七年级仁爱英语下册必背短语句型.docx
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七年级仁爱英语下册必背短语句型
七年级仁爱英语下册必背短语句型
Whereis(thenearest)……?
(最近的)……在哪里?
Canyoutellmethewayto……?
你能告诉我去……的路吗?
HowcanIgetto……?
我怎样到达……呢?
Isthere……nearhere/intheneighborhood?
附近有……吗?
Whichisthewayto……?
哪条是去……的路?
.Showingtheways:
(指路)Gostraightdown/alongthisstreet.沿着这条街一直走。
Turnleftatthesecondturning.在第二个路口向左转。
Youwillfinditonyourright.你会在你右手边发现它。
Itisaboutonehundredmetresfromhere.离这里大约一百米远。
You’dbettertakeabus.你最好坐公交车去。
(You’dbetter+动词原形)acrossfrom……在……的对面acrossfromthebank在银行的对面nextto……紧靠……nexttothesupermarket紧靠超市between……and……在……和……之间betweentheparkandthezoo在公园和动物园之间among表示位于三者或三者以上之间infrontof……在……前面Thereisatreeinfrontoftheclassroom.课室前面有棵树inthefrontof……在……(内)的前部Thereisadeskinthefrontoftheclassroom.课室内的前部有张桌子。
behind……在……后面behindmyhouse在我家后面turnleft/right向左/右拐ontheleft/rightof……在某物的左/右边ontheleftofourschool在我们学校的左边onone’sleft/right在某人的左/右边onmyleft在我左边gostraight一直走down/along……沿着……(街道down/alongCenterStreet沿着中央街intheneighborhood=nearhere在附近10welcometo……欢迎来到……take/haveawalk散步12.thebeginningof…………的开始,前atthebeginningof……在……的开始,前端inthebeginning起初,一开始13.havefun=haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself玩得开心,过得愉快
我昨天玩得很开心。
Ihadfunyesterday.Ihadagoodtimeyesterday.Ienjoyedmyselfyesterday.
一、名词复数词
photo-photoschild-children foot-feet tooth-teeth knife-knivesbaby-babies 家庭family-families 马铃薯potato----potatoes 树叶leaf---leaves
德国人Germans
二、一般现在时中单数第三人称动词构造
1.直接加s(元音字母+y直接加)likes,wants,plays,stays,enjoys,buys
2.s,x,sh,ch,o结尾加es-------teaches,watches,washes,passes,goes,does
3.辅音字母+y,去y改i加es study---studies,fly---flies,carry---carries,
三、现在进行时be+V-ing(现在分词)
现分词词特殊构造:
1.去e加ing。
如:
dance---dancing,write---writing,live---living,make---making, ride---riding, drive---driving
2.双写加ing。
如:
put—putting,get---getting, swim---swimming,run---running, sit---sitting, shop---shopping,plan---planning,begin-beginning
四、一般过去时
1.肯定形式:
动词用其过去式,只能填一个词
(绝对不可用be跟原形,也不可用be跟过去式)
如:
wasplay,wereperform,wasgo,werebought,wasmade×这些都错
如果没有表示动作的实意动词,就用was/were跟形容词
如:
Theywerehappy.Thetripwaswonderful.Thefoodtherewasverydelicious.
Thepeopletherewerefriendly.
出生用wasborn或wereborn
IwasbornonApril2nd. HeandIwerebothborninSeptember.否定形式:
didn’t跟原形动词 Ididn’tlikeclimbinghillsbefore.Shedidn’tgoswimming,shevisitedsomeplacesofinterestyesterday.疑问形式:
did跟原形动词Didyouenjoyyourselveslastnight?
Yes,weenjoyedourselves.Howdidhetravelthere?
Hetraveledtherebyplane.
4.过去式构造
1)直接加ed played,stayed,performed,traveled,enjoyed,visited,entered
2)结尾加d, danced,liked
3)辅音字母加y,去y改i加ed carry—carried, study—studied,
4)重读闭音节,双写辅音字母加ed stopped, planned,
5)不规则变化,背记书本后过去式表(特别要记关于旅游,举行聚会等的动词)
5.掌握一下常用于一般过去时的时间状语
yesterday,yesterdayevening=lastnight,amomentago=justnow,before,
lastSunday/week/month/year/summer, in2009, attheageof…(在…岁时)
6.当表示会做某事时,用canàcould+动词原形
Attheageofeight,hecouldrideabike.
Whenhewasachild,hecouldn’twashclothes,butnowhecan.
