职称英语理工A试题+答案.docx
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职称英语理工A试题+答案
一、词汇选项
1.Onlypeopleover18areeligibletovote.(D)
A.honestB.qualified C.enabled D.clever
2.Thelatestcarmodelembodiesembodiesthenewresearchdevelopment.
A.lists B.IncludesC.borrows D.broadens
3.Thecoastalareahasvery mild winter,butthecentralplainsremainextremelycold.
A.severe B.hard C.warm D.dry
4.sheisanartistwhoseworkwillundoubtedlywithstandthetestoftime.
A.gradeB.attractC.bearD.suffer
5.Heworeashabbythinovercoatinthecoldwintersothathefellill.
A.oldB.bigC.newD.small
6.Theweatherwassogorgeousthatmanypeoplewentouting.
A.uncontrollableB.pleasantC.cloudyD.unbearable
7.Competitorsmustabidebythejudge’sdecision.
A.keepB.readC.understandD.obey
8.Theumbrellawasingeniouslydevisedtofoldupintothepocket.
A.seriouslyB.cleverlyC.attentivelyD.carefully
9.Somenewspapersinthewestarenotablybiased.
A.especiallyB.whollyC.totallyD.fairly
10.Hisanswerswereobscureandconfusing.
A.unclearB.obviousC.clearD.direct
11.Thewayshelookedafterheryoungsisterwasreallytouching.
A.disturbingB.connectingC.movingD.waving
12.Weareworriedaboutthis fluid situationfullwithuncertainty.
A.StableB.suitableC.ChangeableD.adaptable
13.Theyhavetobuildcanalsto irrigatethe desert.
A.decorateB.changeC.visitD.Water
14.Thedetailsofthecostumeweretotally authentic.
A.outstandingB.realC.creativeD.false
15.Thenew garment fitsherperfectly.
A.ClothesB.haircutC.PurseD.necklace
三、概括大意与完成句子
Geothermal(地热)Energy
1Sinceheatnaturallymovesfromhotterregionstocoolerones,theheatfromtheearth'scenterflowsoutwardstowardsthesurface.Inthisway,ittransferstothenextlayerofrock.Ifthetemperatureishighenough,someofthisrockmeltsandformsmagma(岩浆).Themagmaascendsinitsturntowardstheearth'ssurface.Itoftenremainswellbelowtheearth'ssurface,creatingvastareasofhotrock.Insuchregions,therearedeepcracks,whichallowrainwatertodescendunderground.Someoftheheatedrainwatertravelsbackuptotheearth'ssurfacewhereitwillappearasahotspring.However,ifthisascendinghotwaterreachesalayerofimpermeable(不可渗透的)rock,itremainstrapped,formingageothermalreservoir.Ifgeothermalreservoirsarecloseenoughtothesurface,theycanbereachedbydrillingwells.Hotwaterandsteamshootupthewellsnaturally,andcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityingeothermalpowerplants.
2.Afewgeothermalpowerplantsdependondry-stemreservoirswhichproducesteambutlittleornowater.Inthesecases,thesteamispipedupdirectlytoprovidethepowertospinaturbinegenerator.Thefirstgeothermalpowerplant,constructedatLardarelloinItaly,wasofthistype,andisstillproducingelectricitytoday.
3.Mostcurrentlyoperatinggeothermalpowerplantsareeither"flash"steamplantsorbinary(双重的)plants.Flashplantsproducemainlyhotwaterrangingintemperaturefrom300°to700°Fahrenheit.Thiswaterispassedthroughoneortwoseparatorswherereleasedfromthepressureoftheundergroundreservoir,it"flashes"orboilsintosteamAgain,theforceofthissteamprovidestheenergytospintheturbineandproduceelectricity.Thegeothermalwaterandsteamarethenreinjecteddirectlybackdownintotheearthtomaintainthevolumeandpressureofthereservoir.Graduallytheywillbereheatedandcanthenbeusedagain.
4.Areservoirwithtemperaturesbelow300°Fahrenheitisnothotenoughtoflashsteambutitcanstillbeusedtogenerateelectricityinbinaryfluid.Thesteamfromthisisusedtopowertheturbines.Asintheflashsteamplant,thegeothermalwaterisrecycledbackintothereservoir.
23.【题干】Paragraph1__C___
24【题干】Paragraph2___A__
25【题干】Paragraph3___E__
26【题干】Paragraph4__F___
A.Drysteamplants
B.Binaryplants
C.Originofgeothermalenergy
D.Generationofelectricity
E.Flashsteamplants
F.Recyclablewaterandsteam
27.【题干】Ageothermalreservoirisformedwhenhotwateristrappedunder__B__.
28.【题干】Adry-steamreservoirproducessteamwith__E__.
29.【题干】Flashplantsproducehotwaterthrough__C__.
30.【题干】Inabinaryplant,theheatofthegeothermalwatercanbeconvertedinto__A__.
A.theenergytoturnaturbine
B.impermeablerock
C.oneortwoseparators
D.turbineoperator
E.littleornowater
F.hotsprings
4、阅读理解
第一篇SportsStarYaoMing
IfYaoMingisnotthebiggestsportsstarintheworld,heisalmostcertainlythetallest.At2.26m,heisthetallestplayerintheNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)andholdstherecordasthemosttoweringOlympianevertocompeteintheGames.
