版新高考英语人教版一轮学案必修5Unit1Greatscientists.docx

版新高考英语人教版一轮学案必修5Unit1Greatscientists.docx

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版新高考英语人教版一轮学案必修5Unit1Greatscientists

□characteristicn.

□paintern.

□analysevt.

□infectvt.

□infectiousadj.

□physiciann.

□deadlyadj.

□outbreakn.

□victimn.

□enquiryn.

□neighbourhoodn.

□severeadj.

□cluen．

□pumpn．&vt.

□investigatevt.&vi.

□investigationn.

□fireworkn.

□chartn.

□creativeadj.

□cooperativeadj.

□revolutionaryadj.

□movementn.

□backwardadv.&adj.

□privatelyadv.

□universen．

1．（2020·浙江卷）Whenmymothersawmycreations，shetoldmehowcreativemydesignswere.作品；创作

2．（2018·全国卷Ⅰ）Oneverysinglemoveyouhavetoanalyzeasituation，processwhatyouropponentisdoingandevaluatethebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.（棋子的）移动；走棋

3．（2016·全国卷Ⅱ）Hisconstructionsfilledashelfintheartclassroomandagoodpartofhisbedroomathome.制成物；作品

4．（全国卷Ⅲ）Attheevents,youcanmeetexpertgrowersanddiscusswhichoneswillbestsuityourconditions.专业的

[单词　拼写·运用]

核心单词

语境运用

1．defeatvt.打败；战胜；使受挫n.失败

2．expertadj.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的

n．专家；行家

3．attendvt.照顾；护理；出席；参加

4．absorbvt.吸收；吸引；使专心

5．blamevt.责备；谴责n．过失；责备

6．linkvt.&n.连接；联系

7．positiveadj.积极的；肯定的；确实的

8．enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的

9．foreseevt.预见；预知

10．handlen．柄；把手vt.处理；操纵

11．curen．治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治疗

12．exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光

13．suspectvt.认为；怀疑

n．被怀疑者；嫌疑犯

用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．（2019·全国卷Ⅱ）Thesekidsaresoabsorbed（absorb）intheirstudiesthatIjustsitback.

2．Suspecting（suspect）thetravellerofcarryingdrugs，theCustomsofficialstoppedhimandlethimopenhissuitcase，butfoundnothingatall.

3．Fewanalystsforesaw（foresee）thatoilpriceswouldrisesoquicklyinashorttime.

4．Hesaidhewasenthusiastic（enthusiasm）aboutChineseandaskedmetofindhimsomebooksspeciallyintendedforChinesebeginners.

派生单词

语境运用

1．challengen．挑战vt.向……挑战→challengingadj.挑战性的

2．cautionn．小心；警告→cautiousadj.小心的；谨慎的

3．pollutevt.污染；弄脏→pollutionn．污染

4．instructvt.命令；指示；教导→instructionn．说明；传授→instructions（pl.）用法说明；指示；命令

5．concludevt.&vi.结束；推断出→conclusionn．结论；结束

6．contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助；投稿→contributionn．贡献

7．rejectvt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃→rejectionn．拒绝；抛弃

8．sciencen．科学→scientificadj.科学的→scientistn．科学家

9．announcevt.宣布；通告→announcementn．通知；宣告

10．certainadj.确实的；肯定的→certaintyn．确信；确实→certainlyadv.确定；肯定

11．constructvt.建设；修建→constructionn．建设；建筑物

12．responsibleadj.有责任的；负责的→responsibilityn．责任；负责

用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．Itwasconcludedthathedidn'ttellusthetruth.Icametotheconclusionthathelied.（conclude）

2．Shehascontributedalotofmoneytotheschoolandshehasmadeagreatcontributiontoeducation.（contribute）

3．ThegreatbridgeunderconstructionisdesignedbyChineseengineersanditwilltakeaboutayeartoconstructthelargebridge.（construct）

4．IwasboredwithmyjobandfeltIneededanewchallenge．LastweekIgotanewjobinabigfirm,andIfounditverychallenging．（challenge）

