高三一轮复习专题十一特殊句式法讲解与练习无答案语文.docx

高三一轮复习专题十一特殊句式法讲解与练习无答案语文.docx

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高三一轮复习专题十一特殊句式法讲解与练习无答案语文

专题十一特殊句式

考点聚焦

1、强调句

陈述句型：

Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who...

一般疑问句式：

Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that/who...

疑问句式：

特殊疑问词（被强调部分）is/wasitthat/who...?

Itis/was+notuntil...+that/who

使用助动词do/does/did强调

Eg:

ItwasintheparkthatTomlosthiswatch.

Itwashimthat/whowemetattheschoolgate.

Wasityesterdaythatyoumetyouroldfriendinthesupermarket?

Wasitin1939thattheSecondWorldWarbrokeout.

Whowasitthatbrokethewindow?

Whatisitthatyouwantmetodo?

Itwasnotuntiltenteno’clockthathewenttobed.

Dobecareful!

Hedoesenjoydrawing.

2、倒装

1、全部倒装

方位名词、副词或介词短语位于句首

such位于句首

Eg:

HerecomesthetraintoBeijing.

Ontopofthemountainstandsanancienttemple.

SuchwasAlbertEinstein.

2、部分倒装

1）only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句

Eg:

OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.

Onlyafterthewarlearnedhethesadnews.（×）

Onlyafterthewardidhelearnthesadnews.（√）

Onlywhendidhereturndidwefindoutthetruth.（×）

Onlywhenhereturneddidhefindoutthetruth.（√）

Onlycanheanswerthequestion.（×）

Onlyhecananswerthequestion.（√）

2）表否定意义的副词和介词短语位于句首

Eg:

SeldominmylifehaveImetsodeterminedaperson.

Atnotimeshouldyoutouchitorgetithurt.

NotonlydoIenjoylesssparetime,butIfindmyselfevenbusierthanbefore.

Hardlyhadhebeguntospeakwhenhisfather.

Nosoonerhadsheseenhimthanshesmiled.

3）虚拟条件句中如果有were/had/should,省略if时，were/had/should要提到主语之前。

Eg:

Weretheyherenow,theycouldhelpme.

4）as,though引导让步状语从句，要用倒装。

Eg:

Tiredas/thoughitseems,itistrue.

Tryashemight,hedidn’tpasstheexam.

5）so,neither,nor置于句首

Eg:

Wesawthefilmlastweek.Sodidthey.

Ihaveneverbeenabroad.Neitherhashe.

3、反意疑问句（前肯后否，前否后肯）

1、陈述部分含有must，反意疑问句部分用needn’t;

当含有mustn’t时，反意疑问句部分用must/may

Eg:

Youmustgonow,needn’tyou?

Youmustn’tsmokehere,must/mayyou?

2、陈述部分含有usedto，反意疑问句部分用usedn’t或didn’t

Eg:

Youusedtosleepwiththewindowsopen,usedn’t/didn’tyou?

3、陈述部分含有oughtto,反意疑问句部分用oughtn’t/shouldn’t

Eg:

Heoughttoattendthelecture,oughtn’t/shouldn’the?

4、陈述部分带有宾语从句，疑问部分与主句保持一致

陈述部分的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,imagine时：

①主语是第一人称时，疑问部分与宾语从句主谓保持一致

②主语是第二、三人称时，疑问部分与主句保持一致

Eg:

Shesaidthathewouldcometomybirthdayparty,didn’the?

Idon’tbelievehewillsucceed,willhe?

Tomdoesn’tbelieveJanewillsucceed,doeshe?

5、陈述部分含有否定词或半否定词（seldom,hardly,scarcely,never,few,little,nothing...），疑问部分用肯定。

Eg:

Hecouldhardlywalkwithoutastick,couldhe?

注：

陈述部分含有表“否定”意义的前缀构成的词，反意疑问部分一般用否定式。

Eg:

Tomdislikesplayingtennis,doesn’the?

6、附加问句的主语和陈述部分的主语在人称、数上保持一致的几种情况：

陈述部分主语

附加问句主语

例句

one（指人）

one/he

Onecan’tbecareful,canhe/one?

this/that/these/those

it/they

Thisisn’tafasttrain,isit?

everything/anything..

it

Nothinghappenedtohim,didit?

everybody/everyone..

he/they

Nobodylikestobelaughedat,doeshe/dothey?

