小学英语介词总结70567.docx
《小学英语介词总结70567.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《小学英语介词总结70567.docx(14页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
小学英语介词总结70567
小学英语介词总结
介词(Preposition)
一、概述
介词是英语中很活跃的词,一般置于名词之前。
它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。
同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配,表示不同意义。
二、常用介词的基本用法
at
①表示时间:
Igotoschoolatseveneveryday我每天早上7点去上学。
②表示在某一具体地点:
Heisstandingatthebusstop他站在公共汽车站。
③表示动作的方向、目标:
Letmehavealookatthepicture让我看看这幅图。
④用于某些固定搭配:
atonce立刻、马上atlast最后
atthesametime同时atfirst开始时
notatall一点也不
about
①表示大约时间:
I'saboutsixo'clocknow.现在大约6点钟了。
②表示地点;在……周围:
Everthingaboutmeissobeautiful我周围的一切都那么美好。
③关于,对于:
Wearetalkingaboutthenews.我们正在谈论新闻。
after
①在……之后:
AfterdinnerIwatchTV.晚饭后我看电视。
②在……后面:
Hecameintotheroomafterme.他在我后面进了房间。
behind
①在……之后:
Thereisabikebehindthetree.树后有一辆自行车
②比……晚,迟于:
Thetrainisbehindtime.火车晚点了
by
①在……旁:
Heissittingbythebed.他正坐在床边。
②到……时候:
WehavelearnedthreeEnglishsongsbynow.到现在为止,我们已经学会了三首英文歌曲。
③以……方式:
Igotoschoolbybus.我乘公共汽车去上学。
④用于某些固定搭配:
onebyone一个接一个bytheway顺便说一句
for
①为,给,替:
I'llmakeacardformyteacher.我要给老师做张卡片。
②由于:
Thankyouforhelpingme.谢谢你帮我。
③表示给(某人)用的:
Thereisletterforyou.这儿有你一封信。
in
①在……里面:
Thepencilisinthedesk.铅笔在课桌里。
②在一段时间里:
Wehavefourclassesinthemorning.我们上午有四节课。
③用,以:
What'sthisinEnglish?
这用英语怎么说?
④在某一年份,季节,月份:
in2002,inspring,inJanuary
⑤表示状态,服饰:
Helenisinyellow.海伦身穿黄色衣服。
⑥在……方面:
HeisweakinEnglish.他的英语不行。
⑦用于某些固定搭配:
infrontof在……前面
intheend最后
intime及时
like
①像……样:
Helookslikehisfather.他像他的父亲。
②这样,那样:
Don'tlookatmelikethat.别那样看着我。
③怎样:
What'stheweatherlike?
天气怎样。
near
靠近,在……附近:
Mybedisnearthewindow.我的床在窗户旁。
of
①的(表示所属关系):
Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.这是一张我家的照片。
②……的(用于所有格):
Heisafriendofmine.他是我的一个朋友。
③表示数量(与连词连用):
OneofusisfromBeijing.我们中有一个来自北京
④想到,谈到:
Ioftenthinkofthem.我常常想到他们。
⑤用于某些固定搭配:
ofcourse当然
becauseof因为,由于
on
①在……上面:
Therearesomeappleonthetree.树上有些苹果。
②在(星期)天,在某天的上午(下午,晚上):
TheygotoEnglishclassonSunday.星期天他们去上英语课。
IleftBeijingonthemorningofMay1.我在5月1日早上离开北京。
③用于某些固定搭配:
onduty值日ontime准时
over
①在……正上方:
Thereisalampoverthetable.桌子上方有一盏灯。
②遍及,穿过:
Thereisabridgeovertheriver.有座桥横跨那条河。
③超过,不止:
Sheisalittleover2.她两岁多了。
to
①到,往,向:
Hewalkstothewindow.他走向窗户。
②表示时间、数量,
到……为止Pleasecountfromtentothirty.请从10数到30.
③向,对,给:
HappyNewYeartoyouall.大家新年好。
under
What'sunderyourdesk?
你书桌底下是什么?
with
①和,写:
Couldyougohomewithme?
你能和我一起回家吗?
②表示伴随状态,带有:
Who'sthatgirlwithglasses?
那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁?
