小学英语介词总结70567.docx

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小学英语介词总结70567.docx

小学英语介词总结70567

小学英语介词总结

介词(Preposition)

一、概述

介词是英语中很活跃的词,一般置于名词之前。

它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。

同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配,表示不同意义。

二、常用介词的基本用法

at

①表示时间:

Igotoschoolatseveneveryday我每天早上7点去上学。

②表示在某一具体地点:

Heisstandingatthebusstop他站在公共汽车站。

③表示动作的方向、目标:

Letmehavealookatthepicture让我看看这幅图。

④用于某些固定搭配:

atonce立刻、马上atlast最后

atthesametime同时atfirst开始时

notatall一点也不

about

①表示大约时间:

I'saboutsixo'clocknow.现在大约6点钟了。

②表示地点;在……周围:

Everthingaboutmeissobeautiful我周围的一切都那么美好。

③关于,对于:

Wearetalkingaboutthenews.我们正在谈论新闻。

after

①在……之后:

AfterdinnerIwatchTV.晚饭后我看电视。

②在……后面:

Hecameintotheroomafterme.他在我后面进了房间。

behind

①在……之后:

Thereisabikebehindthetree.树后有一辆自行车

②比……晚,迟于:

Thetrainisbehindtime.火车晚点了

by

①在……旁:

Heissittingbythebed.他正坐在床边。

②到……时候:

WehavelearnedthreeEnglishsongsbynow.到现在为止,我们已经学会了三首英文歌曲。

③以……方式:

Igotoschoolbybus.我乘公共汽车去上学。

④用于某些固定搭配:

onebyone一个接一个bytheway顺便说一句

for

①为,给,替:

I'llmakeacardformyteacher.我要给老师做张卡片。

②由于:

Thankyouforhelpingme.谢谢你帮我。

③表示给(某人)用的:

Thereisletterforyou.这儿有你一封信。

in

①在……里面:

Thepencilisinthedesk.铅笔在课桌里。

②在一段时间里:

Wehavefourclassesinthemorning.我们上午有四节课。

③用,以:

What'sthisinEnglish?

这用英语怎么说?

④在某一年份,季节,月份:

in2002,inspring,inJanuary

⑤表示状态,服饰:

Helenisinyellow.海伦身穿黄色衣服。

⑥在……方面:

HeisweakinEnglish.他的英语不行。

⑦用于某些固定搭配:

infrontof在……前面

intheend最后

intime及时

like

①像……样:

Helookslikehisfather.他像他的父亲。

②这样,那样:

Don'tlookatmelikethat.别那样看着我。

③怎样:

What'stheweatherlike?

天气怎样。

near

靠近,在……附近:

Mybedisnearthewindow.我的床在窗户旁。

of

①的(表示所属关系):

Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.这是一张我家的照片。

②……的(用于所有格):

Heisafriendofmine.他是我的一个朋友。

③表示数量(与连词连用):

OneofusisfromBeijing.我们中有一个来自北京

④想到,谈到:

Ioftenthinkofthem.我常常想到他们。

⑤用于某些固定搭配:

ofcourse当然

becauseof因为,由于

on

①在……上面:

Therearesomeappleonthetree.树上有些苹果。

②在(星期)天,在某天的上午(下午,晚上):

TheygotoEnglishclassonSunday.星期天他们去上英语课。

IleftBeijingonthemorningofMay1.我在5月1日早上离开北京。

③用于某些固定搭配:

onduty值日ontime准时

over

①在……正上方:

Thereisalampoverthetable.桌子上方有一盏灯。

②遍及,穿过:

Thereisabridgeovertheriver.有座桥横跨那条河。

③超过,不止:

Sheisalittleover2.她两岁多了。

to

①到,往,向:

Hewalkstothewindow.他走向窗户。

②表示时间、数量,

到……为止Pleasecountfromtentothirty.请从10数到30.

③向,对,给:

HappyNewYeartoyouall.大家新年好。

under

What'sunderyourdesk?

你书桌底下是什么?

with

①和,写:

Couldyougohomewithme?

你能和我一起回家吗?

②表示伴随状态,带有:

Who'sthatgirlwithglasses?

那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁?