不定式、动名词、短语

it

LearningEnglishwellwilltakeusalotoftime,doesn’tit?

therebe句型

there

Therewillberaintomorrow,won’tthere?

7、祈使句的反意疑问句

否定祈使句，+willyou?

肯定祈使句，+will/won’tyou?

Let’s...,+shallwe?

Letus...,+will/won’tyou?

Let+第三人称...,+willyou?

Eg:

Openthedoor,will/won’tyou?

Let’sgooutforawalk,shallwe?

Letusgohomenow,will/won’tyou?

4、主谓一致

1、主谓一致的三条原则

语法一致eg:

Ahouseisananimal.

意义一致eg:

Fivemilesisnotalongdistance.

就近一致eg:

NeithermywifenorIaminterestedinliterature.

2、谓语用单数的情况

1）eitherof,neitherof,oneof,eachof,everyoneof+复数名词作主语，谓语用单数。

Eg:

Neitheroftheanswersisright.

Everyoneofthestudentshasabookinhand.

2）neither/either/every/each/morethanone/manya+单数名词作主语，用and连接的单数名词作主语，前面有each,every,manya,no等，谓语动词用单数，如果是复数主语加each,谓语仍用复数。

Eg:

Noteacherandnostudentisadmitted.

Theoldworkerandtheyoungeachhavetheirowntools.

3）some,any,no,every与body,one,thing构成的复合不定代词作主语，谓语用单数。

Eg:

Nobody/noonewaslateforthemeeting.

Everythinggoeswellwithus.

4）抽象名词、物质名词、不定式、动名词、主语从句充当主语，谓语用单数。

Eg:

TostudyFrenchwellisnoteasy.Sellingfakemedicineisunlawful.

Thatheisbrightisknowntousall.

5）thevarietyof,thenumberof,apairof,anamountof,theamountof,aquantityof（+不可数名词）作主语，谓语用单数。

Eg:

Thenumberofvisitorsisincreasing.

Thetotalamountofmoneyis50dollars.

6）由and连接的两个名词（指同一人、同一物时）作主语，谓语动词用单数。

Eg:

Breadandbutteriswholesomefood.

Thesecretaryandmanagerisworkinginhisofficenow.

7）aportionof/aseriesof/aspeciesof+复数名词作主语，谓语用单数。

Eg:

Alargeportionoftheagriculturalproductsismadeinthisprovince.

Aseriesofrainydaysoftenspoilsoursummervacation.

8）表示重量、度量、衡量、价值的复数名词作主语被看做一个整体。

Eg:

FivehundreddollarsismorethanIcanafford.

Twentymilesseemslikealongwalktomylife.

2、谓语动词用复数的情况

1）afew,both,few,bothof作主语

Eg:

Bothofthemhaveagreedwithme.

Fewofmyfriendswerethere.

2）and,both...and连接两个并列主语指不同的人或物时

Eg:

MyfriendandtheclassmateJaneareintheclassroom.

3）the+形容词表示一类可数的人或物时，谓语用复数形式。

Eg:

Theagedaretobetakencareof.

Theunemployedinthiscityhavebeenofferedjobsnow.

4）agroupof,avarietyof,anumberof,themajorityof+复数名词作主语，谓语用复数

Eg:

Themajorityofhisbooksaresoldinthisstore.

3、谓语动词视具体情况而定：

1）or,either...or,neither...nor,notonly...butalso连接的并列主语，动词一般根据就近一致。

Eg:

Mytwoolderbrothersormyyoungsisterislikelytobeathome.

Neitherthepricesnorthequalityhaschanged.

2）“名词+with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,ratherthan,asmuchas,but,except等+名词”结构作主语，谓语动词的单复数跟第一个名词保持一致。

Eg:

Tomaswellastwoofhisfriendswasinvitedtotheparty.

John,alongwithtwentyfriendsisplanningaparty.

3）集体名词family,people,police,team,group,public等作主语时，要根据主语所指的意义而定，做整体看时用单数，做个体或成员讲时用复数。

Eg:

Theclassconsistsoftwenty-fiveboysandtwentygirls.