三、介词的固定搭配
1)介词和名词的连用2)动词和介词的连用
atarriveat/in到达
atfirst起初;开始getoff下车
atlast最后helpsb.Withsth.帮组某人做某事
atschool在上课,在上学askfor请求
atthemoment此刻getup起床
athome在家;无拘束laughat嘲笑
atpresent现在learnfrom向……学习
atwork上班,在工作lookafter照顾
atthesametime同时lookfor寻找
thinkfor想到
onworryabout担心
onduty值日listento听
onholiday度假lookat看;注视
ontime准时talkabout交谈;谈
ontheleft/right在左/右边waitfor等候;等
ontheradio在广播中thankfor为……而感谢
onfoot步行
onsale出售;降价出售3)形容词和介词连用
onTV在电视上播放beafraidof害怕
onthephone在电话中becarefulwith小心;关心
ontheway在路上beinterestedin对……感兴趣
begoodat善于
inbeproudof感到自豪
inall总体becrazyabout酷爱
inclass在课堂上belatefor干某事迟到
inEnglish用英语begoodfor对……有利
inshort总之4)其他
inahurry匆忙地by+交通工具
intheend最后bybus/train/plane/air/ship/bike/sea/land…
inbed躺在床上lotsof/alotof许多,大量
indanger在危险中atmost至多
infact事实上atleast至少
intime及时地atonce立刻;马上
inaminute立刻inorderto为了
介词练习A
()1.___theafternoonofMay,wevisitedtheoldman.
A.OnB.AtC.In
()2.Manypeoplework___thedayandsleep___night.
A.on;atB.in;inC.in;at
()3.HespeaksJapanesebest____theboystudents.
A.betweenB.withC.among
()4.Awolf___asheepskinisourdangerousenemy.
A.withB.inC.on
()5.Joanhopestocomeback___threedays.
A.afterB.forC.in
()6.Theysentthelettertome___mistake.
A.byB.forC.with
()7.Helefthome___acoldwinterevening.
A.atB.onC.in
()8.Shanghaiis____theeastofChina.
A.inB.onC.to
()9.____myfather’shelp,Ihavefinishedmycomposition.
A.UnderB.OnC.with
()10.He’sverystrict____himselfandhe’sverystrict___hiswork.
A.with;inB.in;withC.with;with
()11.Ireallycan’tagree____you.
A.toB.onC.with
()12.Theshopwon’topen___nineinthemorning.
A.untilB.atC.during
()13.Howabout___theflowersnow?
A.wateringB.arewatering
C.watered
()14.Shespentallhismoney___books.
A.inB.withC.on
()15.Theyaretalking___lowvoices.
A.withB.inC.on
()16.It’sverykind___youtohelpus.
A.forB.toC.of
()17.Whatwillyouhave___breakfastthismorning?
A.withB.forC.by
()18.Aplaneisflying____thecity.
A.onB.overC.above
()19.Youarefreetospeak___themeeting.
A.atB.inC.on
()20.Mr.GreenwillstayinChina___Friday.
A.toB.onC.till
()21.It’swrongtoplayjokes___otherpeople.
A.onB.ofC.with
()22.Whichcolordoyoulike?
Ipreferblue___red.
A.forB.asC.to
()23.Thestudentwillgiveusatalk___howtouseoursparetime.
A.forB.onC.in
()24.Ipaidtwohundredyuan___thatkindofbicycle.
A.inB.forC.on
()25.Thedoctorisverykind___hispatients
A.toB.onC.at
()26.Wecan’tlive___air.
A.inB.withC.without
()27.Thechildwasafraid___thestrangesound.
A.atB.forC.of
()28.Hewasveryangry___herforbeinglate.
A.forB.withC.at
()29.Whatdoyouthink___theplay?
A.aboutB.likeC.of
()30.Ithinkit’stherightwaytoworkouttheproblem,butIamnot
sure_____it.
A.doB.aboutC.of
()31.Reading___thesunisn’tgood___you
A.under;forB.in;forC.in;to
()32.Iwon’taskaboutit,I’mgoingtoseeit____myowneyes.
A.byB.forC.with
()33.Wegotoschooleveryday____Sunday.