5．Inclass,ourEnglishteacherofteninstructsustoimproveourreadingabilityandhisinstructionmakesadifferencetoourEnglishlearning.（instruct）

6．Theriverispollutedandnoiseisanotherkindofseriouspollutionhere.（pollute）

[短语　理解·运用]

高频短语

语境运用

1．putforward提出

2．drawaconclusion得出结论

3．beenthusiasticabout对……热心；热衷于

4．makesense讲得通；有意义

5．（be）strictwith...对……严格的

6．slowdown慢下来

7．apartfrom除……之外；此外

8．link...to...将……和……联系起来

9．underconstruction在建设中

10．becautiousabout小心……

填入一个适当的词。

Anopinionwasput①forwardtwoyearsagothatabridgebebuilttolinkthisisland②tothemainland.Butsomeexpertswarnedthelocalgovernmenttobecautious③aboutthepotentialrisks,addingthat④itmadelittlesensetospendalargesumofmoneymakingsuchabridge.However,theislanderswereenthusiastic⑤abouttheopinion.Thebridgecouldpromotethelocaleconomyapart⑥fromtheconvenienceitwouldbringtothem.Nowthebridgeis⑦underconstruction,butthebuildersarerequiredtoslow⑧downtheconstructionspeechtomakesureeverydetailisperfect.

[句式　辨识·运用]

教材原句背诵

句式结构仿写

1．everytime作连词，引导时间状语从句

Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.

每次在一天结束时他回到家，我们都在门口迎接他。

Everytimehearrivedhomeattheendoftheday，we'dgreethimatthedoor.

2．havesth.done使某事被做……

Awoman，whohadmovedawayfromBroadStreet，likedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.

别担心，他将会尽力按时完成工作的。

Thereisnoneedtoworry.Hewilltrytohavehisworkfinishedontime.

3．only＋状语从句置于句首的倒装句

Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.

只有你找到内心的平静你才能和他人相处得好。

Onlywhenyoucanfindpeaceinyourheartwillyougeton/alongwellwithothers.

1．concludevt.&vi.断定；推断出；结束；终止

（1）conclude

从……中推断出……

conclude...with...以……结束……

（2）conclusionn．结论；结束

draw/cometo/arriveat/reachaconclusion得出结论

makeaconclusion下结论

inconclusion最后；作为结论地；总之

concludeabargain成交；达成协议

concludehisspeechbywishingeveryoneasafetriphome

他以祝大家归途平安结束了讲话

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsend,makesuretoconcludeitwithimportantpoints.

②Inconclusion,Ilikeeverythinginspring,especiallythefeelingsbathedintherainandsunshine.

③（2019·全国卷Ⅰ）Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion（conclude）,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.

[链接写作]——一句多译

（2019·北京卷·满分作文）我从我自己的经历中得出结论：

用自己的双手劳动很重要。

①Idrew/cameto/reachedaconclusionfrommyownexperiencesthatitisimportanttoworkwithourownhands.（conclusion）

②Iconcludedfrommyownexperiencesthatitisimportanttoworkwithourownhands.（conclude）

2．exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面临

expose...to...使……显露/暴露于/接触到……

（be）exposedto...暴露于……；处于……危险中

exposeoneselftocriticism使自己遭受批评

beexposedtothewindandrain任由风吹雨打

exposethekidstoasmuchartandcultureaspossible

让孩子尽量多地接受艺术和文化的熏陶

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①Iamrepeatedlyexposedtothebasicwordsandlearnhowtheyareusedtoexplainobjectsandideas.

②Ifexposed（expose）totheoutsidesurroundings，they'llbestrongerandbetterpreparedfortheirfuture.

③a．Beingexposed/Exposure（expose）toadvertisementsconstantlycanhelptochangeouropinionsovertime.

b．Exposing（expose）ourselvestoadvertisementsconstantlycanhelptochangeouropinionsovertime.

[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级

①（普通表达）Ifyouexposeyourselfto（把自己暴露在）thesunlightfortoolong,youwillgetyourskinharmed.

