最新高一英语阅读理解社会文化解题技巧和训练方法及练习题含答案.docx
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最新高一英语阅读理解社会文化解题技巧和训练方法及练习题含答案
最新高一英语阅读理解(社会文化)解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类
1.阅读理解
Itravelalot,andIfindoutdifferent"styles"(风格)ofdirectionseverytimeIask"HowcanIgettothepostoffice?
"
Foreigntouristsareoftenconfused(困惑的)inJapanbecausemoststreetstheredon'thavenames.InJapan,peopleuselandmarks(地标)intheirdirectionsinsteadofstreetnames.Forexample,theJapanesewillsaytotravelers,"Gostraightdowntothecorner.Turnleftatthebighotelandgopastafruitmarket.Thepostofficeisacrossfromthebusstop."
InthecountrysideoftheAmericanMidwest,therearenotusuallymanylandmarks.Therearenomountains,sothelandisveryflat.Inmanyplacestherearenotownsorbuildingswithinmiles.Insteadoflandmarks,peoplewilltellyoudirectionsanddistances.InKansasorIowa,forexample,peoplewillsay,"Gonorthtwomiles.Turneast,andthengoanothermile.
PeopleinLosAngeles,California,havenoideaofdistanceonthemap.Theymeasuredistanceintime,notmiles."Howfarawayisthepostoffice?
"youask."Oh,"theyanswer,"it'saboutfiveminutesfromhere."Yousay,"Yes,buthowmanymilesisit?
"Theydon'tknow.
It'struethatapersondoesn'tknowtheanswertoyourquestionsometimes.Whathappensinsuchasituation?
ANewYorkermightsay,"Sorry,Ihavenoidea."ButinYucatan,Mexico,nooneanswers"Idon'tknow".PeopleinYucatanbelievethat"Idon'tknow"isimpolite.Theyusuallygiveananswer,oftenawrongone.Atouristcangetvery,verylostinYucatan!
(1)WhenatouristaskstheJapanesethewaytoacertainplace,theyusually_______.
A.describetheplacecarefully
B.showhimamapoftheplace
C.tellhimthenamesofthestreets
D.refertorecognizablebuildingsandplaces
(2)Whatistheplacewherepeoplemeasuredistanceintime?
A.NewYork.
B.LosAngles.
C.Kansas
D.Lowa.
(3)PeopleinYucatanmaygiveatouristawronganswer________.
A.inordertosavetime
B.asatest
C.soastobepolite
D.forfun
(4)Whatcanweinferfromthetext?
A.It'simportantfortravelerstounderstandculturaldifferences.
B.It'susefulfortravelerstoknowhowtoaskthewayproperly.
C.Peoplehavesimilarunderstandingofpoliteness.
D.NewYorkersaregenerallyfriendlytovisitors.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)B
(3)C
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,作者围绕不同国家回答问路的风格,介绍了不同国度的不同文化。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Foreigntouristsareoftenconfused(困惑的)inJapanbecausemoststreetstheredon'thavenames.InJapan,peopleuselandmarks(地标)intheirdirectionsinsteadofstreetnames.”可知在日本通常是用地标指路。
故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据倒数第二段中的“PeopleinLosAngeles,California,havenoideaofdistanceonthemap;theymeasuredistanceintime,notmiles.”可知,在洛杉矶用走一段路用多少时间来指路。
故选B。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“ButinYucatan,Mexico,nooneanswers‘Idon'tknow.’PeopleinYucatanbelievethat‘Idon'tknow’isimpolite.”可推断,因尤卡坦人可能会给游客一个错误的答案的目的是为了礼貌。
故选C。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“Ifindoutdifferent‘styles’ofdirectionseverytimeIask‘HowcanIgettothepostoffice?
’"以及下文举例说明可知,作者围绕回答问路的风格,介绍了不同国度的不同文化。
因此推断作者说明了对旅行者来说了解不同地方的文化差异很重要。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
March21hasbeendeclaredWorldSleepDay,atimetorecognizeandcelebratethevalueofsleep.Manysleepexpertshopeitwillbeawake-upcall.
Accordingtoapoll(民意调查)bytheNationalSleepFoundation,nearly4in5Americansdon'tgetasmuchsleepastheyshouldduringtheworkweek.Onaverage,adultsarethoughttoneedatleasteighthoursofsleepanight,althoughsomecanmanagewithlessandsomewon'tdowellwithoutmore.Butthesurveyfoundthat,onweekdays,only21%ofAmericansactuallygetafulleighthoursofsleep,andanother21%getlessthansixhours.
Tomanyofus,thethoughtofspendingmoretimesleepingis,well,abigyawn.Ontheotherhand,thethoughtofbeingsmarter,thinner,healthierandmorecheerfulhasacertainappeal.Andthosearejustafewoftheadvantagesthatcanbeoursifweconsistentlygetenoughsleep,researcherssay.Alsoontheplusside:
We'relikelytohavebetterskin,bettermemories,betterjudgment,and,oh,yes,longerlives.
“Whenyouloseevenonehourofsleepforanyreason,itinfluencesyourperformancethenextday,”saysDr.AlonAvidan,directoroftheUCLASleepDisordersCenter.
Astudypublishedlastyearfoundthesametobetrueevenofchildren.Whenkidsaged8to12sleptforjustonehourlessforfournights,theydidn'tfunctionaswellduringtheday.
Butsleepinghasanimageproblem.“Weseenappingorsleepingaslazy,”saysJenniferVriend,aclinicalpsychologistinOttawa,Canada,andtheleadingauthorofthestudywithchildren.“Weputsomuchemphasisondiet,nutritionandexercise.Sleepisinthebackseat.Infact,”sheadds,“nomatterhowmuchweworkout,nomatterhowwellweeat,wecan'tbeintopphysicalshapeunlesswealsogetplentyofsleep.”
