisishowyoucandoit.

D.Itjustrequiresalittleknowledge.

E.Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.

F.Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.

G.Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.

Passage42016北京，10分词数：

360

TheScienceofRisk-Seeking

Sometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtaking.1Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.Why?

Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork.

Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksatallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risk-takerswerebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring.2Asthequalityofrisk-takingwaspassedfromonegenerationtothenext,humansendedupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.

Sowhyaren'twealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?

Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisk-takingcouldgetonekilled.Afewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstay-in-the-cavetypes.Asaresult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.Somaybeyoulovecarracing,ormaybeyouhateit.3

Nomatterwhereyouareontherisk-seekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.4Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.

5Fortherisk-seekers,apartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.

Asexpertscontinuetostudythescienceofrisk-seeking,we'llcontinuetohitthemountains,thewavesortheshallowendofthepool.

A.Italldependsonyourcharacter.

B.Thosearetherisksyoushouldjumptotake.

C.Beingbetteratthosethingsmeantagreaterchanceofsurvival.

D.Thus,thesewell-equippedpeoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittest.

E.Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld.

F.However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards.

G.Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation.

Passage52016四川，10分词数：

278

Bothmenandwomenarelivinglongerthesedaysinindustrializedcountries.1Ingeneral,theycanexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen.Onereasonforthisisbiological.

Oneimportantbiologicalfactorthathelpswomenlivelongeristhedifferenceinhormonesbetweenmenandwomen.2Betweentheagesofabout12and50,womenproducehormonesthatareinvolvedinfertility（生育能力）.Thesehormonesalsohaveapositiveeffectontheheartandthebloodflow.Infact,womenarelesslikelytohavehighbloodpressureortodiefromheartattacks.

3Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.Thismeansthatwomengenerallygetsicklessoftenandlessseriouslythanmen.Thecommoncoldisagoodexample:

women,onaverage,getfewercoldsthanmen.

4Scientistsarestillnotexactlysurehowgenesinfluenceaging,buttheybelievethattheydo.Somethinkthatawoman'sbodycellshaveatendency（倾向）toagemoreslowlythanaman's.Othersthinkthataman'sbodycellshaveatendencytoagemorequickly.5

A.However,women,onaverage,livelonger.

B.Thebiologicalfactorplaysanimportantpart.

C.Womenarealsohelpedbytheirfemalegenes.

D.Thefemalehormonesalsoprotectthebodyinanotherway.

E.Recentresearchseemstosupportbothofthesepossibilities.

F.Therefore,womenaremorehealthythanmenandcanliveabetterlife.

G.Hormonesarechemicalswhichareproducedbythebodytocontrolvariousbodyfunctions.

Passage62015新课标全国Ⅰ，10分词数:

330

BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgain

Trustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.1Trustisarisk.Butyoucan'tbesuccessfulwhenthere'salackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.Unfortunately,we'veallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.Whetherwe'vebeenstolenfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimespeoplesimplycan'ttrustanymore.2It'sunderstandable,butifyou'rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere.

●3Havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.

●4Ifyou'vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Butthere'sadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha"victimmentality".Atsomepointinallofourlives,we'llhaveourtrusttestedorviolated.

●Youdidn'tlose"everything".Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?

Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.5Instead,it'sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.

A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.

B.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.

C.Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.

D.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.

E.They'vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan'tbeartoletithappenagain.

F.Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.

G.Seeingthepositivesideofthi