三、介词的固定搭配

1)介词和名词的连用2)动词和介词的连用

atarriveat/in到达

atfirst起初;开始getoff下车

atlast最后helpsb.Withsth.帮组某人做某事

atschool在上课,在上学askfor请求

atthemoment此刻getup起床

athome在家;无拘束laughat嘲笑

atpresent现在learnfrom向……学习

atwork上班,在工作lookafter照顾

atthesametime同时lookfor寻找

thinkfor想到

onworryabout担心

onduty值日listento听

onholiday度假lookat看;注视

ontime准时talkabout交谈;谈

ontheleft/right在左/右边waitfor等候;等

ontheradio在广播中thankfor为……而感谢

onfoot步行

onsale出售;降价出售3)形容词和介词连用

onTV在电视上播放beafraidof害怕

onthephone在电话中becarefulwith小心;关心

ontheway在路上beinterestedin对……感兴趣

begoodat善于

inbeproudof感到自豪

inall总体becrazyabout酷爱

inclass在课堂上belatefor干某事迟到

inEnglish用英语begoodfor对……有利

inshort总之4)其他

inahurry匆忙地by+交通工具

intheend最后bybus/train/plane/air/ship/bike/sea/land…

inbed躺在床上lotsof/alotof许多,大量

indanger在危险中atmost至多

infact事实上atleast至少

intime及时地atonce立刻;马上

inaminute立刻inorderto为了

介词练习A

()1.___theafternoonofMay,wevisitedtheoldman.

A.OnB.AtC.In

()2.Manypeoplework___thedayandsleep___night.

A.on;atB.in;inC.in;at

()3.HespeaksJapanesebest____theboystudents.

A.betweenB.withC.among

()4.Awolf___asheepskinisourdangerousenemy.

A.withB.inC.on

()5.Joanhopestocomeback___threedays.

A.afterB.forC.in

()6.Theysentthelettertome___mistake.

A.byB.forC.with

()7.Helefthome___acoldwinterevening.

A.atB.onC.in

()8.Shanghaiis____theeastofChina.

A.inB.onC.to

()9.____myfather’shelp,Ihavefinishedmycomposition.

A.UnderB.OnC.with

()10.He’sverystrict____himselfandhe’sverystrict___hiswork.

A.with;inB.in;withC.with;with

()11.Ireallycan’tagree____you.

A.toB.onC.with

()12.Theshopwon’topen___nineinthemorning.

A.untilB.atC.during

()13.Howabout___theflowersnow?

A.wateringB.arewatering

C.watered

()14.Shespentallhismoney___books.

A.inB.withC.on

()15.Theyaretalking___lowvoices.

A.withB.inC.on

()16.It’sverykind___youtohelpus.

A.forB.toC.of

()17.Whatwillyouhave___breakfastthismorning?

A.withB.forC.by

()18.Aplaneisflying____thecity.

A.onB.overC.above

()19.Youarefreetospeak___themeeting.

A.atB.inC.on

()20.Mr.GreenwillstayinChina___Friday.

A.toB.onC.till

()21.It’swrongtoplayjokes___otherpeople.

A.onB.ofC.with

()22.Whichcolordoyoulike?

Ipreferblue___red.

A.forB.asC.to

()23.Thestudentwillgiveusatalk___howtouseoursparetime.

A.forB.onC.in

()24.Ipaidtwohundredyuan___thatkindofbicycle.

A.inB.forC.on

()25.Thedoctorisverykind___hispatients

A.toB.onC.at

()26.Wecan’tlive___air.

A.inB.withC.without

()27.Thechildwasafraid___thestrangesound.

A.atB.forC.of

()28.Hewasveryangry___herforbeinglate.

A.forB.withC.at

()29.Whatdoyouthink___theplay?

A.aboutB.likeC.of

()30.Ithinkit’stherightwaytoworkouttheproblem,butIamnot

sure_____it.

A.doB.aboutC.of

()31.Reading___thesunisn’tgood___you

A.under;forB.in;forC.in;to

()32.Iwon’taskaboutit,I’mgoingtoseeit____myowneyes.

A.byB.forC.with

()33.Wegotoschooleveryday____Sunday.

