中美知识产权贸易争端解决诉状最新范文.docx

中美知识产权贸易争端解决诉状最新范文.docx

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中美知识产权贸易争端解决诉状最新范文

中美知识产权贸易争端解决诉状

Chinameasuresaffectingtheprotectionandenforcementofintellectualpropertyrights

　　RequestforConsultationsbytheUnitedStates

　　Thefollowingcommunication,dated10April2007,fromthedelegationoftheUnitedStatestothedelegationofChinaandtotheChairmanoftheDisputeSettlementBody,iscirculatedinaccordancewithArticle4.4oftheDSU.

　　MyauthoritieshaveinstructedmetorequestconsultationswiththeGovernmentofthePeople’sRepublicofChina（“China”）pursuanttoArticles1and4oftheUnderstandingonRulesandProceduresGoverningtheSettlementofDisputes（“DSU”）andArticle64oftheAgreementonTrade-RelatedAspectsofIntellectualPropertyRights（“TRIPSAgreement”）（totheextentthatArticle64correspondstoArticleXXIIoftheGeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade1994）withrespecttocertainmeasurespertainingtotheprotectionandenforcementofintellectualpropertyrightsinChina.

　　I.Thresholdsforcriminalproceduresandpenalties

　　ThefirstmatteronwhichtheUnitedStatesrequestsconsultationsconcernsthethresholdsthatmustbemetinorderforcertainactsoftrademarkcounterfeitingandcopyrightpiracytobesubjecttocriminalproceduresandpenalties.Inthisregard,themeasuresatissueinclude：

（1）theCriminalLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina（adoptedattheSecondSessionoftheFifthNationalPeople’sCongresson1July1979andrevisedattheFifthSessionoftheEighthNationalPeople’sCongresson14March1997）（“CriminalLaw”）,inparticularArticles213,214,215,217,218,and220;and

（2）measuresbythecourtsandprocuratoratethatapplythroughoutChina,includingtheInterpretationbytheSupremePeople’sCourtandtheSupremePeople’sProcuratorateonSeveralIssuesofConcreteApplicationofLawinHandlingCriminalCasesofInfringingIntellectualProperty（adoptedatthe1331stSessionoftheJudicialCommitteeoftheSupremePeople’sCourton2November2004andthe28thSessionoftheTenthProcuratorialCommitteeoftheSupremePeople’sProcuratorateon11November2004andtobeeffectiveasof22December2004）（“theDecember2004JudicialInterpretation”）,andtheInterpretationbytheSupremePeople’sCourtandtheSupremePeople’sProcuratorateonSeveralIssuesofConcreteApplicationofLawinHandlingCriminalCasesofInfringingIntellectualProperty（II）（adoptedon4April2007,atthe1422ndSessionoftheJudicialCommitteeoftheSupremePeople’sCourtandthe75thSessionoftheTenthProcuratorialCommitteeoftheSupremePeople’sProcuratorate,andtobeeffectiveon5April2007）（“theApril2007JudicialInterpretation”）;

　　aswellasanyamendments,relatedmeasures,[1]orimplementingmeasures.

　　Articles213,214,and215oftheCriminalLawdescribecertainactsoftrademarkcounterfeitingthatmaybesubjecttocriminalproceduresandpenalties.However,underArticle213,criminalproceduresandpenaltiesareavailableonly“ifthecircumstancesareserious”or“ifthecircumstancesareespeciallyserious”。

UnderArticle214,criminalproceduresandpenaltiesareavailableonly“iftheamountofsales[ofcommoditiesbearingcounterfeitregisteredtrademarks]isrelativelylarge”or“iftheamountofsalesishuge”。

UnderArticle215,criminalproceduresandpenaltiesareavailableonly“ifthecircumstancesareserious”or“ifthecircumstancesareespeciallyserious”。

　　Articles217and218oftheCriminalLawdescribecertainactsofcopyrightpiracythatmaybesubjecttocriminalproceduresandpenalties.However,underArticle217,criminalproceduresandpenaltiesareavailableonly“iftheamountofillegalgainsisrelativelylarge,orifthereareotherseriouscircumstances”or“iftheamountofillegalgainsishugeorifthereareotherespeciallyseriouscircumstances”。

UnderArticle218,criminalproceduresandpenaltiesareavailableonly“iftheamountofillegalgainsishuge”。

　　Article220oftheCriminalLawprovidesfortheavailabilityofproceduresandpenaltieswhenthecrimesdescribedinArticles213through219arecommittedbya“unit”,asopposedtobynaturalpersons.

