中考阅读题型突破第四讲推理判断题.docx
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中考阅读题型突破第四讲推理判断题
推理判断题：
.A考查依据短文内容和考生应有的常识进行推理和判断的能力。
此类题目文章中没有明确的答案，需要考生再理解全文的基础上进行推理和判断。
其主要提问方式是：
（1）Wecanguessthewriterofthelettermaybea______.
（2）Wecaninferfromthetextthat_______.
（3）Fromtheletterswe’velearnedthatit’svery_____toknowsomethingaboutAmericansocialcustoms.
（4）Fromthestorywecanguess______.
（5）Whatwouldbehappyif…?
B. 考查推断作者意图和态度的能力。
（1）HowdidthewriterfeelatViennastation?
（2）Thewriterwritesthistextto______.
（3）Thewriterbelievesthat______.
（4）Thewritersuggeststhat______.
所谓推断，就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息。
即从已知推未知。
据以推断的有关文字可能是词或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。
中考英语试题中的推断题很多，包括的面也很大。
其类型主要有以下几种：
（1）事实推断：
这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。
进行这种推断，要首先在文章中找出据以推断的有关文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。
2014年厦门中考英语阅读理A篇
“Idon’tknow“Benreplies.“Everythingwasgoingfine,butasIgothigher,Iwasstartingtogetcold,soIturnedoffthebigfanthingandthen….“
41.ThepossiblereasonforthecrashisthatBen_______.
A.shutoffthebigfanthingonthehelicopter
B.refusedtotalkwiththeinstructor
C.keptradioinginonthehelicopter
2010年厦门中考英语阅读理解A篇
Ayoungmanwaswalkingthroughasupermarkettopickupafewthingswhenhenoticedanoldladyfollowinghimround.Thinkingnothingofit,hecontinued.
Finally,hewenttothecheck-outline,buttheoldladygotinfrontofhim.“Excuseme,”shesaid,“I’msorryifmystaringat（盯着看）youhasmadeyoufeeluncomfortable,it’sjustbecauseyoulooklikemyson,whomIhaven’tseenforalongtime.”
“Whatapity,”repliedtheyoungman,“isthereanythingIcandoforyou?
”
“Yes,”shesaid,“asI’mleaving,canyousay‘Goodbye,mother!
’?
Itwouldmakemefeelsomuchbetter.”
“Sure,”answeredtheyoungman.So,whentheoldwomanwasleaving,hecalledout,“Goodbye,mother!
”
Asshesteppeduptothecheck-outcounter（收银台）,hesawthathistotalwas$127.50.“Howcanthatbe?
”heasked,“Ionlybuyafewthings!
”
Theclerkreplied,“Yourmothersaidthatyouwouldpayforher.”
53.________wasn’tanhonestpersoninthisstory.
A.TheclerkB.TheoldladyC.Theyoungman
54.Atlast,whattheyoungmanhadtopaywas________whatheexpected.
A.morethanB.lessthanC.asmuchas
55.Weknowfromthestorythattheoldlady________.
A.likedshoppingB.hadasonC.paidnothing
▲数字类题目：
2014年厦门中考英语阅读理解E篇
Lateron,manusedtallymarkstocount.Peoplewouldjustscratch（划下）alineortallymarkforeachobjecttheywantedtocount,buttheyhadnowordtotellthenumber.
58.IfAandBeachscratchedthreelinesfortheirownobjectstobecounted,theywouldprobablyhaveobjectsinall.
A.threeB.sixC.nine
2013年厦门中考英语阅读理解E篇
Scientistshaveawaytheyusewhentheyaretryingtolearnsomethingnew.Itiscalledthescientificmethodofinquiry（科学探究方法）.
Thefirststepistoaskaquestion.Itcouldbe“Whydobird
sflysouthforthewinter?
”Oritcouldbe“Howdoeswaterturnintoice?
”Itcouldbeaboutanything.