五、以下词或短语后须跟动词原形
Would/couldyouplease, whynot, hadbetter(not)dosth(最好、、、),
let(let…do…),helpsbdosth, makesbdosth,
may/can/could/must/should/shouldn’t do
do/does/did须跟动词原形
六、以下词或短语后须跟“to+动词原形”
wanttodo,needtodo,wouldliketodo,learntodo…学会做…
forget(忘记做)todo, remembertodo…(记住做),
hopetodo…,wishtodosth. plantodo…, asksbtodo, tellsbtodo,
helpsb(to)do,lovetodo, begin/starttodo…开始做…
It’sgoodtodo…,It’stimetodosth.(该做……)
It’sagoodtime/seasonto…It’syourturnto…(轮到你…….)
七、以下词或短语后须跟“动词ing”
1.likedoingsth, enjoydoingsth, stopdoingsth,
seesbdoingsth,hearsbdoingsth,watchsbdoingsth,看见/听见/观察到某人正在
Isawhimclimbingthetree.我看见他在爬树。
Wewatchedthemplayingchess.
Canyouhearthebirdssinginginthetrees?
bebusydoingsth,正忙着……
2.goshopping/swimming/fishing/climbing/hiking/skating/skiing/traveling
3.介词后跟“动词ing”
thankyouforhelping/tellingme,what/howaboutdoingsth,
begoodatdoingsth=dowellindoing…bydoingsth, beforedoing
八、掌握重点序数词 the+序数词,某月某日用序数词
one---first,two---second, three---third, onthesecondfloor,
turnleftatthefirstturning = takethefirstturningontheleft
turnrightatthethirdcrossing=takethethirdcrossingontheright
onFebruary3rd,onAugust11th,onNovember2nd
可简写为1st,2nd,3rd,20th,21st,22nd,23rd,31st,(注意11th,12th)
序数词口诀:
一二三特殊变,五和十二去ve改f加th,八去t九除e,整十位去y改i加eth,两位数,十位不变个位变。
重点掌握:
one-first,two-second,three-third,five-fifth,nine-ninthtwelve—twelfth twenty—twentieth, forty-fortieth, thirty-one—thirty-first
九、介词用法
1. in+年,月,季,早,午,晚,
in2008, inOctober,inspring,inthemorning/afternoon/evening
2. on+某一天(节日,假日,周日)
onthatday,onTeachers’Day,onChildren’sDay,onMother’sDay,
onTuesday(周二),onThursday(周四),onWednesday(周三)
3. at+点钟 for+一段时间 fortwodays, forthreemonths
在、、、、、、期间duringtheholidays,duringthetime,duringthethreedays
在两者之间between…and betweenyouandme, betweenhimandher
注意:
在yesterday,lastweek,lastnight,thismorning,nextyear前不可加介词
十、考试技巧
瞻前顾后,看时间短语,确定关键词,找主语,判断适当形式。
注意三个凡是:
凡是名词注意单复数;凡是动词注意适当形式;凡是数词注意是否序数词。
1、形容词修饰名词,如:
aninterestingstory,cleverchildren,anexpensivetrip
Aheavyrain一场大雨 astrongwind一阵强风
2、be+形容词, sound+形容词
听起来、、、soundsgreat,soundswonderful,soundsdelicious,soundsinteresting
3、动词用副词修饰,如:
shine(shone)brightly阳光灿烂, blow(blew)strongly刮大风,
下大雨rain(rained)heavily=hard, 下大雪snow(snowed)heavily=hard
十一、近义词区别:
1.Hopeyou(主格)getwellsoon!
=Wishyou(宾格)togetwellsoon.
hopetodosth. = wishtodosth.
hope+完整句子,所跟的人只能当后面句子的主语
wishsb.todosth…只有wish才可跟人做宾语
IhopetovisitGermany.=IwishtovisitGermany.
Ihopehecanwinthegame.=Iwishhimtowinthegame.
WehopewecanflytoAmerica.=WehopetoflytoAmerica.
Ihopeyou(主格)can/willenjoyyourselves.
=Wishyou(宾格)tohaveagoodtime.
