专升本英语考点汇总.docx
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专升本英语考点汇总
专升本英语考试题型
试卷题型及分值分布表
序号
考试项目
题号
考试内容
题型
分值
I
听力理解
1—15
对话、实用会话、短文
选择、填空
15分
II
词汇和结构
16—30
词汇、语法结构
选择、填空
15分
III
阅读理解
31—50
理解语篇,包括一般性和应用性文字材料
选择、填空、匹配
40分
IV
翻译
51—56
句子和段落
句子翻译、段落翻译
15分
V
写作
57
简历表、申请书、邀请信、通知等写作
书写、套写、填写
15分
非英语专业考生只完成Ⅰ-Ⅴ部分,合计100分,按120分折算计入总分
语法考点复习
时态与语态
一般现在时:
考点一:
表示永恒的真理,即使出现在过去的语境中,仍用一般现在时,如:
IlearnedthattheearthgoesaroundthesunwhenIwasinprimaryschool.
考点二:
在时间和条件状语从句中,从句用一般现在时代替代替一般将来时;常用的引导词有:
until/when/before/assoonas/themoment/if/unless
Iwillnotattendtheconferenceifitrainstomorrow.
Hewon’tknowthetruthunlessyoutellhim.
现在完成时
表示动作发生在过去,完成在过去,但强调与现在情况仍有联系,其结果或者影响仍然存在。
有标志性的时间状语;
Hehasopenedthedoor.
Ihaveboughtacomputer.
考点一:
for+时间段;since+时间,主句用现在完成时
TheyhavelivedinBeijingforfiveyears.
TheyhavelivedinBeijingsince1995.
考点二:
常见的不确定的时间状语:
Lately,recently,already,yet,sofar,uptillnow
Hasitstoppedrainingyet?
考点三:
表示”第几次做某事“或者”itis(最高级)thebest(worst,mostinteresting),主句用一般现在时,从句用现在完成时。
ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedChina.
ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatIhaveseen.
过去完成时
表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作,即发生在过去的过去。
Therehadbeen25parksinthecityuptill2000.
考点一:
用于hardly/scarcely/barely/rarely…when;nosooner…than句型中,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时
Ihadhardlyfinishedmyworkwhenhecametoseeme.
Ihadnosoonergotintotheroomthanitbegantosnow.
考点二:
表示第几次做某事/最高级,主句用过去式,从句用过去完成时。
Thatwasthesecondtimethatshehadseenhergrandfather.
考点三:
用于by+过去时间段
Shehadlearnt3differentlanguagesbytheendof2009.
将来完成时(willhavedone)
表将来某时刻之前已完成的事情,时间状语非常明显。
考点一:
by+将来时间段
BynextFriday,Iwillhavegotreadyfortheexam.
一般过去时
表过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作,或过去习惯性动作,不强调对现在的影响。
考点一:
usedtodo过去常常做某事
Heusedtosmokealot.
进行时态
考点一:
表示某个具体时间点在干什么,常常有具体的时间词,如at10o’clock,atthatmoment等。
Hewasdoinghomeworkat9o’clockyesterdayevening.
考点二:
趋向性动词常用现在进行时表将来,如:
go,come,leave,start等
Iamcoming.(马上来了)
HeisleavingChongqingonFriday.(他星期五离开重庆)
HeisleavingforChongqingonFriday.(他星期五要来重庆)
感官动词考点:
表示感知的动词:
hear,feel,notice,recognize,taste,smell,look,sound,taste,appear,感官动词做系动词时翻译成…起来
Heislookingatthesun.(实意动词)
Helooksyoungerthanhisjuniorbrother.(系动词)
考点一:
做系动词时不能用于被动语态
.Themusicsoundsbeautiful.
Thesilkfeelssoft.
考点二:
做系动词时不能用于进行时态
考点三:
做系动词时后面接形容词,不接副词
Soundsgood.
Thecaketastesgood.
语法专项练习
一.时态与语态
1.Tomwasdisappointedthatmostoftheguests______whenhe______attheparty.
A.hadleft,arrivedB.left,hadarrived
C.hadleft,hadarrivedD.left,arrived
2.Mary______letteratnineyesterdayevening.
A.typedB.wastypingC.hastypedD.istyping
work______bythetimeyougethere.
