工业设计包豪斯设计外文翻译.doc

工业设计包豪斯设计外文翻译.doc

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荆楚理工学院本科毕业设计（外文翻译）

JINGCHUUNIVERSITYOFTECHNOLOGY

毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译

译文题目德国包豪斯设计与未来设计趋势

专业工业设计班级1班

姓名朱灿学号2011403030123

指导教师郭庆

机械工程学院

GermanyBauhausdesignandFutureDesignTrend

【Abstract】

GermanBauhaushadasignificantinfluenceonthemoderndesigneducation,meanwhile,itestablishedthefoundationoftheleadingpositionintheworldforGermanindustrialdesign.Throughanalyzingoncurrentindustrialdesignconditionsfromdifferentcountries,artdesignisconsideredasthemainpartofindustrialdesign.Thispaperreviewedthelast10years’developmentofindustrialdesignprograminZhejiangUniversityofScienceandTechnology.Theindustrialdesignprogramhavetakenconsiderableachievementsinmanyfields,suchasthepracticeofGermanymodel,disciplinesconstruction,teachingreform,manufactures&collegecooperation,projectteachinganddesigncompetitions.AndYoucannotignoretheindustrialdesigntentrend

【Keywords】Bauhaus,industrialdesign,projectteaching,practice，10IndustrialDesignTrends

1.GermanBauhausandindustrialdesign

In1919,theBauhausschoolhadbeenbuiltinWeimar,Germany.Thishavebeencalledthe“cradleofworldindustrialdesign”,themilestoneintheartdesignhistory.Bauhausbelievedthattheforemostthingislettingthestudentsexploretheirowndesignways,ratherthanjustteachingthemtheteachers’ways;developingstudents’independentandcriticalthinkingabilityratherthanimposingcertaindesignstylesonthem.Comparedwithotherdesignschoolsthathadsimilareducationphilosophies,Bauhaushaddistinctiveeducationphilosophy.Ittookthoroughreformonthetraditionalartdesigneducationsystemandestablishedartdesignasanewprofessionaldiscipline.Meanwhile,WalterGropius,thefounderofBauhausmade“Unityofartandtechnology”asthedominantdesigneducationphilosophy.

OneofBauhausinitiativeworksispurifyingtheformsofgeneralindustrialproducts.Bauhausstressedthattheproductformsshouldbedesignedbasedonbasicgeometricpatternssuchascubes,squaresandcircles.Theproductformsandoutlinesshouldbesimpleandvariedindifferentwaysandfollowabstractformprinciplesandaesthetics.BecauseBauhaus’sbraveandaggressiveexploringandreform,ittooksignificantkeyinfluenceontheformingofModernismArtStyleandmadetheBauhausdesignaworld-widereputation.ThereforeBauhausbecamethemilestoneofmodernartdesignhistory.

AmericanartistJosephSinelfirstmentionedthetermofIndustrialdesignin1919.HoweverinChina,until1983,theMinistryofEducationhadconformedindustrialdesigndisciplineasthesamplemajorofgeneralcolleges.Theoriginalnameofthemajoris“ProductForming”forartstudents.In1998thenationalmajorcategoryhadbeenadjustedtobeintegratedintotheinternationalconventions.The“Productforming”majorhadremovedthefocusfromtheproductformstotheareaofresearchingthehuman-product-environmentrelationships.Thenamehadbeenreplacedby“Industrialdesign”andthemajorhadbeensetforbothengineeringandarteducationschools.

BauhaushadmanytopEuropeanartistsatthattime,suchasItten,Kandinsky,andKleeetc.Theyarefamousabstractpainters.TheirteachingcultivatedtheBauhausstudentsandcontributedtothe20’scenturyartdesign.MostoffamousindustrialdesignerssuchasPhilippeStarck,MarcNewsonandyvesbéhararegraduatedfromtheartdesignschools.Theirsuccessprovedthattheartdesigneducationiseffectiveforindustrialdesigneducation.Theproductformdesignisstillanimportantaspectinundergraduateindustrialdesignstudiesandtheindustrialdesignisanimportantcomponentofcurrentfamousartdesignschools.

RoyalCollegeofArtNorwegianInstituteofArtandDesignUniversityofDuisburg-Essen,PolitecnicodiMilano,HannoverUniversityofAppliedSciencesandArts（FHHannover）,theirindustrialdesigndepartmentsarebelongtoartanddesignschools.

America:

AccordingtoasurveyofIDSA（TheIndustrialDesignersSocietyofAmerica）in1998,thereare49institutesthathaveindustrialdesignundergraduateorgraduateprogramsregisteredinIDSAlist.Typicalindustrialdesignmajorsusuallyaresetinartschools,whichcangrantbachelordegreeinfineartsorscience.MostofthemgotthecertificationofNASAD（NationalAssociationofSchoolsofArtandDesign）.Only15inthe49schoolsdidnotgetthecertification.IDSAdeclaredthat5yearslater,onlythecertifiedtheindustrialdesignmajorscangetberecognized.Thereare37industrialdesignmajorsinuniversities,6indesigncolleges,4inartschools.Thissituationdidnotvaryincurrentyears.

Asia:

InJap