Butwhatreallystandsoutaboutthegiantcenterishiscelebrity(名气).Few,ifany,Chineseathletesareaswell-knownasYaoaroundtheworld.PeopleacrosstheglobearefascinatedwithYao,notonlyforhisbasketballprowess(杰出的才能)alsoforbeingasymbolofinternationalcommerce.
WhenYaojoinedtheHoustonRocketsastheNo.1pickinthe2002NBAdraft(选抜),hewasthefirstinternationalplayerevertobeselectedfirst.Hisassetsonthecourtareclearenough—noNBAplayerofhissizehaseverpossessedhismobility,soheisahandful(难对付的人)foropponentsoneitherendofthecourt.ButwhatmakesYaoinvaluabletotheRocketsorganizationishisroleasaglobalcitizenandasabridgetomillionsofpotentialbasketballfansinChina.
WhenitwasannouncedinFebruarythatYaowouldmisstherestoftheNBAseasonandpossiblytheOlympicswithastressfracture(骨折)inhisleftfoot,acollectiveshudder(震动)spreadacrossChina.Afterconsiderabledebateanddiscussion,Yaooptedtogethisfootsurgicallytreatedinanoperationthatplacedseveraltinyscrewsacrossthebone,toofferhisoverburdenedfootmoresupport.Thesurgerywasasuccess,andthoughtheestimatedfour-monthrecoveryperiodwillleavehimlittletimetopreparewithTeamChina,YaohasvowedtobereadyfortheBeijingOlympics.
Yaowrappedupa10-daytriptoChina,whereheunderwentaseriesoftraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)treatments,hopingtoacceleratehisrecoveryprocessWesternexpertsaregenerallyskepticalofTCM'sbenefitsalthoughnewresearchfromtheUniversityofRochestersuggeststhatacertaincompoundderivedfromshellfishmayindeedstimulatebonerepair.
"ThereisnoreasontodismissTCM,"YaotoldapressconferenceinBeijing."It'sbeenusedinourcountryforthousandsofyears.Idon'tthinkthatit'sshortonscience."
31.【题干】Theword"towering"inParagraph1means__C___
A.large.
B.fat.
C.tall.
D.great.
32.OpponentsfinditverydifficulttocontrolYaoMingbecauseofhis___A__
A.mobility.
B.assault.
C.defense.
D.celebrity.
33.YaoMinghadtoundergoaseriesofTCMtreatmentsbecause__B___
A.hisrightfoothadbeenhurting.
B.hewantedtomakeamorerapidrecovery.
C.thesurgicaloperationhadbeenafailure.
D.hecouldn'taffordallthemedicalexpenses.
34.【题干】WhichstatementaboutYaoMingisNOTtrue?
A
A.HemissedtheAthensOlympics.
B.HeisanNBAplayer.
C.Hefracturedhisleftfoot.
D.Heisaninternationalfigure.
35.Ingeneral,theWesternexperts'attitudetowardsTCMis___D__.
A.indifferent.
B.positive.
C.negative.
D.doubtful.
第二篇DeforestationandDesertification(沙漠化)
TheSahelzoneliesbetweentheSaharadesertandthefertilesavannahs(热带大草原)ofnorthernNigeriaandSouthSudan.ThewordsahelcomesfromArabicandmeansmarginalortransitional,andthisisagooddescriptionofthesesemi-arid(半干旱)lands,whichoccupymuchoftheWesternAfricancountriesofMail,Mauritania,Niger,andChad.
Unfortunately,overthelastcenturytheSaharadeserthassteadilycreptsouthwardseatingintoonceproductiveSahellands.UnitedNationssurveysshowthatover70percentofthedrylandinagricultureuseinAfricahasdeterioratedoverthelast30years.Droughtshavebecomemoresevere,themostrecentlastingovertwentyyearsinpartsoftheSahelregion.ThesameprocessofdesertificationistakingplaceacrosssouthernAfricaastheKalaharidesertadvancesintoBotswanaandpartsofSouthAfrica.
Oneofthemajorcausesofthisdesertadvanceispooragriculturallanduse,drivenbythepressuresofincreasingpopulation.Overgrazing一keepingtoomanyfarmanimalsontheland一meansthatgrassesandotherplantscannotrecover,andscarcewatersuppliesareexhausted.Overcultivation一tryingtogrowtoomanycropsonpoorland一resultsinthesoilbecomingevenlessfertileanddrier,andbeginningtobreakup.Soilerosion(侵蚀)follows,andthelandturnsintodesert.
Anothercauseofdesertificationislossoftreecover.Treesarecutdownforuseasfuelandtoclearlandforagriculturaluse.Treerootshelptobindthesoiltogether,toconservemoisture,andtoprovideahabitatforotherplantsandanimals.Whentreesarecutdown,thesoilbeginstodryandloosen,windandrainerosionincrease,otherplantspeciesdie,andeventuallythefertiletopsoilmaybealmostentirelylost,leavingonlybarerockanddust.
Theeffectsoflossoftopsoilandincreaseddroughtareirreversible.Theyare,however,preventable.Carefulconservationoftreecoverandsustainableagriculturallandusehavebeenshowntohaltdeteriorationofsoilsandlessentheeffectsofshortageofrainfall.OneprojectinKitainsouth-westMalifundedbyUNDPhasinvolvedlocalcommunitiesinsustainablemanagementofforest,whileatthesametimeprovidingaviable(有活力的)agriculturaleconomy.ThismaybeamodelforsimilarprojectsinotherWestAfricancountries.
35ordertopreventdesertification,theauthorpro