(1)TheunderlinedpartinParagraph1means .
A. wakingupthesleepers B. drawingpeople'sattention
C. servingasamorningcall
D. declaringthespecialday
(2)FromParagraph3wecaninferthat .
A. beinghealthierisoneoftheadvantagesforus
B. sleepinghasnothingtodowithone'sexpectations
C. enoughsleepistheguaranteeoftheappealingthings
D. spendingmoretimeinsleepingisawasteoftime
(3)WhatJenniferVriendsaidinthelastparagraphimpliesthat .
A. peoplecarelittleaboutsleeping
B. sleepingisanimageproblem
C. lazypeopletendtosleeplong
D. sleepingisonlypartofourlife
(4)Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?
A. Totalkaboutpeople'ssleepingproblems.
B. Toprovideaninvestigationresultofsleeping.
C. Tostressthefunctionofsleepingatnight.
D. Toarousetheawarenessofenoughsleep.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)A
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,充足的睡眠对我们非常重要,为了引起人们的足够重视,3月21日被宣布为世界睡眠日。
(1)考查词义猜测。
此处指,睡眠专家希望3月21日被宣布为世界睡眠日这件事会引起人们对睡眠的重视。
由此可知,awake-upcall含有警钟的意思。
与B项表述的意思相近,故选B。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“Ontheotherhand,thethoughtofbeingsmarter,thinner,healthierandmorecheerfulhasacertainappeal.”可知,充足的睡眠可以使我们更聪明、更苗条、更健康、更快乐等,这些都是有吸引力的事情。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Weputsomuchemphasisondiet,nutritionandexercise.Sleepisinthebackseat.”可知,人们注重饮食、营养和锻炼,不很重视睡眠。
故选A。
(4)考查推理判断。
这篇文章旨在让人们意识到充足睡眠的重要性,呼吁人们关注睡眠问题。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Shakespeare'sGlobeExhibition&TourisauniqueinternationalresourcetoexploreShakespeare'swork.Openallyearround,itgivesyouanopportunitytolearnmoreaboutthemostfamousplaywright(剧作家),Shakespeare,andhelpsyouseektofurthertheexperienceandinternationalunderstandingofhim.
GroupVisitstotheExhibition&Tour
OpeningHours
TheatreTours:
Monday-Sunday:
9:
30a.m.-5:
00p.m.
Exhibition:
Monday-Sunday:
9:
00a.m.-5:
00p.m.
Groupsof15peopleormorearerequiredtopre-booktheirvisit,andeachgroupwillhaveitsownguideforfree.Tomakeareservation,pleasefillinaGroupRequestFormandreturnittousviaemail.
ExhibitionandTourPrices
Adult:
$15.00
Senior(60+):
$13.50
Student(withvalidID):
$11.50
Child(5-15):
$8.00
Complimentary:
Every16thpersonfree
Gettinghere
Shakespeare'sGlobe21NewGlobeWalk,LondonSEl9DT,UK
Wehavecurrentlyimprovedsecurity,withallbagsbeingchecked.Pleasearriveingoodtime,anddonotbringanylargebagsandcheckthecalendarbeforeyourvisitorcall+44(0)2079021500tofindoutaboutourlatestopeningtimes.
Visitorsareadvisedtoarrivebypublictransportorbytaxi.ThereisacarparkonThamesExchangeonthenorthsideofSouthwarkBridge(open24hours,sevendaysaweek).CabsmaybefoundallyearroundonSouthwarkBridge.ItmayalsobepossibletopickoneupfromoutsidetheentrancehallonNewGlobeWalk.
Wheretoeat
SwanatShakespeare'sGlobeservesmodernBritishseasonalfoodfordinner,afternoonteaordrinksinourbeautifulbarandrestaurantsetovertwofloors,availableforpre-andpost-theatredining.
SwanRestaurant
Monday-Friday:
12noon-2:
30p.m.&6:
00p.m.-10:
30p.m.
Saturday:
12noon-3:
30p.m.&6:
00p.m.
Sunday:
12noon-9:
00p.m.
(1)Whencanyoupayavisittotheexhibition?
A. Fridayat12:
00p.m.
B. Mondayat8:
00a.m.
C. Saturdayat5:
30p.m. D. Sundayat7:
00p.m.
(2)Ifagroupof20childrenvisittheExhibition&Tour,whatisrequiredforthemtodo?
A. Theyneedtohireaguidethemselves.
B. Theymustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.
C. Theyhavetopay$160forticketsintotal.
D. Theyneedtoemailforareservationinadvance.
(3)Whichofthefollowingappliestovisitors?
A. They'reabletogetataxinearSouthwarkBridge.
B. TheycanparkonthesouthsideofSouthwarkBridge.
C. Theyarerequiredtodeposittheirbagsbeforeentering.
D. It'smoreconvenienttodrivetherethantakingpublictransport.
(4)WhatcanweknowaboutSwanRestaurant?
A. AfternoonleaisnotservedonSunday.
B. Itservestraditionalseasonalfoodfordiner.
C. Itisclosedfrom3p.m.to5p.m.onworkdays.
D. Itservesthreemeals,drinksandafternoontea.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)D
(3)A
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,向游客介绍了参观莎士比亚环球展厅的相关服务信息。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据“Exhibition‘Monday-Sunday:
9:
00a.m.-5:
00p.m.’”可知,展览从周一到周日上午9点到下午5点营业。
所以在周五下午两点能够参观展览。
故选A。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据Exhibition部分中的“Groupsof15peopleormorearer