A.willhavebeendoneB.isdone
C.hadbeendoneD.wouldhavedone
______foraweekandthestreetswereflooded.
A.hasrainedB.wasrained
C.hadbeenrainingD.shouldhaverained
5.Sorry,butwecannotgotoSanDiego.Ourcousins____toseeusnextSunday.
A.comeB.arecomingC.havecomeD.came
6.She_______anumberofbooksbytheendoflastyear.
A.hadwrittenB.haswrittenC.havewrittenD.hadbeenwritten
7.I________heresinceIcametoBeijing.
A.hadlivedB.havelivedC.islivingD.willlive
8.Bytheendofnextyear,thebuilding_________.
A.willcompletedB.willhavebeencompleted
C.hascompletedD.iscompleting
9.He________smokealot,nowheisanon-smoker.
A.usedtoB.isusedtoC.wasusedtoD.usedby
10.Hardly________theroomwhenit______torain.
A.hadentered,wasrainingB.entered,hadrained
C.hadentered,rainedD.entered,wasraining
二:
非谓语.
动词
1.谓语动词
2.非谓语动词
谓语动词
1.行为动词/实意动词:
eat,sleep.clean.Stay(可以单独做谓语,用副词修饰)
2.联系动词:
be,get,become(不能单独做谓语,其后成分称为表语)
3.情态动词:
can,could,will(不能单独做谓语,后接动词原型)
4.助动词:
do/have的各种形式,帮助完成时态与语气的动词,不能单独做谓语。
Havebeenhere/Idolikeyou.
非谓语动词:
1.不定式:
todo(除了不能做谓语,其他成分都能做)
2.分词:
现在分词:
Ving(表主动与进行),过去分词:
(表被动与状态)
3.动名词:
Ving
※英语一句话只能有一个主谓结构
如果出现更多动词:
}加连词(and/but/so…)
}放入从句
}变为非谓语动词
1)GracefinishedherdinneratWulong
2)attendedthelocaldancingparty.
一.加入连词
GracehadfinisheddinneratWulong,andsheattendedthelocaldancingpartylater.
二.放入从句
Themoment/whenGracehadfinisheddinneratWulong,sheattendedthelocaldancingpartylater.
三.变为非谓语动词
Gracefinishedherdinnerquicklytoattendthelocaldancingparty.
不定式考点:
1.Itis+adj+forsbtodosth/Itis+adj+ofsbtodosth
.Itisdifficultforhimtofinishthetask.
Itisverykindofyoutosayso.
2.Ittakessbsometimetodosth花费某人多少时间做某事
Ittakesmethreedaystorepairthemachine.
3.so+adj/adv+asto….如此,以至于
.Thehouseissohighastoresembleatower.
4.onlyto竟然(表出乎意料的转折)
Hestudiedhardonlytofailtheexam.
(except)后带不带to?
若句子的谓语动词是“do”的各种形式,则不带to
Lastnight,IdidnothingbutwatchTV.
若句子的谓语动词不是“do”的各种形式,则带to
Thedoctortoldhimnothingbuttostopsmoking.
6.一听:
listento,hear
二看:
watch,see,lookat
三使:
let,make,have
四注意:
notice
五感觉:
feel
以上动词接动词原形,但若用语被动语态,则应接带to的不定式。
Imadehimdohiswork.
Hewasmadetodohiswork.
动名词考点:
1.Itisnogood/use/point/agreatfun+ving:
做某事无好处/用处/意义/乐趣做某事
Itisnogoodhelpinghim.
Itisagreatfungettingtoknowyourguys.
2.Thereisno+doingsth不可能做某事
Thereisnotdenyingthatsuccessfulbusinessliesinahealthybodyandmind.
Thereisnotellingwhatheisgoingtodo?
3.havedifficulty(trouble,fun,agoodtime)+(in)doingsth做某事难(麻烦,好玩)
4.go+doing户外活动
Gofishing,goswimming,goshopping
4.bebusy(in)doingsth忙于做某事
5.spend/wastetime(in)doingsth/onsth
6.can’thelpdoingsth忍不住做某事
Iamsorry,Ican’thelpoverhearing…
7.beworthdoingsth值得做某事(主动表被动)
Thebookisworthreading.