A.exceptB.withoutC.on
()34.Thereisasmallriver___thetwotowns
A.inB.betweenC.among
()35.LiLeisometimesfallsasleep___thelesson.
A.forB.throughC.during
()36.Mr.BlackwenttoParis___afewdays.
A.forB.inC.after
()37.Theywillleave________Londonnextmonth.
A.toB.fromC.for
()38.Areyougoingtothezoo___busor___mycar?
A.on;byB.by;inC.on;in
()39.Hewokeupseveraltimes___thenight
A.inB.atC.on
()40.WetraveledovernighttoParisandarrived_______5o’clock______themorning.
A.on;inB.at;inC.at;onD.in;on
()41.Where’sLily?
Weareallhere_______her.
A.besideB.aboutC.exceptD.with
()42.Shesentherfriendapostcard_______abirthdaypresent.
A.onB.asC.forD.
()43.JackhasstudiedChineseinthisschool______theyearof2000.
A.sinceB.inC.onD.by
()44.---Whatisawritingbrush,doyouknow?
---It’s_______writinganddrawing.
A.withB.toC.forD.by
()45.Englishiswidelyused______travellersandbusinesspeopleallovertheworld.
A.toB.forC.asD.by
()46._____thehelpofmyteacher,Icaughtupwiththeotherstudents.
A.UnderB.InC.WithD.On
()47.HongKongis______thesouthofChina,andMacaois______
thewestofHongKong.
A.in;toB.to;toC.to;inD.in;in
()48.---You’dbetternotgooutnow.It’sraining.
---Itdoesn’tmatter.Mynewcoatcankeep______rain.
A.inB.ofC.withD.off
()49.Therearemanyapples___thetree.Abird___thetreeispickinganapple.
A.in;onB.on;inC.in;at
()50.“Whoareyougoingtoplay____?
”“GradeTwo.”
A.aboutB.byC.against
B
一、选用括号内恰当的介词填空。
1.What’sthis______(at,on,in)English?
2.Christmasis______(at,on,in)the25thofDecember.
3.Theman______(with,on,in)blackisSuHai’sfather.
4.Hedoesn’tdowell______(at,on,in)PE.
5.Lookatthosebirds______(on,in)thetree.
6.Wearegoingtomeet______(at,on,in)thebusstop(at,on,in)halfpastten.
7.Isthereacat______(under,behind,in)thedoor?
8.Helen’swritingpaperis______(in,infrontof)hercomputer.
9.Welive______(at,on,in)anewhousenow.
10.Doesitoftenrain______(at,on,in)springthere?
二、圈出下列句子中运用不恰当的介词,将正确的答案写在横线上。
1.JimisgoodinEnglishandMaths.
2.HowmanystudentshavetheirbirthdayonMay?
3.Theyaretalkingtotheirplans.
4.Thefilmswereinthegroundjustnow.
5.Women’sDayisatthethirdofMarch.
6.IusuallytakephotosinSundaymorning.
7.WhatdidyoudoontheSpringFestival?
8.CanyoucomeandhelpmeonmyEnglish?
9.Didyouwatertreesatthefarm?
10.Icanjogtoschoolonthemorning.
C
1\thefirstday________school2\________theschoolplayground
3\_________classes4\_________Wednesday
5\__________afarm6\pull_________carrots
7\alot_______fruittrees8\live_________atown
9\________theweekends12\look_______them
10\_________thesittingroom11\________the4th______November
13\_________theplayground14\_______theschoolhall
15\________NewYear16\talk_______hisstudents_______holidays
17\_________ChristmasDay18\haveabiglunch_________myfamily
19\dress________________costumes24\__________MumandDad.
20\_________SeptemberorOctober21\________hisgrandpa’shouse
22\_________theChristmastree23\________me30\abook________holidays
25\_________English26\________Christmas27\play________lanterns
28\________ChristmasDay29\thenames_______theday
参考答案:
A
ACCBCABACACAACBCBCACACBBACCBCBBCABCACBABCBACDCADBC
答案B
1.in
2.on
3.in
4.in
5.on
6.atat
7.behind
8.infrontof
9.in
10.in
答案C
1\thefirstday(of)school
2\(in)theschoolplayground
3\(in)classes
4\(on)Wednesday
5\(on)afarm
6\pull(up