考研英语一真题与参考题答案.docx

考研英语一真题与参考题答案.docx

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考研英语一真题与参考题答案

2017考研英语一真题及参考答案

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumbered

blankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）

Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?

Theanswermaybearesounding"yes!

"1helpingyoufeelcloseand2topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa3ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.

Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou4gettingsickthiswinter.

Inarecentstudy5over400healthadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs6theparticipants'susceptibility

todevelopingthecommoncoldafterbeing7tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome8withacold,andtheresearchers9thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging

10about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.11amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere12.

"Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe13riskforcoldsthat'susually14withstress,"notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Hugging"isamarkerofintimacyandhelps15

thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp16difficulty."

Someexperts17thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled"thebondinghormone"

18itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmother

andtheirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitisreleasedintothebloodstream.Butsomeofit19inthebrain,whereit20mood,behaviorandphysiology.

1.[A]Unlike[B]Besides[C]Despite[D]Throughout

【答案】[B]Besides

2.[A]connected[B]restricted[C]equal[D]inferior

【答案】[A]connected

3.[A]choice[B]view[C]lesson[D]host

【答案】[D]host

4.[A]recall[B]forget[C]avoid[D]keep

【答案】[C]avoid

5.[A]collecting[B]involving[C]guiding[D]affecting

【答案】[B]involving

6.[A]of[B]in[C]at[D]on

【答案】[D]on

7.[A]devoted[B]exposed[C]lost[D]attracted

【答案】[B]exposed

8.[A]across[B]along[C]down[D]out

【答案】[C]down

9.[A]calculated[B]denied[C]doubted[D]imagined

【答案】[A]calculated

10.[A]served[B]required[C]restored[D]explained

【答案】[D]explained

11.[A]Even[B]Still[C]Rather[D]Thus

【答案】[A]Even

12.[A]defeats[B]symptoms[C]tests[D]errors

【答案】[B]symptoms

13.[A]minimized[B]highlighted[C]controlled[D]increased

【答案】[D]increased

14.[A]equipped[B]associated[C]presented[D]compared

【答案】[B]associated

15.[A]assess[B]moderate[C]generate[D]record

【答案】[C]generate

16.[A]inthefaceof[B]intheformof[C]inthewayof[D]inthe

nameof

【答案】[A]inthefaceof

17.[A]transfer[B]commit[C]attribute[D]return

【答案】[C]attribute

18.[A]because[B]unless[C]though[D]until

【答案】[A]because

19.[A]emerges[B]vanishes[C]remains[D]decreases

【答案】[C]remains

20.[A]experiences[B]combines[C]justifies[D]influences

【答案】[D]influences

Text1

Firsttwohours,nowthreehours—thisishowfarinadvanee

authoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.

Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityprotocolsinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,which

terroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:

WastedtimeisadragonAmericans'economicand

privatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.

Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration（TSA）foundin

asecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons—bothfakeandreal—pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingeconomyandlowoilprices,haveresultedinlongwaitsatmajorairportssuchasChicago'sO'HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecome—butthelinesareobvious.

Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.PartoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeningIanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.

ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:

EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.PassengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeningIanes.ThisallowstheTSAtofocusontravelerswhoarehigherrisk,savingtimeforeveryoneinvoIved.TSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.

Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock:

Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck'sfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonable

level.ButCongressshouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.

TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.

Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.

21.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto

[A]explainAmerican'stoleraneeofcurrentsecuritychecks.

[B]stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide.

[C]highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorU.S.airports.

[D]emphasizetheimportaneeofprivacyprotection.

22.Whichofthefollowingcontributestolongwaitsatmajorairports?

[A]Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.

[B]ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.

[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravellers.

[D]Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.

23.Theword“expedited”（Liner4,Para.5）isclosetinmeaningto

[A]quieter.

[B]cheaper.

[C]wider.

[D]faster.

24.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis

[A]adramaticreductionofitsscale.

[B]itswrongly-directedimplementation.

[C]thegovernment'sreluctaneetobackit.

[D]anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.

25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebestforthetext?

[A]LessScreeningforMoreSafety

[B]PreCheck-aBelatedSolution

[C]GettingStuckinSecurityLines

[D]UnderusedPreCheckLanes

答案：

21-25ACDDC

Text2

“TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers,”wroteQueenLiliuokalani,

Hawaii'slastreigningmonarch,in1897.StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope（TMT）,agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity'sviewofthecosmos.

AtissueistheTMT'splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawaiiansasthepiko,thatconnectstheHawaiian

Islandstotheheavens.ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld'smostpowerfultelescopes.RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea'speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanet'sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.

OppositiontotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentalistshavelongviewedtheirpresenee

asdisrespectfarsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation.

Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagernesstobuildbiggertelescopes,theyforgotthatscieneeisnottheonlywayofunderstandingtheworld.TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKea'sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheislands'inhabitants.Hawaiiancultureisnotarelicofthepast;itis

alivingcultureundergoingarenaissaneetoday.

Yetscieneehasaculturalhistory,too,withrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization.ThesamecuriositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearlyPolynesianstoHawaii'sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexploretheheavens.CallstodisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuturedevelopmentthereignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies,asifansweringaprimalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralhomes.

Theastronomycommunityismakingcompromisestochangeitsuseof

MaunaKea.TheTMTsitewaschosentominimizethetelescope'svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact.

TolimitthenumberoftelescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemoved

attheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesreturnedtoanaturalstate.

ThereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.

26.QueenLiliuokalani'sremarkinParagraph1indicates

[A]herconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy.

[B]theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.

[C]theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes.

[D]herappreciationofstarwatchers'featsinh