大学英语考试复习资料大学六级模拟304.docx

大学英语考试复习资料大学六级模拟304.docx

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大学英语考试复习资料大学六级模拟304

[大学英语考试复习资料]大学六级模拟304

大学六级模拟304

PartⅠWriting

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionbasedonthefollowinggraph.ThetitleisEnthusiasmforSports.Youshouldwritenolessthan150wordsandgiveyourreasonswhymanyTVviewersprefertowatchsportsprograms.Quoteasfewfiguresaspossibleinyourwritingandwriteneatlyandclearly.

问题:

1.

答案:

ENTHUSIASMFORSPORTS

Modernsportsarebecomingmorespectator-orientedthanparticipantoriented.JustthinkofmillionsandmillionsofpeoplewhospendcountlesshoursbeforeTVsetswatchingsportsofallsorts:

OlympicGames,WorldSeriesGamesandtheWorldCupSoccerGames.Accordingtoasurvey,sportshavethegreatestnumberofviewers（78%）amongvarioustelevisedevents.Whenanimportantfootballmatchistelevisedlive,thestreetsofabigcityareoftenleftdeserted.Evenifitmakesspectatorsdog-tiredthenextday,theycannottearthemselvesawayfromthescreen.Theyareeagertoknowforsurethefinalscores."True,thescoreswillbeavailableinthemorningpaper,"saysafootballfan,"butthat'snotthesamething:

what'sgoingonhere!

"

Apassionforsportstakespossessionofthousandsofpeoplewhogotostadiums,watchgamesonTVorlistentobroadcasts.Oneoftheprimarycausesperhapsisthatsportscanprovidealternativeoutletsforemotionsandalternativesourcesofsatisfaction.Modernscienceandtechnologyhasreducedmostofworkandlifetoaroutine.Thereisnovariety,norchallenge,norrisk.Everythingispredictableandcontrollable.Amongtheactivitiesthroughwhichpeopleseekreleasefromtheircolorlessexistenceorpent-upemotions,sportsofferthepurestformofescapeandhealthiestoutlet.Sportscanobliterateawarenessofeverydayreality,dischargethetensionsofadayatwork,satisfythestarvedneedforfreefantasyandaggressiveurge,andliftonetoamomentofintenseexcitementandexhilaration.

Enthusiasmforsportsalsoreflectsthepublic"feeling."Formostpeopleitrepresentsacommonbackground,asharedinterest.Ithasabindingpowerthattranscendssocialclassesandpoliticalviews.Strangersmaysharenothinginthewayofreligion,educationandpolitics,butthesharedinterestinsportsisstrongenoughforthemtogetalongandevenbecomefriends.Sportsgivepeopletheopportunitytobecomeapartofacommunity.Justbecauseofthenatureofsportitselfandofhumanbeings,sportscanalwaysinciteinthemapassionateenthusiasm.

PartⅡReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）

Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1—4,mark

Y（forYES）ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiven

inthepassage;

N（forNO）ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiven

inthepassage;

NG（forNOTGIVEN）iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions5—10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

Isn'tItTimetoRighttheWrong?

—ByTomSeligson

Inthesummerof1944,PortChicago—aNavybase30milesnortheastofSanFrancisco—wasthesceneofadevastatingexplosion.Hundredsofliveswerelostinwhat'sconsideredthedeadliesthome-frontdisasterofthewar.MostofthedeadandinjuredwereAfrican-Americans,putinharm'swaybyasegregatedmilitarylittleconcernedfortheirsafety.Worse,racismlayattheheartofthedisasterandlaterofaneventthathasbeencalledoneofthebiggestmiscarriagesofjusticeinourhistory.

Atthetime,PortChicagowasthebusiestammunitiondepotontheWestCoast.Thesailorsworkedaroundtheclock,loadingbombs,depthchargesandtorpedoesontoshipsheadedforthePacifictheater.InthesegregatedU.S.Navy,thejobofloadingthedeadlyammunitionwasperformedonlybyblacksailors.

"Tofindyourselfloadingammunitionwasadisappointment,"recallsRobertRouth,anAfrican-AmericansailorfromMemphiswhowas19atthetime."Weallwantedtobeactuallyfighting.Butweknewthatwhatwedidwasessentialtothewar."

Essentialbutrisky."Loadingammunitionwasextremelydangerous,"explainsRobertL.Allen,authorofThePortChicagoMutinyandtheforemostauthorityontheevents."Thesailorsweregivennotrainingforit.Ontopofthat,itwascommonpracticefortheofficerstopitthemenagainsteachother,bettingtoseewhocouldloadtheirboatthefastest."

ACoastGuarddetailworkingattheportwarnedtheNavythattheseunsafeconditionscouldleadtoadisaster.TheNavyrefusedtochangeitsprocedures,andtheCoastGuardwithdrewitsmen.

TheNightCalmWasShattered

OntheeveningofJuly17,1944,twocargoshipsweretiedupatthepier.TheE.A.Bryanwasalmostfullyloadedwith4600tonsofclusterbombs,depthchargesand40millimetershells.TheQuinaltVictoryhadjustdocked.RobertRouthandfellowsailorPercyRobinson,18,fromChicago,wereintheirbarracks.At10:

19,thenightcalmwasshattered.