2.listen(to)听的过程,hear听的结果, sound听起来+形容词
Helistenedcarefully,buthecouldn’thearanything.Itsoundsdiff
wakeup醒来,唤醒getup起床
2.gotoschool去上学gohome回家
3.godancing/shopping/skating/swimming去跳舞;购物、滑冰;游泳
godoingsomething可用于表达去进行某种娱乐休闲活动。
4.表示交通方式:
onfoot步行
byboat坐船byship坐船byair乘飞机
byplane乘飞机bytrain坐火车bysubway搭乘地铁
bycar坐小汽车bybus坐公共汽车bybike骑自行车
5.takethesubway/bus/car搭乘地铁;公共汽车;小汽车
6.driveacartowork=gotoworkbycar驾车去上班
takeabustowork=gotoworkbybus乘公共汽车去上班
gotoschoolonfoot=walktoschool步行去上学
7.rideabike/horse骑自行车;骑马
8.afterschool/class放学以后;下课以后
9.playthepiano/guitar/violin弹钢琴;吉他;小提琴
playbasketball/soccer/football打篮球;踢足球;打橄榄球
playcomputergames玩电脑游戏
playwithacomputer玩电脑
playsports做运动
10.nextto紧挨着,在…旁边
11.aplanofmyschool一幅我们学校的平面图
12.onweekdays在工作日
atweekends在周末
13.havebreakfast/lunch/supper/dinner/meals吃早餐;中餐;晚餐;正餐;一日三餐
haveclasses/lessons/ameeting上课;上课;开会
14.watchTV/movies/games/theanimals看电视;电影;比赛;动物
readnovels/newspapers/books看小说;报纸;书
15.washone’sface/clothes洗脸;衣服
16.反义词:
up–down,early–late近义词:
quickly–fast
getupearly早起belatefor迟到
17.thefirst/second/third/fourthday第一;二;三;四天
18.cleanthehouse打扫房子
19.表示建筑物(尤其学校建筑物):
ontheplayground在操场
atschool/home/table在学校;家里;桌旁
inacomputerroom/teachers’office/classroombuilding/gym/library/lab/canteen
在电脑室;教师办公室;教学楼;体操馆;图书馆;实验室;食堂
20.aroundsixo’clock=ataboutsixo’clock大约在六点
21.频率副词:
never,seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always
二、重点句型:
1.It’stimetogetup.该起床的时候了。
It’stimeforbreakfast.=It’stimetohavebreakfast=It’stimeforhavingbreakfast.该吃早饭了
2.Youmustgotoschoolearly.你必须早点去上学。
(主观因素造成“必须”)
Ihavetowashmyfacequickly.我不得不迅速地洗脸。
(客观因素造成“必须”)
3.HappyNewYear!
Thesametoyou!
新年快乐!
也祝你新年快乐!
4.Howaboutyou?
=Whataboutyou?
你怎么样?
5.Ittastesgood.它尝起来很好。
Itsoundsgood.它听起来很好。
6.Howdoyouusuallygotoschool?
Iusuallygotoschoolbybike.
你通常怎样去上学?
我通常骑自行车去上学。
Whatdoyouusuallydoafterschool?
Iusuallyplaycomputergames.
你通常放学做什么?
我通常玩电脑游戏。
7.Howdoessheusuallygotowork?
Sheusuallygoestoworkbycar.
她通常怎样去上班?
她通常开车去上班。
Whatdoesheusuallydoafterclass?
Heusuallyreadsnovels.
他通常下课后做什么?
他通常看小说。
8.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm!
早起的鸟儿有虫吃。
/笨鸟先飞。
9.Where’sMr.Zhougoing?
He’sgoingtoShanghai.周先生将要去哪里?
他将要去上海。
三、语法学习:
复习一般现在时和现在进行时。
一般现在时:
1.区别含有be动词和行为动词的肯定句式。
Iamathome.√Istayathome.√Iamstayathome.×Shestayathome.×
2.一般疑问句、否定句表达的不同方式:
Areyouathome?
Doyoustayathome?
Doesshestayathome?
Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.Yes,shedoes.No,shedoesn’t.
Iamnotathome.Idon’tstayathome.Shedoesn’tstayathome.
3.主语为第三人称单数时,谓语行为动词的变化。
SheplayscomputergamesonSundays.
ShestudiesEnglisheverymorning.
Shegoestoschoolonweekdays.
Shehasbreakfastat6:
45.
4.用法:
(1)表示现在的状况:
Iamateacher.Youarestudent.TheyareinLondon.
(2)表示经常的或习惯性的动作:
Iusuallygotoschoolonfoot.Sheplaystenniseverymorning.
(3)表示主语具备的性格和能力等:
Helikesplayingbasketball.Theydothecooking.
现在进行时:
1.基本句式结构:
Iamplayingwithacomputer.
2.现在分词构成法:
go–goingplay–playinghave–havingdrive–driving
run–runningswim–swimmingbegin–beginning
3.用法:
(1)表示现在正在进行的动作:
Sheishavingdinner.她正在用餐。
(2)方位动词的现在进行时可用来表示将要发生的动作:
I’mgoing.我要走了。
四、交际用语:
谈论交通工具及如何上学和日常生活。
主要句型:
Howdoyouusuallygotoschool?
Iusuallygotoschoolbybike.
I’mridingabikenow.