②（高级表达）Exposingyourselftothesunlightfortoolong,youwillgetyourskinharmed.（现在分词短语作状语）

③（高级表达）Exposedtothesunlightfortoolong,youwillgetyourskinharmed.（过去分词短语作状语）

3．absorbvt.吸收；吸引；使专心；并入，吞并；理解，掌握

[高考原句·2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker'smessage.

（1）absorbone'sattention吸引某人的注意力

（2）absorbedadj.精神集中的

beabsorbedin专心致志于；全神贯注于

（3）absorbingadj.十分吸引人的；引人入胜的

absorbknowledge吸收知识

absorblightandheat吸收光和热

bedeeplyabsorbedinwork专注于工作

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①Whensomethingdidinterestme,Icouldbecomeabsorbed（absorb）．

②Goaroundthehall，andyou'llfindotherexhibitsequallyabsorbing（absorb）．

③Whendeeplyabsorbed（absorb）inwork,whichheoftenwas,hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.

[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级

①（普通表达）Tomwasabsorbedinhiswork（工作很投入）,soheforgottoinformmeofthetimeofthemeeting.

②（高级表达）Absorbinghimselfinhiswork,Tomforgottoinformmeofthetimeofthemeeting.（现在分词短语作状语）

③（高级表达）Absorbedinhiswork,Tomforgottoinformmeofthetimeofthemeeting.（过去分词短语作状语）

[名师点津]　beabsorbedinsth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbedin...。

类似的结构还有：

belostin...陷入……，专心致志于……；becaughtin...被困在……；beburiedin...埋头于……；bedevotedto...致力于……，专心于……；beoccupiedin/with...忙于……；beinvolvedin...专注于……。

4．blamevt.责备；谴责；把……归咎于n．过失；责备

[高考原句·2019·北京卷]Whoistoblamefortheproblemofrobocalls?

（1）blamesb.forsth.因某事而责备某人

blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人身上

betoblame（for...）应承担责任；该受责备

（2）taketheblamefor...＝beresponsiblefor...对……负责

puttheblameforsth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人身上

beartheblame承担责任

blamemyselfforcarelessness责备自己粗心大意

blamethefailureonothers把失败归咎于他人

blametheaccidentondangerousdriving

把事故原因归咎于危险驾驶

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①Onceyouformthehabitofblamingsomebodyorsomethingelseforabadsituation,youarealoser.

②Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.

③Itwastheprofessorratherthanhisassistantthatwastoblame（blame）forwhathadhappenedinthelab.

[链接写作]——一句多译

因为学校电脑网络的崩溃被指责，Alice的情绪很低落。

①Alicewasinlowspiritsbecauseshewasblamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork.（状语从句）

②Blamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.（过去分词短语作状语）

[名师点津]　betoblameforsth.意为“应为某事负责或受指责”，其中不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。

5．contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助；导致；投稿

[高考原句·2019·浙江卷]Manyfactorscontributedtothedecline,saidPatrickMcIntyre,anecologistwhowastheleadauthorofthestudy.

（1）contributeto有助于；促成；为……做贡献

contribute...to/towards...向……捐献……；向……投稿

（2）contributionn.贡献

makeacontributionto/makecontributionsto

对……做出贡献

contributemoneytotheschool为学校捐款

contributeone'sshare尽自己的一份力量

contributeanumberofarticlestothemagazine

给这家杂志投了很多稿

thecontributionofmoneytocharity慈善捐款

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①（2020·天津卷）...lonelinessisaserioussocialproblemthatcancontributetodepressionandevencrimes...

②Itismoremeaningfultocontributebooksandsportsgoodstochildreninneed.

③（2020·江苏卷）Wilsonreceivedseveralinternationalawardsforhisgreatcontributions（contribute）.

[链接写作]——完成句子/句式升级

①（普通表达）Hemadesuchagreatcontributionto（做出如此大的贡献）theuniversitythatthenewlibrarywasnamedafterhim.

②（高级表达）Suchagreatcontributiondidhemaketotheuniversitythatthenewlibrarywasnamedafterhim.（倒装句）

6．putforward提出（建议）；推荐；将……提前；将（钟表等）向前拨

putaside节省；储蓄；储存；留出

putaway放好；积蓄

putoff延期；推