Thenthescientistmustdoresearch.Heorshecouldlearnasmuchaboutthetopicaspossible.Next,thescientistmakesahypothesis.Itcouldbe“Birdflysouthforthewinterbecausetheyarecold.”Oritcouldbe“Waterwillturnintoicewhenthetemperaturegetslowenough”It’sasocallededucated（有根据的）guess.Now,thescientisthasahypothesis,soitmustbetested.Scientistsdothisbyconductingexperimentsinlabs,andothersdothemoutdoors.
Aftertheexperimentsarecomplete,thescientistmustanalyzethedata（分析数据）.Andheshouldcompareitwiththehypothesis.
Wasthehypothesisrightorwrong?
Evenwithawronghypothesis,scientistscanstilllearnalot.Finally,theyshouldwriteabouttheirresults.Thatway,otherpeoplecanlearn,too.
Weneed__________stepsinallwhenweusethescientificmethodofinquiry.
A.twoB.fourC.six
（2）指代推断：
确定指代词的含义和指代对象是阅读理解题常见的题目。
要确定指代词所指代的对象，关键在于对所在上下文的正确理解。
指代名词的指代词，其单复数形式英语被指代的词一致，因此数的形式可作为识别指代对象第一个辅助标志。
2014年漳州市初中毕业升学考英语阅读理解C篇
Somebutterflieshavebrightpatterncolorsontheuppersurfaceoftheirwingsthatshowwhenflying,butwhentheyrestonatreeorleaves,theyclosetheirwings.
68.Theunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3refersto________
AtheirwingsBpatterncolorsCgreenleavesDsomebutterflies
（3）逻辑推断。
这类题目往往是要求根据文章所提供的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言来推断出人物的态度或感觉。
2010年厦门中考英语阅读理解A篇
Kaixin:
Wehavetoknowhowtocontrolourselves.Weshouldkeepourmindsonstudy.Gamesarejustgames.IprefertoplaysportswithmyclassmateswhenIamfree.
64.FromKaixin’swords,wecanguessthatheismostprobablya________.
A.farmerB.workerC.student
2011年厦门中考英语阅读理D篇
HeDongping,aprofessorfromWuhanPolytechnicUniversity（WHPU）said:
"Tostoptheuseofdirtyoilshouldstartatitssource,kitchenwaste.Andthefirststepistofindagoodwayofcollectingkitchenwaste.""However,itmighttakeabout10yearsbeforeChinacouldsolvetheproblemcompletely."headded.
69.Wecaninfer（推断）fromthispassagethat______.
A.thebiggestproblemisthatrestaurantsproducestoomuchkitchenwaste
B.thewayofdealingwithkitchenwasteisn'tgoodenoughnow
C.wecanstoptheuseofswill-oilinashorttimeifwetakeitserious
（4）对作者的意图和态度的推断
这一类考题大都要求考生就作者对论述对象持什么样的态度做出推断，如作者对所陈述的观点是赞同、反对，还是犹豫不定，对记述或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠，还是厌恶。
作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩不一定直接表述出来，而往往隐含在字里行间。
因此，进行这种推断时，我们既要依靠短文的主题思想作为推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辞，尤其是形容词一类的修饰语。
2014年南平市初中毕业升学考英语阅读理解B篇
Teenagersareveryattractedbyfashions，suchascomputers,television,iPadandcellphones.Thesecanleadthemintoafieldofreal-worlddangers…Althoughtherearesomedangerouseffects,weshouldunderstandandenjoytheadvantagesthatthenewtechnologyofferstoteenagers.
55.Thewriter’sattitude（态度）ofhavingthelatestcellphonesis_________
AagreementBsurpriseCdisagreement
2014年三明市初中毕业升学考英语阅读理解C篇
However,inthenewdigitalage,weneedtobecarefulwhenusingsmartphones.Ifyouusethemtoomuch,youmayturnintoadangerousaddiction（上瘾）.Soit’salwaysbesttouseyoursmartphonesproperly.
55.Inthelastparagraph,thewriterwantstotellus_________
Asmartphonesmustbeusedproperly
Bsmartphonesplayanimportantpartinourlives
Csmartphonesareturingstudentsintoadangerousaddiction
A
Ayoungmanwaswalkingthroughasupermarkettopickupafewthingswhenhenoticedanoldladyfollowinghimround.Thinkingnothingofit,hecontinued.
