专题02阅读理解之社会生活类最近三年高考英语真题分类精编解析版.docx
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专题02阅读理解之社会生活类最近三年高考英语真题分类精编解析版
最近三年(2019-2021)高考英语真题分类精编
专题02
阅读理解之社会生活类
【2021年】
(2021·全国甲卷·C)话题:
玩滑板的经历 词数:
351 难度:
★★★
WhenIwas9,wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesandarrivedatHeathrow,LondononagrayJanuarymorning.Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue—skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadeadiscovery.
Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.Ilovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:
Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdon'tworryaboutit.Once,whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam(横杆),Ifellontothestones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycameover,helpingmeup:
Safe,man.Safe.Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting:
“Safe!
Safe!
Safe!
”Andthat'swhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.
WhenIwas15,myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingthere,butthelocalswerefarlesswelcoming.Withinacoupleofyears,I'dgivenitup.
WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004,IfoundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbank,spendinghoursthere.I'vetraveledbackseveraltimessince,mostrecentlythispastspring.Thedaywascoldbutclear:
touristsandLondonersstoppedtowatchtheskaters.Weaving(穿梭)amongthekidswhorushedbyontheirboards,Ifoundmywaytothebeam.Thenarail—thinteenager,inabaggywhiteT—shirt,skidded(滑)uptothebeam.Hesatnexttome.Heseemednottonoticethemannexttohim.ButsoonIcaughtafewofhisglances.“Iwasalocalhere20yearsago,”Itoldhim.Then,slowly,hebegantonodhishead.“Safe,man.Safe.”
“Yeah,”Isaid.“Safe.”
8.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorsoonafterhemovedtoLondon?
A.Hefeltdisappointed.B.Hegaveuphishobby.
C.Helikedtheweatherthere.D.Hehaddisagreementswithhisfamily.
9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“Safe!
Safe!
Safe!
”probablymean?
A.Becareful!
B.Welldone!
C.Noway!
D.Don'tworry!
10.WhydidtheauthorliketospendtimeinSouthbankwhenhereturnedtoLondon?
A.Tojointheskateboarding.B.Tomakenewfriends.
C.Tolearnmoretricks.D.Torelivehischildhooddays
11.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?
A.Childrenshouldlearnasecondlanguage.
B
Sportisnecessaryforchildren'shealth.
C.Childrenneedasenseofbelonging
D.Seeingtheworldisamustforchildren.
【答案】
8.A9.B10.D11.C
【解析】
本文属于记叙文。
本文讲述作者自己的经历,起初搬到伦敦很不适应,但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方,结识了玩滑板的朋友,因此很好的适应了。
作者回到伦敦之后,经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆,在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候,终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。
8.推理判断题。
根据第一段“Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue-skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.(除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市,没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天,我感到迷茫和无措)”可知,作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩,不能很好的融入到新的城市,感到很沮丧,故选A。
9.词义猜测题。
根据画线词后文“Andthat'swhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.(那才是真正重要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家)”可知,作者掌握了滑板落地技巧,因此他的朋友大声欢呼,因此可以推出本句的Safe是赞美的含义,结合选项,故选B。
10.推理判断题。
根据第四段““Iwasalocalhere20yearsago,"Itoldhim.Then,slowly,hebegantonodhishead.“Safe,man.Safe.””(我告诉他:
“我20年前经常在这里玩滑板,”他缓慢地开始向我点头:
“嗨,你好!
”)”可推知,作者去Southbank这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆,故选D。
11.推理判断题。
根据全文可知,作者起初搬到伦敦很不适应,但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方,结识了玩滑板的朋友,因此很好的适应了。
但是搬去华盛顿,因为没有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友,几年之后就不再玩滑板,作者回到伦敦之后,经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆,在于一个孩子打招呼的时候,终于找到了自己久违的回忆。
通过作者的经历,作者要表达的是,归属感对于孩子是很重要的,故选C。
【2020年】
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷·C)话题:
竞走与跑步的比较 词数:
302 难度:
★★★
Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.
Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport’srulesrequirethataracewalker’skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接触)withthegroundatalltimes.It’sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.
Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays.Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.
However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.
Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner’sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.Butthesport’sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.
28.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?
A.Theymustrunlongdistances.
B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.
C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.
D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.
29.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?
A.It’smorepopularattheOlympics.
B.It’slesschallengingphysically.
C.It’smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.
D.It’slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.
30.WhatisDr.Norberg’ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?
A.Gettingexperts’opinions.
B.Havingamedicalcheckup.
C.Hiringanexperiencedcoach.
D.Doingregularexercises.
31.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetoracewalking?
A.Skeptical.B.Objective.
C.Tolerant.D.Conservative.