　　TheCriminalLawitselfdoesnotdefinetheterms“serious”,“especiallyserious”,“relativelylarge”,and“huge”asusedintheabove-referencedarticles.Instead,thesetermsaredefinedintheDecember2004JudicialInterpretationandtheApril2007JudicialInterpretationbyreferenceto“illegalbusinessvolume”（statedintermsofthevalueofproductsproduced,stored,transportedandsold）,“illegalgains”（statedintermsofprofit）,ornumberof“illegalcopies”。

　　Additionally,wherethethresholdsaredefinedintermsof“illegalbusinessvolume”,Article12oftheDecember2004JudicialInterpretationprovidesthatvalueordinarilyiscalculatedaccordingto“thepricesatwhichsuchproductsareactuallysold”or“thelabeledpricesortheactualpricesfoundtobesoldatafterinvestigation”。

Inotherwords,itisthepriceoftheinfringinggoodsasopposedtothepriceofthecorrespondinglegitimategoodsthatdetermines“illegalbusinessvolume”。

Thelowertheactualorlabeledpricesofinfringinggoods,themoreofthemaninfringercansellorofferforsalewithoutreachingthethresholdsintheCriminalLawthataredefinedbyreferenceto“illegalbusinessvolume”。

　　TheUnitedStatesunderstandsthatactsoftrademarkcounterfeitingandcopyrightpiracyoccurringonacommercialscaleinChinathatfailtomeetthethresholdsarenotsubjecttocriminalproceduresandpenaltiesinChina.ThelackofcriminalproceduresandpenaltiesforcommercialscalecounterfeitingandpiracyinChinaasaresultofthethresholdsappearstobeinconsistentwithChina’sobligationsunderArticles41.1and61oftheTRIPSAgreement.

　　II.DisposalofgoodsconfiscatedbyCustomsauthoritiesthatinfringeintellectualpropertyrights

　　ThesecondmatteronwhichtheUnitedStatesrequestsconsultationsconcernsgoodsthatinfringeintellectualpropertyrightsthatareconfiscatedbyChinesecustomsauthorities,inparticularthedisposalofsuchgoodsfollowingremovaloftheirinfringingfeatures.

　　Inthisregard,themeasuresatissueinclude：

（1）theRegulationsofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaforCustomsProtectionofIntellectualPropertyRights（adoptedatthe30thOrdinaryMeetingoftheStateCouncilon26November2003,publishedbytheStateCouncilon2December2003,andeffectivefrom1March2004）（“CustomsIPRRegulations”）,inparticularChapter4thereof;and

（2）theImplementingMeasuresofCustomsofthePeople’sRepublicofChinafortheRegulationsofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonCustomsProtectionofIntellectualPropertyRights（adoptedatanAdministrationAffairsMeetingoftheGeneralAdministrationofCustomson22April2004,issuedbytheGeneralAdministrationofCustomswithOrderNo.114on25May2004,andeffectivefrom1July2004）（“CustomsIPRImplementingMeasures”）,inparticularChapter5thereof;

　　aswellasanyamendments,relatedmeasures,[2]orimplementingmeasures.

　　Specifically,theUnitedStatesunderstandsthatArticle27oftheCustomsIPRRegulationsandArticle30oftheCustomsIPRImplementingMeasuressetforthahierarchyofrequirementsforthedisposalofgoodsthatinfringeintellectualpropertyrightsandthatareconfiscatedbyChinesecustomsauthorities.Underthathierarchy,thecustomsauthoritiesoftenappeartoberequiredtogiveprioritytodisposaloptionsthatwouldallowsuchgoodstoenterthechannelsofcommerce（forinstance,throughauctioningthegoodsafterremovingtheirinfringingfeatures）。

Onlyiftheinfringingfeaturescannotberemovedmustthegoodsbedestroyed.TherequirementthatinfringinggoodsbereleasedintothechannelsofcommerceunderthecircumstancessetforthinthemeasuresatissueappearstobeinconsistentwithChina’sobligationsunderArticles46and59oftheTRIPSAgreement.

　　III.DenialofcopyrightandrelatedrightsprotectionandenforcementtoworksthathavenotbeenauthorizedforpublicationordistributionwithinChina

　　ThethirdmatteronwhichtheUnitedStatesrequestsconsultationsconcernsthedenialofcopyrightandrelatedrightsprotectionandenforcementtocreativeworksofauthorship,soundrecordings,andperformancesthathavenotbeenauthorizedforpublicationordistributionwithinChina.Forexample,itappearsthatworksthatarerequiredtoundergocensorshipreview（orotherformsofpre-publicationorpre-distributionreview）beforeenteringtheChinesemarketarenotprotectedbycopyrightbeforethereviewiscompleteandpublicationanddistributionwithinChinahasbeenauthorized.

　　Inthisregard,themeasuresatissueinclude：

（1）theCopyrightLaw,[3]inparticularArticle4;

（2）theCriminalLaw,theRegulationsontheAdministrationofPublishingIndustry,theRegulationsontheAdministrationofBroadcasting,theRegulationsontheAdministrationofAudiovisualProducts,theRegulationsontheAdministrationoffilms,andtheRegulationsontheAdministrationofTelecommunication;[4]

　　（3）theAdministrativeRegulationsonAudiovisualProducts[5];

　　（4）theAdministrativeRegulationonPublishing[6];

　　（5）theAdministrativeRegulationsonElectronicPublications[7];

　　（6）theMeasuresfortheAdministrationofImportofAudioandVideoProducts[8];

　　（7）theProceduresforExaminationandApprovalforPublishingFinishedElectronicPublicationItemsLicensedbyaForeignCopyrightOwner[9];

　　（8）theProceduresforExaminationandApprovalofImportationofFinishedElectronicPublicationItemsbyElectronicPublicationImportationEntities[10];

　　（9）theProceduresforRecordingofImportedPublications[