Finally,hewenttothecheck-outline,buttheoldladygotinfrontofhim.“Excuseme,”shesaid,“I’msorryifmystaringat（盯着看）youhasmadeyoufeeluncomfortable,it’sjustbecauseyoulooklikemyson,whomIhaven’tseenforalongtime.”
“Whatapity,”repliedtheyoungman,“isthereanythingIcandoforyou?
”
“Yes,”shesaid,“asI’mleaving,canyousay‘Goodbye,mother!
’?
Itwouldmakemefeelsomuchbetter.”
“Sure,”answeredtheyoungman.So,whentheoldwomanwasleaving,hecalledout,“Goodbye,mother!
”
Asshesteppeduptothecheck-outcounter（收银台）,hesawthathistotalwas$127.50.“Howcanthatbe?
”heasked,“Ionlybuyafewthings!
”
Theclerkreplied,“Yourmothersaidthatyouwouldpayforher.”
51.Theyoungmanwas________thatday.
A.doingsomeshoppingB.havingawalkC.visitinghismother
52.Theoldladystood________theyoungmanonthecheck-outline.
A.besideB.behindC.before
53.________wasn’tanhonestpersoninthisstory.
A.TheclerkB.TheoldladyC.Theyoungman
54.Atlast,whattheyoungmanhadtopaywas________whatheexpected.
A.morethanB.lessthanC.asmuchas
55.Weknowfromthestorythattheoldlady________.
A.likedshoppingB.hadasonC.paidnothing
B
Recently,Chinesenetizens（网民）enjoythemselveson“growingandstealingcrops”ontheInternet.Thisisagamecalled“HappyFarms”.Nowmoreandmorepeoplearejoininginthegameandgettingaddicted.Becauseofthisgame,someplayershavebeenfired（解雇）,lovershavebrokenup,butnoneofthemcanstopHappyFarmsfrombecomingmorepopular.
Hereweinterviewedsomeyoungnetizensandlet’sseewhattheiropinionswere.
Nongmin:
PlayingHappyFarmsatwork,that’sterrible!
Aclerkwasfiredbecauseshewasonlineplayingitatwork.
King:
Ifindthatallthedreamsofhavinghousesandfields,whichareveryhardtogetinreallife,areveryeasytoberealizedinthegame.IthinkIknowthereasonwhythegameissopopular.
Kaixin:
Wehavetoknowhowtocontrolourselves.Weshouldkeepourmindsonstudy.Gamesarejustgames.IprefertoplaysportswithmyclassmateswhenIamfree.
Kitty:
IlikeHappyFarms.Myhigh-pressureworkmakesmefeellikeIcan’tbreathe（呼吸）.IwishIcouldhavearealhouseandfarm,butitseemssofaraway.Ihavetoturntovirtual（虚拟）natureformyownhouseandfarm.
61.Fromthispassage,weknowthat“HappyFarms”isa________game.
A.boringB.popularC.dull
62.Inthefirstparagraph,theunderlinedphrase“getaddicted”means“________”.
A.besorrytoB.beafraidofC.becrazyabout
63.Nongmintoldusa/an________storyaboutplayingthegameatwork.
A.shockingB.excitingC.relaxing
64.FromKaixin’swords,wecanguessthatheismostprobablya________.
A.farmerB.workerC.student
65.________havethesimilarideaaboutthegame.
A.NongminandKingB.KingandKittyC.KaixinandKitty
C
MorehaveheardoftheAmericanProm.Thisistheseniorstudents'schoolleavingparty.The
BritishnamefortheeventisaLeaver'sBallorLeaver'sDinner,althoughsomeUKschoolscall
themProms,too.InCanada,IrelandandAustraliathetermsGradorFormalaremostcommonandinSouthAfricaitiscalledaMatricDance.
SomeMatricDancesinSouthAfricastillfollowsthe
升级会员 