8.LiMingissaid______abroad.Doyouknow
whatcountry
havestudiedB.tostudy
C.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying
分词考点:
分词做状语:
1)主从句主语一致
2)省略从句连词与主语
3)从句分词形式取决于与主语的关系,主动用现在分词,被动用过去分词
(从)Whenthestudentssawtheteacherenteringclassroom,(主)thestudentsstoodup.
Seeingtheteacherenteringclassroom,thestudentsstoodup.
独立主格:
独立主格结构有三种类型:
1.逻辑主语+非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词、过去分词)
2.逻辑主语+(being)+表语(名词、形容词、副词、介词短语)
3.with/without+复合宾语(不定式,分词、形容词、副词、
介词短语)
非谓语练习
.anythingabouttheaccident,hewenttoworkasusual.
A.NotknownB.KnowingnotC.KnownnotD.Notknowing
2._______moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.
A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven
3.____in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.
A.BeingfoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.FoundedD.Founding
4._____bytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.
A.BeingencouragedB.EncouragingC.EncouragedD.Havingencouraged
5._____therightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrowintotheinternationalstars.
A.GivingB.HavinggivenC.TogiveD.Given
6._____inthequeueforhalfanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.
A.WaitingB.TowaitC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited
keptquietabouttheaccident_____losehisjob.
A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.soastonotD.notsoasto
8.______lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.
A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingslept
9.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere,hesaidhewassentthere__foraspaceflight.
A.trainingB.beingtrainedC.tohavetrainedD.tobetrained
10.Theoldprofessorsaidtouseverypartofthematerialsshouldbemadeuseof______thepowerstation.
A.tobuildB.buildingC.buildD.built
11.Allofthemtrytousethepoweroftheworkstation_____informationinamoreeffectiveway.
A.presentingB.presentedC.beingpresentedD.topresent
nobus,wehadtowalkhome.
A.TherewasB.TherebeingC.Becausetherebeing
D.Therewere
13.____,I'llgotherewithyoutomorrowafternoon.
A.TimepermitsB.IftimepermittingC.TimepermittingD.Time'spermitting
weallwenthomehappily.
A.GoodbyewassaidB.Goodbyehadbeensaid
C.GoodbyesaidD.Whengoodbyesaid
15._____,weallwentswimminginhighspirits.
A.ItbeingfineweatherB.Itfineweather
C.ItwasfineweatherD.Itbeingafineweather
情态动词考点:
•Can,could
•May,might
•Must/haveto
•Need
•Dare
•Will/would
•Shall/should/oughtto
考点一:
Must的否定回答
在回答must引起的问句时,如果是否定的答复,可用don’thaveto或needn’t(不必),但不能用(一定不,必须不,不允许,不得)。
如:
—MustIcleanthediningroomatonce?
我必须马上打扫餐厅吗?
—Yes,youmust.是的,你必须马上打扫。
—No,youdon’thaveto(=needn’t).不必啦。
You smokeintheoffice.你不得在办公室抽烟。
考点二:
must表肯定猜测:
Must表示推测时,只能用于肯定句中
mustdo对一般时的肯定推测
mustbedoing对现在的动作进行肯定推测
musthavedone对过去发生的事情作出的肯定判断
Theyhaveboughtanewcar.Theymusthavealotofmoney.
Hemustbereadingnovelsnow.
Theroadiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.
考点三:
can’t/could’t表否定推测
考点四:
needdoingsth=needtobedone
Theflowersneedwatering.=Theflowersneedtobewatered.
Thehouseneedspainting.=Thehouseneedstobepainted.
延伸:
want,requestdoingsth=want/requesttobedone
考点五:
need/dare既可做实意动词,也可做情态动词。
实意动词用在肯定句中(need/daretodosth),情态动词用在否定和疑问句中(need/daredosth)。
Dareyouwalkthroughtheforestatnight?
Youneedn’treturnthebooknow.
Heneedstogotherehimself.
三.情态动词
Shelooksveryhappy.She______havepassedtheexam.
—Iguessso.It’snotdifficultafterall.
A.shouldB.couldC.mustD.might
2.You______behungryalready,youhadlunchonlytwohoursago!
A.wouldn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t
3.—I’msorry.I_________atyoutheotherday.
—Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself.
A.shouldn’tshout
B.shouldn’