Theclassaredoingexperiment.

4）mostof,noneof,allof,plentyof,someof,halfof,therestof,enoughof,thelastof,partof等所修饰的词的单复数以及可数不可数，来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。

Eg:

Therestofthequestionsarenotdifficult.

Halfofthemoneyismine.

5）由“kind（form,type,sort,portion,series）of”，其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数。

Eg:

Thisnewtypeofbusesisnowonshow.

Allkindsofdifficultieshavetobeovercome.

6）分数或百分数+of+名词，谓语动词的单数与名词保持一致。

Eg:

Three-fourthsoftheearth’ssurfaceiscoveredbywater.

Over60percentoftheteachersherearewomen.

7）therebe句型中的主谓一致

Eg:

Thereisavaseonthetable.

Therewerealotoftelephonecallsyesterday.

8）强调句、定语从句中主谓一致

Eg:

ItisIwhoamtoblame.

HeisoneofmystudentswhohasbeentoGermany.

HeistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhohasbeentoGermany.

※真题演练

1._______（catch）themorningtrain,hewouldnothavebeenlateforthemeeting..

2.WasitbecauseJackcamelateforschool_____MrSmithgotangry?

3.Itwastheculture,ratherthantheroadsidebutwasaskedbythepolice.

4.Allweneed_______（be）asmallpieceoflandwherewecanplantvariouskindsoffruittreesthroughoutthegrowingagoodeducation.

5.Thedriverwantedtoparkhiscarneartheroadsidebutwasaskedbythepolice______.

6.Itwaswiththehelpofthelocalguide_______themountainclimberwasrescued.

7.“Neverforasecond,”theboysays,“_______（doubt）thatmyfatherwouldcometomyrescue.”

8.Itwasnotuntilneartheendoftheletter______shementionedherownplan.

9.Notonce_____（occur）toMichaelthathecouldonedaybecomeatopstudentinhisclass.

10.Theuniversityestimatesthatlivingexpensesforinternationalstudents________（be）aaround＄8,450ayear,which______（be）aburdenforsomeofthem.

11.Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,_______（be）invitedtoperformattheopeningceremonyofthe2019TaipeiFlowerExpo.

12.Thebasketballcoach,aswellashisteam,_______（be）interviewedshortlyafterthematchfortheiroutstandingperformance.

13.Allthescientificevidence________（show）thatincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarming______（be）damagingourhealth.

14.Thereislittledoubtinyourmindthatheisinnocent,_______?

15.Theheadmasterwillnotpermitthechangeinthecourse,nor______（give）itathought.

16.Georgesaidthathewouldcometoschooltoseemethenextday,buthe________.

17.Thefactoryused65percentoftherawmaterials,therestofwhich_______（be）savedforother.

18.Thefactthatsomanypeoplestillsmokeinpublicplaces_______（suggest）thatwemayneedanationwidecampaigntoraiseawarenessoftherisksofsmoking.

19.one-thirdofthecountry______（be）coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens_______（be）black.

20.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho_______（wear）eveningdress.

※单句填空

1.Inmostcountries,eitherpaperorotherthingsmadefrommetal_______（be）recycledforfutureuse.

2.Largeamountsofmoney_______（be）spentonthebridge,which_______（expect）tobecompetedthenextmonth.

3.Itisobviousthatabout65percentofthestudents________（be）boys,andpartofthem_______（be）interestedinbiology.

4.Stillmanystudentshaven’trealizedreadingEnglishnewspapers________（be）ofgreathelptotheirEnglishstudy.

5.Yesterday,anexperttogetherwithsomeassistants,______（send）theretohelpthem.

6.Theministerstressedthatundernocircumstances_______（be）thedisabledtobelookeddownupon.

7.WhattheChineseteacherdoesandsays_______（be）ofgreatimportancetostudents.

8.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_______（be）tiredoftheexaminationoneafteranother.

9.Though_______（raise）inabigcity,Peteralwayspreferstopaintthebeautifulscenesofcountrylife.

10.---Anymorerequests,mylittlebird?

---Letmeuseyourmountainbikethisweekend,________?

11.Sonecessary_______I