【答案解析】
本文是说明文。
虽然竞走与跑步一样都有助于健康,但竞走运动与跑步不同。
竞走者必须是有一定条件的运动员,而且需要练习,需要有教练或有经验的竞走者的指导。
28.选C。
推理判断题。
根据第二段对竞走运动的介绍可知,竞走需要一定的条件:
距离长,竞走者的腿在跑动时必须是直的,而且前后脚交替着地。
因此,C项“竞走者必须遵循一定的规则”符合题意。
29.选D。
细节理解题。
根据最后一段第一句“因此,她说,一些与跑步有关的损伤,比如跑步者的膝盖(的损伤),在竞走者中并不常见。
”也就是说竞走对膝盖的伤害比跑步要小。
故选D。
30.选A。
细节理解题。
根据最后一段倒数第二句“她说,事实上,任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走者,学习适当的技术。
”可知,诺伯格博士建议想参与竞走运动的人先听一听专家的意见。
故选A。
31.选B。
观点态度题。
作者介绍了竞走与跑步的不同,并引用了一些研究成果。
所以,作者对竞走的态度是客观的。
故选B。
(2020•全国Ⅱ卷•D)
话题:
我和图书馆词数:
348W 难度:
★★★★
Ihaveaspecialplaceinmyheartforlibraries.IhaveforaslongasIcanremember.Iwasalwaysanenthusiasticreader,sometimesreadinguptothreebooksadayasachild.Storieswerelikeairtomeandwhileotherkidsplayedballorwenttoparties,IlivedoutadventuresthroughthebooksIcheckedoutfromthelibrary.
MyfirstjobwasworkingattheUkiahLibrarywhenIwas16yearsold.ItwasadreamjobandIdideverythingfromshelvingbookstoreadingtothechildrenforstorytime.
AsIgrewolderandbecameamother,thelibrarytookonanewplaceandanaddedmeaninginmylife.Ihadseveralchildrenandbookswereourmainsource(来源)ofentertainment.Itwasabigdealforustoloadupandgotothelocallibrary,wheremykidscouldpickoutbookstoreadorbookstheywantedmetoreadtothem.
Ialwaysread,usingdifferentvoices,asthoughIwereactingoutthestorieswithmyvoiceandtheylovedit!
Itwasaspecialtimetobondwithmychildrenanditfilledthemwiththewondermentofbooks.
Now,IseemychildrentakingtheirchildrentothelibraryandIlovethattheexcitementofgoingtothelibrarylivesonfromgenerationtogeneration.
Asanovelist,I’vefoundanewrelationshipwithlibraries.Iencouragereaderstogototheirlocallibrarywhentheycan’taffordtopurchaseabook.Iseelibrariesasasafehaven(避风港)forreadersandwriters,abridgethathelpsputtogetherareaderwithabook.Libraries,intheirownway,helpfightbookpiracy(盗版行为)andIthinkallwritersshouldsupportlibrariesinasignificantwaywhentheycan.Encouragereaderstousethelibrary.Sharelibraryannouncementsonyoursocialmedia.Frequentthemandtalkaboutthemwhenyoucan.
32.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’srelationshipwithbooksasachild?
A.Cooperative.B.Uneasy.
C.Inseparable.D.Casual.
33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“anaddedmeaning”inParagraph3referto?
A.Pleasurefromworkinginthelibrary.
B.Joyofreadingpassedoninthefamily.
C.Wondermentfromactingoutthestories.
D.Acloserbonddevelopedwiththereaders.
34.Whatdoestheauthorcallonotherwriterstodo?
A.Sponsorbookfairs.
B.Writeforsocialmedia.
C.Supportlibraries.
D.Purchasehernovels.
35.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A.Reading:
ASourceofKnowledge
B.MyIdeaaboutWriting
C.Library:
AHavenfortheYoung
D.MyLoveoftheLibrary
【答案解析】
作者从小就与图书馆建立了密切关系,后来把自己对图书馆的热爱在家庭里一代代地传递下去。
最后,作者还阐明了图书馆的作用。
32.选C。
推理判断题。
根据第一段的Iwasalwaysanenthusiasticreader以及Storieswerelikeairtome可知,当作者是一个孩子时,她就已经和书籍密不可分了。
故选C。
33.选B。
推理判断题。
根据第三段可知,作者成为母亲后,图书馆在她的生活中又增添了新的意义,那就是书成为她和孩子们快乐的来源。
由此可以推断出,“anaddedmeaning”指“阅读的快乐在家庭中的传承”。
故选B。
34.选C。
细节理解题。
根据最后一段的Ithinkallwritersshouldsupportlibrariesinasignificantwaywhentheycan可知,作者认为所有作家都应该力所能及地支持图书馆。
故选C。
35.选D。
标题归纳题。
作者从小就与图书馆建立了密切关系,后来把自己对图书馆的热爱在家庭里一代代地传递下去。
故选D。
(2020•全国Ⅲ卷•C)
话题:
家庭多代同居词数:
323W 难度:
★★★
C
Withtheyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation(孤独),morefamiliesarechoosingtolivetogether.
Thedoorwaytopeaceandquiet,forNickBrightatleast,leadsstraighttohismother-in-law:
shelivesonthegroundfloor,whilehelivesupstairswithhiswifeandtheirtwodaughters.
Fouryearsagotheyallmo