"Iwasinmybunkwhentheexplosionoccurred,"recallsRobinson."Iwaslookingoutthewindow,andallofasuddeneverythingturnedtosunlight.1jumpeduptoseewhatwashappening,andthenIfelttheconcussion.Iinstinctivelycoveredmyfacewithmyarms.Thenasecondexplosionliftedmeupandknockedmetothefloor."

RobertRouthalsoturnedtowardthewindowatthefirstexplosion."Itwasthegreatestfireworksyoueverwantedtosee,"herecalls.Italsowasthelastthingheeversaw."Withthesecondexplosion,glasswenteverywhere.Itwasacombinationoftheglassandtheconcussionthatdestroyedmyeyes."

Thesecondexplosionwassopowerfulthatseismographs（地震仪）atBerkeleyrecordeditasanearthquake.TheE.A.Bryanwasblownintotinypieces.TheQuinaltVictorywasrippedapart,andPortChicago'swoodenpierwascompletelydestroyed.Thehumancostwasevenworse.Everyoneonthepierandaboardthetwoshipswaskilled.Ofthe320fatalities,202wereblack.Andofthe390injured,233wereblack.

Asbadasitwas,though,thedisastermightnothavemadehistoryifitweren'tforwhatfollowed.

TheNavy'sInsult

ANavycourtofinquiryruledoutsabotage.Itheardtestimonyabouttheunsafeconditionsattheport,butitsfinalreportabsolvedthewhiteofficersofanyresponsibilityandblamedthetragedyon"roughhandling"oftheexplosivesbytheblacksailors.Thenthewhiteofficersweregranted30-dayleaves."Noneoftheblacksailorsweregrantedleaves,"saysRobinson,whosufferedlacerations（裂伤）tohisface,headandarms."Irequested30daysofleave,whichyou'reentitledtoifyou'rewounded.1wasturneddown."Instead,theyweregiventhegrimtaskofcollectingtheremainsoftheirfellowsailors."Youcanimaginethepsychologicalimpactthishad,"saysRouth."Mylossofsightwastraumatic,buteveryonehadtraumaticneeds,physicalormental.Andnohelpwasgiven."

TheSailorsTakeaStand

Instead,threeweeksaftertheexplosion,theblacksailorswereorderedbacktowork.Butthemenhadhadenough.Ofthe328orderedtoresumeloadingammunition,258refused.Routh'sblindnesshadendedhismilitaryService,butRobinson—justreleasedfromthehospitalwasamongthosewhobalked."Weallhadourreasonsfornotgoingbacktowork,"heexplains."Somewereafraidofanotherexplosion.Iwasangrythattheywouldn'tletmegohome."

All258blacksailorswerelockeduponabarge."Afewdayslater,wewereledoutandaddressedbytheadmiral,"recallsRobinson."Hetoldusthatifwedidn'tgobacktowork,wewouldbechargedwithmutiny（哗变）.Andmutinyispunishablebydeathbyafiringsquad.Ibelievedhemeantit,soIwasoneof208menwhosteppedforward.Iwasputinprisonanyway.Iwaschargedwithdisobeyinganorder."The50sailorswhostillrefusedtogobacktoworkwere,infact,chargedwithmutiny.

MutinyCharged

Itwas'thelargestmass-mutinytrialinU.S.Navyhistory."Theirlawyerwasajuniorofficergoingupagainstseniorofficers,"explainsRobertL.Allen."Hetookthepositionthatthemenwereinshockandfear,andthatledtoaworkstoppage.Therewasnoconspiracytocommitmutiny.Thiswasnothingbutapeacefulsit-downstrike."ThetrialreceivedalotofattentionandwasfollowedcloselybyThurgoodMarshall,thefutureSupremeCourtjusticewhowasthenchiefcounselfortheNAACP（NationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColoredPeople）.

FullyawareoftheconditionsatPortChicagoandhowsegregation,unfairtreatmentanddiscriminatoryordershadcontributedtotheincident,Marshallnoted:

"Thisisnot50menontrialformutiny.ThisistheNavyontrialforitswholeviciouspolicytowardNegroes."

InjusticeContinued

Butafter32daysofhearings,thecourtdeliberatedonly80minutesbeforefindingallthesailorsguilty.Theyweresentencedto15yearsinprison.The208sailorswhohadinitiallyjoinedthemwereimprisonedfor90days,thengivensummarycourts-martialandbad-conductdischarges.

Theverdictscausedapublicuproarinblackcommunities.ThurgoodMarshallappealedthecasetothePentagon,andevenEleanorRooseveltbecameinvolved.ButtheNavyrefusedtoreconsidertheconvictions.Itwasn'tuntil1946,inthegeneraleuphoria（兴奋）overtheendofthewar,thatthePortChicagosailors—alongwithmanyotherimprisonedservicemen—weregrantedclemencyandreleased.

Ironically,frombehindbars,theaccusedhadhelpedtoachievesomeoftheirobjectives."Withalltheprotests,theNavyrealizedithadapublicrelationsproblem,"saysAllen."Theybroughtinwhitesailorstohelploadammunition.Thisbe