A.exceptB.withoutC.on

()34.Thereisasmallriver___thetwotowns

A.inB.betweenC.among

()35.LiLeisometimesfallsasleep___thelesson.

A.forB.throughC.during

()36.Mr.BlackwenttoParis___afewdays.

A.forB.inC.after

()37.Theywillleave________Londonnextmonth.

A.toB.fromC.for

()38.Areyougoingtothezoo___busor___mycar?

A.on;byB.by;inC.on;in

()39.Hewokeupseveraltimes___thenight

A.inB.atC.on

()40.WetraveledovernighttoParisandarrived_______5o’clock______themorning.

A.on;inB.at;inC.at;onD.in;on

()41.Where’sLily?

Weareallhere_______her.

A.besideB.aboutC.exceptD.with

()42.Shesentherfriendapostcard_______abirthdaypresent.

A.onB.asC.forD.

()43.JackhasstudiedChineseinthisschool______theyearof2000.

A.sinceB.inC.onD.by

()44.---Whatisawritingbrush,doyouknow?

---It’s_______writinganddrawing.

A.withB.toC.forD.by

()45.Englishiswidelyused______travellersandbusinesspeopleallovertheworld.

A.toB.forC.asD.by

()46._____thehelpofmyteacher,Icaughtupwiththeotherstudents.

A.UnderB.InC.WithD.On

()47.HongKongis______thesouthofChina,andMacaois______

thewestofHongKong.

A.in;toB.to;toC.to;inD.in;in

()48.---You’dbetternotgooutnow.It’sraining.

---Itdoesn’tmatter.Mynewcoatcankeep______rain.

A.inB.ofC.withD.off

()49.Therearemanyapples___thetree.Abird___thetreeispickinganapple.

A.in;onB.on;inC.in;at

()50.“Whoareyougoingtoplay____?

”“GradeTwo.”

A.aboutB.byC.against

B

一、选用括号内恰当的介词填空。

1.What’sthis______(at,on,in)English?

2.Christmasis______(at,on,in)the25thofDecember.

3.Theman______(with,on,in)blackisSuHai’sfather.

4.Hedoesn’tdowell______(at,on,in)PE.

5.Lookatthosebirds______(on,in)thetree.

6.Wearegoingtomeet______(at,on,in)thebusstop(at,on,in)halfpastten.

7.Isthereacat______(under,behind,in)thedoor?

8.Helen’swritingpaperis______(in,infrontof)hercomputer.

9.Welive______(at,on,in)anewhousenow.

10.Doesitoftenrain______(at,on,in)springthere?

二、圈出下列句子中运用不恰当的介词,将正确的答案写在横线上。

1.JimisgoodinEnglishandMaths.

2.HowmanystudentshavetheirbirthdayonMay?

3.Theyaretalkingtotheirplans.

4.Thefilmswereinthegroundjustnow.

5.Women’sDayisatthethirdofMarch.

6.IusuallytakephotosinSundaymorning.

7.WhatdidyoudoontheSpringFestival?

8.CanyoucomeandhelpmeonmyEnglish?

9.Didyouwatertreesatthefarm?

10.Icanjogtoschoolonthemorning.

C

1\thefirstday________school2\________theschoolplayground

3\_________classes4\_________Wednesday

5\__________afarm6\pull_________carrots

7\alot_______fruittrees8\live_________atown

9\________theweekends12\look_______them

10\_________thesittingroom11\________the4th______November

13\_________theplayground14\_______theschoolhall

15\________NewYear16\talk_______hisstudents_______holidays

17\_________ChristmasDay18\haveabiglunch_________myfamily

19\dress________________costumes24\__________MumandDad.

20\_________SeptemberorOctober21\________hisgrandpa’shouse

22\_________theChristmastree23\________me30\abook________holidays

25\_________English26\________Christmas27\play________lanterns

28\________ChristmasDay29\thenames_______theday

 

参考答案:

A

ACCBCABACACAACBCBCACACBBACCBCBBCABCACBABCBACDCADBC

答案B

1.in

2.on

3.in

4.in

5.on

6.atat

7.behind

8.infrontof

9.in

10.in

答案C

1\thefirstday(of)school

2\(in)theschoolplayground

3\(in)classes

4\(on)Wednesday

5\(on)afarm

6\pull(up

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